15 research outputs found
On the Order of Nilpotent Multipliers of Finite p-Groups
Let be a finite -group of order . YA. G. Berkovich (Journal of
Algebra {\bf 144}, 269-272 (1991)) proved that is elementary abelian
-group if and only if the order of its Schur multiplier, , is at the
maximum case. In this paper, first we find the upper bound
for the order the -nilpotent multiplier of ,
, where is the number of basic commutators of
weight on letters. Second, we obtain the structure of , in abelian
case, where , for all .
Finally, by putting a condition on the kernel of the left natural map of the
generalized Stallings-Stammbach five term exact sequence, we show that an
arbitrary finite -group with the -nilpotent multiplier of maximum order
is an elementary abelian -group.Comment: 14 page
Some Notes Towards Degrees of Literariness in Two Persian Translations of NietzscheŹ¼s Thus Spoke Zarathustra
In recent years, linguists and stylistics experts have become aware of the significance of lexical arrangement as a means of ascertaining and exploring the organization of concepts in the mind. The researchers argue that analyzing lexical items in terms of their literariness and interrelationships in semantic space makes the lexicon of a language doubly meaningful. However, there are not many studies in literary translations focusing on literariness in terms of lexicon on the translated works of Persian literary translators. More specifically, not a single research has been done on aspects of literariness in Nietzscheās translated works in Iran using the paradigmatic and syntagmatic axes until today.p Therefore, this research is an attempt to contribute to Persian literary translation by providing insights regarding choice of literary words used by the two Persian translators of NietzscheŹ¼s Thus Spoke Zarathustra. This research revealed that Dariyoush Ashouri not only has had a better choice of literary words, but he has managed to approach Nietzscheās poetic language in arrangement of the words. Rahim Gholami has employed the common and available words for translation. Consequently, Ashouriās translation is considered far more literary than Gholamiās translation, because of his wide range of literary words. Keywords: Literariness, Lexicon, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Jakobson, Nietzsche
Association of M55L and Q192R polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) with recurrent pregnancy loss risk: A caseācontrol study
Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to the incidence of two or more abortions before the first half of pregnancy. Oxidative stress has been hypothesized to play a central role in RPL.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 as antioxidant enzyme and the risk of RPL.
Materials and Methods: In this caseācontrol study, 110 women with RPL (case) and 110 healthy fertile women (control) referred to the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shiraz, Iran were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood in all participants. Polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
Results: Statistical analysis of Q192R polymorphism showed a significant difference for the RR genotype between the case and control group (OR = 11, CI = 1.39ā86.87, p = 0.005) but none for the QR and QQ genotypes. No significant association was observed between the R and Q allelic frequency in the RPL participants compared to the control group (p = 0.53). Also, statistical analysis of the L55M polymorphism for MM genotype in the case group compared with the control group showed a significant difference (OR = 3.59, CI = 0.97ā13.30, p = 0.042), but none for the LM and LL genotypes.
Conclusion: The findings showed a significant correlation between the Q192R polymorphisms and the L55M PON1 enzyme and RPL in this study population.
Key words: Pregnancy, Abortion, PON1, Polymorphism, Recurrent pregnancy loss
Association between hair dye use and cancer in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies
Background: The use of hair dye for cosmetic purposes appears to be increasing worldwide. As 50-80% of women use hair dye throughout their lifetimes, the possible association between hair dye use and cancer is a public health concern.
Method: This systematic review was performed by retrieving studies from PubMed, Scopus, WOS, and ProQuest databases. The inclusion criteria were case-control studies evaluating the association between hair dye use and cancer in women. Women with cancer who have used any hair dye were the focus of our study.
Results: The present study combined 28 studies, to assess the association between hair dye use and cancer. The pooled odds ratio (OR) of hematopoietic system cancers among those who have generally ever used any type of hair dyes was 1.10 (95% CI:1.01-1.20) in 17 studies. In 11 studies investigating hair dye made before and after 1980 as a risk factor for cancer, the pooled OR for cancer was 1.31(95% CI:1.08-1.59). Likewise, in the 13 studies that evaluated the association of light and dark hair dye with cancer, the risk among those using dark hair dye increased by 9%, compared to non-users (OR=1.09; 95% CI:0.95-1.25).
Conclusion: The present study suggests that, although the use of hair dye may increase the risk of cancer among users, a more detailed evaluation is required to assess the type of hair dye use in terms of guidelines and metrics.
Keywords: Hair dye; cancer; meta-analysis
Medical Studentsā Satisfaction with a Web-based Training Module of Clinical Reasoning
Background: There is a paucity of literature regarding the medical studentsā perspectives on
web-based training of clinical reasoning.
Objectives: This study aimed to describe the implementation of a web-based training course
of clinical reasoning for medical students and to evaluate their satisfaction with the program.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tehran University of Medical
Sciences in 2018. Fifty internal medicine interns were consecutively enrolled. The study
consisted of two phases. The first phase focused on the development of a web-based training
module of clinical reasoning. The second focused on evaluating the traineeās satisfaction with
the virtual course. The educational content of the program was prepared by an expert panel
and incorporated in a web-based educational tool designed for virtual training purposes. The
studentsā satisfaction with the virtual course was assessed using a questionnaire. Each item of
the questionnaire was scored from 0 (0) to 1.5 (100). The content validity of the questionnaire
determined by an expert panel, and its reliability was measured.
Results: The mean score of each item of the questionnaire ranged from 77.3 to 85.3 which
showed that the participants agreed with the items of the questionnaire. Also, Cronbachās
alpha coefficient was excellent in nine items of the questionnaire, good in four items, and
acceptable in three items. The intraclass correlation coefficient was also estimated as 0.98.
Conclusions: The participants were satisfied with the web-based training tool for clinical
reasoning, used in the present study. The developed questionnaire also showed good validity
and reliability for the assessment of traineesā satisfaction with the web-based training module
of clinical reasoning.
Keywords: Logic, Distance Education, Assessment, Medical Studen
Can laboratory tests at the time of admission guide us to the prognosis of patients with COVID-19?
Introduction: To enhance the COVID-19 patientsā care and to optimize utilizing medical resources during the pandemic, relevant biomarkers are needed for prediction of the diseaseās progression, the current study was aimed to determine the factors that effect on mortality of COVID-19 patients who admitted in Baharloo hospital in Iran.
Methods: in the current retrospective study, 56 patients who were died because of COVID-19 infection were randomly selected from those who were admitted to Baharloo hospital. One patient who was diagnosed with COVID-19 and had recovered from it matched with each non-survived patient in the term of age. Laboratory tests of all these patients at the time of admission were recorded and compared. All analyses performed using spss version 22 by considering Ī±:0.05 as a significant level.
Results: There was no statistical difference in the age and gender distribution between the two groups (p>0.05). The prevalence of diabetes among survived patients was 37.5% and among non-survived patients was 26.8% and there was no statistical difference between two groups about this comorbidity (p:0.22). Also, there was no statistical difference in the prevalence of hypertension and coronary heart diseases between two groups (p>0.05). Lymphocyte percentage, Blood oxygen level, and platelet (PLT) count was significantly higher in patients who had recovered (P<0.05).
Conclusions: LDH level, Lymphocyte percentage, PLT count, and blood Oxygen saturation have associations with severe forms of COVID-19 infection and can be used as predictors to assess the patients who are suspected of infection with COVID-19 at the time of admission
Automated Detection and Forecasting of COVID-19 using Deep Learning Techniques: A Review
Coronavirus, or COVID-19, is a hazardous disease that has endangered the
health of many people around the world by directly affecting the lungs.
COVID-19 is a medium-sized, coated virus with a single-stranded RNA. This virus
has one of the largest RNA genomes and is approximately 120 nm. The X-Ray and
computed tomography (CT) imaging modalities are widely used to obtain a fast
and accurate medical diagnosis. Identifying COVID-19 from these medical images
is extremely challenging as it is time-consuming, demanding, and prone to human
errors. Hence, artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies can be used to obtain
consistent high performance. Among the AI methodologies, deep learning (DL)
networks have gained much popularity compared to traditional machine learning
(ML) methods. Unlike ML techniques, all stages of feature extraction, feature
selection, and classification are accomplished automatically in DL models. In
this paper, a complete survey of studies on the application of DL techniques
for COVID-19 diagnostic and automated segmentation of lungs is discussed,
concentrating on works that used X-Ray and CT images. Additionally, a review of
papers on the forecasting of coronavirus prevalence in different parts of the
world with DL techniques is presented. Lastly, the challenges faced in the
automated detection of COVID-19 using DL techniques and directions for future
research are discussed
Preparing Medical Students to Become Effective Tutors: A Reaction, Learning and Behavior Evaluation Study
Background
We investigated three specific research purposes: (1) To assess the performance of tutors in guiding problem-based learning groups after participating in the tutor training program (TTP); (2) to examine the differences between tutorsā performance in related factors, including the tutorsā gender and education level; (3) to determine the tutorsā reaction to and learning from TTP.
Methods
This mixed method, concurrent triangulation study was carried out at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine in 2015. The participants included 22 students of medicine as tutor and 240 newly admitted students as tutee. After training, each tutor was assigned to a group of 10 members (a total of 22 groups) (n = 240) at a PBL session. Based on the Kirkpatrick's model, the tutorsā reaction to and learning from the TTP were evaluated using a peer evaluation form. Furthermore, utilizing the field note record form, their performance was recorded by an expert external observer.
Results
There was no evidence of difference in tutorsā performance between men and women. The median was 13.37 (13.16 - 13.90) for men and 13.40 (12.37 - 13.48) for women, P = 0.89. We found no difference in tutorsā performance based on the level of education using the Kruskal- Wallis test (Ļ2 = 1.84, DF = 2, P = 0.39). Analysis of the field notes showed 4 main themes.
Conclusions
The performance of men is as good as women in tutoring. Furthermore, junior students perform the same as senior students. Four main themes of tutorsā performance in PBL session were āhelping to learn how to apply basic scienceā, ādeep learning enhancementā, āgroup dynamics creationā and āinterest in the field of educationā
Career Success: The effects of career anchor-job fit, psychological contract fulfillment and Perceived organizational support on career success
This researchĀ related to effects ofĀ different forms of person-environment fitĀ on behaviors and work outcomes , demonstrated that career anchor- job fit positively related to career success. Furthermore the moderator role of psychological contract fulfillment and perceived organizational support help for more clearness this relation and better understanding of career success predictors. This research via mix of qualitative and quantitative methods recognizes a new dimension of career anchor, that contributes in promotion of knowledge for career anchor theory. This research with mix approach uses from qualitative interviews and questionnaire. The Respondents of research includes employees of information technology (IT) and financial departments in three Iranian public banks. The results of research recognize a new dimension of career anchor as āhalal income earningā. This dimension was not recognized and discussed in other researches. Keywords: Career anchor, Career success, Fit theory, Perceived organizational support, Psychological contract, Bank