KOMITMEN PENUH WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DALAM PENDISTRIBUSIAN VAKSIN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) DI INDONESI

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) began to enter Indonesia from March 2020 until now. The Government of Indonesia through the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the National Disaster Management Agency and related agencies are committed and fully coordinated both at the regional and central levels in dealing with the pandemic by means of the Covid-19 Vaccination program. This Covid-19 vaccine comes from a real commitment from the World Health Organization (WHO) as the World Health Organization for the country of Indonesia in preventing the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia, to support the strategic policy of comprehensive national Covid-19 vaccination, and to form a Herd. Immunity in the Republic of Indonesia. The research method used is the document study method from the results of pre-existing research by searching online scientific journals. With the results of this academic work (Journal) readers are expected to understand and be able to analyze properly regarding the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic at the local government level, central government level and WHO's full commitment in distributing the Covid-19 vaccine in the Republic of Indonesia Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) mulai masuk ke negara Indonesia mulai bulan maret 2020 hingga saat ini. Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana dan Instansi terkait berkomitmen dan berkoordinasi penuh baik tingkat daerah maupun pusat dalam penanggulangan pandemi tersebut dengan cara program Vaksinasi Covid-19. Vaksin Covid-19 ini berasal dari bentuk komitmen nyata dari World Health Organization (WHO) sebagai Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia untuk negara Indonesia dalam mencegah persebaran Covid-19 di Indonesia, untuk mendukung kebijakan strategis yakni Vaksinasi Covid-19 secara nasional menyeluruh, dan untuk membentuk Herd Immunity (Kekebalan Kelompok) di negara Republik Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode studi dokumen dari hasil penelitian yang sudah ada sebelumnya dengan penelusuran jurnal ilmiah online. Dengan adanya hasil karya akademik ini (Jurnal) pembaca diharapkan memahami dan dapat mampu menganalisa dengan baik terkait penanggulangan pandemi Covid-19 dalam skala tingkat pemerintah daerah, tingkat pemerintah pusat dan komitmen penuh WHO dalam pendistribusian Vaksin Covid-19 di Negara Republik Indonesia. Kata Kunci: WHO 1; Koordinasi Penanganan Covid-19 2; Vaksinasi Covid-19 3

Improving the QoS support in HCCA-EDCA mixed IEEE 802.11e networks

The multimedia applications require the network to provide a trustworthy service suitable to meet their Quality of Service and real-time requirements, managing efficiently the available resources. In this paper we present a performing solution for the multimedia support over IEEE 802.11e networks that aims to combine both its Medium Access Control functions, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) and Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF) Controlled Channel Access (HCCA), in order to reduce the experienced delay. The proposed scheduler, local to the node, cooperates with the centralized HCCA scheduler, integrating the offered service using the EDCA available resources. The simulations show that the overall scheduler improves the performance with respect to the HCCA schedulers in terms of scheduling efficiency and delay, allowing to guarantee the expected service level

Editorial: XXXIII SIMGBM Congress 2019 - Antimicrobials and Host-Pathogen Interactions

This Research Topic (RT) is intended to provide a collection of selected contributions in the broad area “Antimicrobials and Host-Pathogen Interactions” from the participants of “Microbiology 2019” congress organized by the Italian Society for General Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology (SIMGBM, www.simgbm.it), which was held in Florence, Italy, on June 19–22, 2019. The congress was attended by 224 scientists from all over the world, and contributions relevant to this RT were collected from presentations in the following congress sessions: (i) Antibiotic resistome: where do antibiotic resistance genes come from? (ii) New antimicrobial strategies in the post-antibiotic era; (iii) Intercellular communication in host-pathogen interactions; (iv) New approaches to unravel fungal-host interactions; (v) Bacterial cell surface and signaling. The unifying concept of this RT originates from the increasing awareness that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex problem which should be addressed by a multifocal approach. Fundamental microbiological investigations in this direction involve understanding of the flow of AMR genes from the environment to human and animal pathogens, the development of new drugs to tackle AMR, and the discovery of new druggable targets to impairmicrobial growth and/or pathogenicity

Reverse transcriptase-PCR differential display analysis of meningococcal transcripts during infection of human cells: Up-regulation of priA and its role in intracellular replication

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>In vitro </it>studies with cell line infection models are beginning to disclose the strategies that <it>Neisseria meningitidis </it>uses to survive and multiply inside the environment of the infected host cell. The goal of this study was to identify novel virulence determinants that are involved in this process using an <it>in vitro </it>infection system.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>By using reverse transcriptase-PCR differential display we have identified a set of meningococcal genes significantly up-regulated during residence of the bacteria in infected HeLa cells including genes involved in L-glutamate transport (<it>gltT </it>operon), citrate metabolism (<it>gltA</it>), disulfide bond formation (<it>dsbC</it>), two-partner secretion (<it>hrpA-hrpB</it>), capsulation (<it>lipA</it>), and DNA replication/repair (<it>priA</it>). The role of PriA, a protein that in <it>Escherichia coli </it>plays a central role in replication restart of collapsed or arrested DNA replication forks, has been investigated. <it>priA </it>inactivation resulted in a number of growth phenotypes that were fully complemented by supplying a functional copy of <it>priA</it>. The <it>priA</it>-defective mutant exhibited reduced viability during late logarithmic growth phase. This defect was more severe when it was incubated under oxygen-limiting conditions using nitrite as terminal electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration. When compared to wild type it was more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and the nitric oxide generator sodium nitroprusside. The <it>priA</it>-defective strain was not affected in its ability to invade HeLa cells, but, noticeably, exhibited severely impaired intracellular replication and, at variance with wild type and complemented strains, it co-localized with lysosomal associated membrane protein 1.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In conclusion, our study i.) demonstrates the efficacy of the experimental strategy that we describe for discovering novel virulence determinants of <it>N. meningitidis </it>and ii.) provides evidence for a role of <it>priA </it>in preventing both oxidative and nitrosative injury, and in intracellular meningococcal replication.</p

An Integrative, Multiparametric Approach for the Comprehensive Assessment of Microbial Quality and Pollution in Aquaculture Systems

As the aquaculture sector significantly expanded worldwide in the past decades, the concept of sustainable aquaculture has developed with the challenge of not only maximizing benefits but also minimizing the negative impacts on the environment assuring, at the same time, food security. In this framework, monitoring and improving the microbiological water quality and animal health are a central topic. In the present study, we evaluated the seawater microbiological quality in a mariculture system located in a Mediterranean coastal area (Northern Ionian Sea, Italy). We furnished, for the first time, a microbial inventory based on conventional culture-based methods, integrated with the 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding approach for vibrios identification and diversity analyses, and further implemented with microbial metabolic profiling data obtained from the Biolog EcoPlate system. Microbiological pollution indicators, vibrios diversity, and microbial metabolism were determined in two different times of the year (July and December). All microbial parameters measured in July were markedly increased compared to those measured in December. The presence of potentially pathogenic vibrios is discussed concerning the risk of fish disease and human infections. Thus, the microbial inventory here proposed might represent a new multiparametric approach for the suitable surveillance of the microbial quality in a mariculture system. Consequently, it could be useful for ensuring the safety of both the reared species and the consumers in the light of sustainable, eco-friendly aquaculture management

Enhancement of QoS support of HCCA schedulers using EDCA function in IEEE 802.11e networks

The IEEE 802.11e standard introduces Quality of Service support for wireless local area networks through two MAC functions: Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) and HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA). While the former provides prioritized contention-based access to the medium, the latter uses a parameterized contention-free polling scheme. Several studies have proposed enhancements to EDCA or improved scheduling algorithms for HCCA to properly support VBR traffic. However, the cooperation between these functions has only marginally been considered and the solutions vary depending on specific traffic requirements. In this paper we propose a novel approach to address the problem of scheduling VBR traffic streams. Our scheduler, named Overboost, uses HCCA to negotiate a minimum bandwidth and deals with traffic streams that require more bandwidth than the negotiated one by redirecting the excess bandwidth to the EDCA function. An analytical evaluation has been conducted and the results has been corroborated by an extensive set of simulations. They show that the overall scheduler improves the performance with respect to other HCCA schedulers in terms of null rate, throughput, access delay, and queue length

Application of XeCl308nm excimer laser radiation to mutate industrial microorganisms

EnIn this study, we have investigated the effects of an XeCl308 nm excimer laser radiation on bacterial mutagenesis. Our experiments have revealed that the mutagenesis inducted by the XeCl308 nm excimer laser radiation is independent from RecA protein, the regulator of the SOS response, unlike UV254 nm radiation that is not mutagenic for Escherichia coli mutants lacking the RecA protein. This found suggests that the UV308 nm laser radiation might be mutagenic also in microorganisms naturally lacking the SOS response. To test this hypothesis, we applied our innovative mutagenesis approach on Nonomuraea ATCC 39727, an industrial strain producing an antibiotic, which is relatively refractory to UV254 nm radiation-induced mutagenesis. Our results demonstrated the efficiency of XeCl308 nm excimer laser radiation to induce mutagenesis in Nonomuraea ATCC 39727