Pengaruh Parasetamol Dosis Analgesik Terhadap Kadar Serum Glutamat Oksaloasetat Transaminase Tikus Wistar Jantan

Latar belakang: Parasetamol digunakan untuk menangani keadaan nyeri akut pasca operasi. Pada dosis yang direkomendasikan parasetamol dianggap aman. Namun penggunaan parasetamol diatas rentang dosis terapi dapat menyebabkan gangguan hati. Kerusakan sel hati secara jelas akan mempengaruhi kadar SGOT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parasetamol dosis analgesik terhadap kadar SGOT tikus wistar jantan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan Post-Test Only Control Group Design yang menggunakan tikus Wistar Jantan sebagai objek penelitian. Terdapat 3 kelompok penelitian yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok yang diberikan parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari dan kelompok yang diberikan parasetamol selama 4 hari. Normalitas data diuji dengan Shapiro Wilks. Data dianalisis dengan independent t test dan one way Anova yang dilanjutkan uji LSD.Hasil: Uji independent t test menunjukkan kenaikan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 4 hari. Uji one way Anova menunjukkan kenaikan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara semua kelompok. Akan tetapi pada kelompok tidak didapatkan kenaikan signifikan antara kedua kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari dan 4.Kesimpulan: Pemberian parasetamol dosis analgesik dapat meningkatkan kadar SGOT

PENGARUH PARASETAMOL DOSIS ANALGESIK TERHADAP KADAR SERUM GLUTAMAT OKSALOASETAT TRANSAMINASE TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN

Latar belakang: Parasetamol digunakan untuk menangani keadaan nyeri akut pasca operasi. Pada dosis yang direkomendasikan parasetamol dianggap aman. Namun penggunaan parasetamol diatas rentang dosis terapi dapat menyebabkan gangguan hati. Kerusakan sel hati secara jelas akan mempengaruhi kadar SGOT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parasetamol dosis analgesik terhadap kadar SGOT tikus wistar jantan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian eksperimental dengan pendekatan Post-Test Only Control Group Design yang menggunakan tikus Wistar Jantan sebagai objek penelitian. Terdapat 3 kelompok penelitian yaitu kelompok kontrol, kelompok yang diberikan parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari dan kelompok yang diberikan parasetamol selama 4 hari. Normalitas data diuji dengan Shapiro Wilks. Data dianalisis dengan independent t test dan one way Anova yang dilanjutkan uji LSD. Hasil: Uji independent t test menunjukkan kenaikan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 4 hari. Uji one way Anova menunjukkan kenaikan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara semua kelompok. Akan tetapi pada kelompok tidak didapatkan kenaikan signifikan antara kedua kelompok perlakuan yang diberi parasetamol dosis analgesik selama 2 hari dan 4. Kesimpulan: Pemberian parasetamol dosis analgesik dapat meningkatkan kadar SGOT. Kata kunci: SGOT, parasetamol, analgesik, nyeri akut pasca operas

Acute Encephalitis Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Confirmed in Cerebrospinal Fluid: First Case in Malaysia

A 69-year-old male with hypertension and atrial fibrillation presented with a 4-day history of fever, cough, and breathlessness, and subsequently developed disorientation and confusion for 1 day. On arrival, his Glasgow Coma Scale was 12/15 (E4, V3, and M5). His body temperature was 37.5°C, blood pressure was 136/60 mm Hg, pulse rate was 72 beats/min , and SpO2 was 98%, with a nasal prong of 3 L/min. There were no symptoms of meningism or longtract signs. On the following day he became increasingly restless and breathless, and required a high-flow-rate nasal cannula to maintain adequate oxygenation. A diagnosis of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was established based on positivity when using an antigen rapid testing kit (SD Biosensor, Inc., Suwon, Korea). However, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was not detected when the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to the nasopharyngeal swab sample. High-resolution CT of his lungs showed subpleural ground-glass opacities with reticulation on the background of chronic lung changes. Noncontrast brain CT only revealed an old right lenticular infarct. The opening pressure in lumbar puncture was 9.5 cmH2O. His cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was clear, with a protein level of 1.16 g/L, and the CSF/serum glucose ratio was 0.58. A white blood cell count of 50 cells/mm3 with 100% lymphocytes was seen in the CSF. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in his CSF using PCR with a cycle threshold value of 36.08 and the ORF1ab gene. The results of other CSF analyses were unremarkable

Stigma, Sociodemographic Factors, and Clinical Factors Associated with Psychological Distress among COVID-19 Survivors during the Convalescence Period : A Multi-Centre Study in Malaysia

High rates of psychological distress among COVID-19 survivors and stigmatisation have been reported in both early and late convalescence. This study aimed to compare the severity of psychological distress and to determine the associations among sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, stigma, and psychological distress among COVID-19 survivors across two different cohorts at two different time points. Data were collected cross-sectionally in two groups at one month and six months post-hospitalisation among COVID-19 patient from three hospitals in Malaysia. This study assessed psychological distress and the level of stigma using the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K6) and the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) stigma scale, respectively. At one month after discharge, significantly lower psychological distress was found among retirees (B = −2.207, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = −4.139 to −0.068, p = 0.034), those who received up to primary education (B = −2.474, 95% CI = −4.500 to −0.521, p = 0.014), and those who had an income of more than RM 10,000 per month (B = −1.576, 95% CI = −2.714 to −0.505, p = 0.006). Moreover, those with a history of psychiatric illness [one month: (B = 6.363, 95% CI = 2.599 to 9.676, p = 0.002), six months: (B = 2.887, CI = 0.469–6.437, p = 0.038)] and sought counselling services [one month: (B = 1.737, 95% CI = 0.385 to 3.117, p = 0.016), six months: (B = 1.480, CI = 0.173–2.618, p = 0.032)] had a significantly higher severity of psychological distress at one month and six months after discharge from the hospital. The perceived stigma of being infected with COVID-19 contributed to greater severity of psychological distress. (B = 0.197, CI = 0.089–0.300, p = 0.002). Different factors may affect psychological distress at different periods of convalescence after a COVID-19 infection. A persistent stigma contributed to psychological distress later in the convalescence period

The effect of CTL-based parenting program with mobile training program assistant to improve parenting skill of parents and overcome tantrum on three-years-old children

Tantrum in children is one of the most critical parenting problems and cannot be ignored. If neglected, it can have an impact on the children's unpreparedness in adapting to their environment. Parents must properly do handling tantrums in children. It will happen when parents have good parenting skills. Parents' parenting skills need to be increasing. It is necessary to provide training, a Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) based parenting program with mobile training program assistant. This research is conducted using quasi-experimental analysis. The population in this study is all parents in Malang City who have children with tantrum problems. The sampling technique used is the purposive sampling technique with the criteria of parents who have children aged three years with tantrum problems that show verbal and physical behaviour. The research instrument consisted of a set of parenting skill and tantrum questionnaires for children with the help of the Mobile Training Program and without the Mobile Training Program

The use of Oral Bovril as growth hormone stimulation test

Introduction: The gold standard for diagnosing growth hormone deficiency is insulin tolerance test. However, this is contraindicated in patients at risk of seizure attacks. GHRH-arginine test is not widely available. The other tests have their own limitations. Oral Bovril contains arginine and can be used as a substitute when all others are not available. Case: A 16-year old boy with underlying mitochondrial disease, complicated with myoclonus and secondary hypogonadism, presented with short stature. Oral Bovril test was performed to rule out growth hormone deficiency as other tests were not available. Materials and Methods: Oral Bovril, given as 14g/m2 body surface area, was used in this patient (subject A) after an overnight fast. The test was also performed on a healthy sex-matched adult (subject B) and a sex and age-matched patient with confirmed growth hormone deficiency (subject C). Serial blood tests were taken at baseline and half hourly for 2.5 hours. Results: Subject A attained peak growth hormone of 28.4mIU/L which was consistent with a normal response, hence ruling out growth hormone deficiency. Subject B attained peak growth hormone of 42.0mIU/L. Subject C has suppressed growth hormone throughout the test, consistent with previous insulin tolerance test. Conclusion: Oral Bovril test is an option when all other growth hormone stimulation tests cannot be performed. It is cheap, readily available, has no side effects, does not require intravenous infusion, and has fairly good performance

Validation study of the Malay version of the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life (MGQOL)15 and Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MGADL) questionnaires

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an immune mediated neuromuscular disease causing fatiguability, which can influence quality of life (QOL). MG disease status can be established with Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life (MGQOL) 15 and Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MGADL) questionnaires to measure patients’ perception of MG-related dysfunction. This study aims to validate the translated Malay versions of the MGQOL15 and MGADL for use in Malay-speaking MG patients. By using the cross cultural adaptation process, both questionnaires were translated into Malay language. Two sets of MGQOL15 Malay version and MGADL Malay version were distributed to MG patients during their routine follow-up to be filled up one week apart. A total of 38 patients were recruited during this study comprising predominantly females compared to males (71% vs 29%) and Malays compared to non-Malays (60% vs 40%). The mean age was 52.5 years; with most of the patients in the 60-69 years old category (37%).The Spearman’s correlation coefficient was 0.987 for MGQOL-15 Malay version and 0.976 for MGADL Malay version, while the internal consistency for MGQOL15 Malay version was 0.952-0.957, and 0.677-0.694 for MGADL Malay version. The MGQOL15 Malay version and MGADL Malay version are reliable and valid instruments for the measurement of quality of life in MG patients in the local setting