Simuladores de Planificadores de Sistemas en Tiempo Real

En este artículo se presenta un simulador desarrollado que permite ejecutar diferentes planificadores de Tiempo Real, como el algoritmo de planificación cíclica, Algoritmo de la Razón Monótona (RMA) y EDF (Earliest Deadline First) para un conjunto de procesos con unos datos dados y muestra los resultados obtenidos. Mediante este simulador se facilita a los alumnos el aprendizaje de los algoritmos de planificación.This paper presents a simulator that has been developed to allow the execution of scheduling algorithms such as the Cyclic Non­preemptive Executive, Rate­monotonic scheduling (RMS) and Earliest Deadline First (EDF) for a given set of processes with different values and the simulator displays the results. With this simulator, students are able to learn about scheduling algorithms.Universidad de Granada: Departamento de Arquitectura y Tecnología de Computadores; Vicerrectorado para la Garantía de la Calidad

Hydrolysis and methanolysis of silanes catalyzed by iridium(III) bis-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Influence of the wingtip groups

New [Ir(CH3CN)2(I)2{κC,C′-bis(NHC)}]BF4 complexes featuring bis-NHC ligands with a methylene bridge and different N substitution (−CH2CH2CH2CH3 and −CH2CH2OPh) were synthesized. NMR studies and X-ray diffraction structures evidenced that the wingtip group −CH2CH2OPh presents a hemilabile behavior in solution, with the oxygen atom coordinating and dissociating at room temperature, which contrasts with the strong coordination of the ether functions in the complex [Ir(I)2{κC,C′,O,O′-bis(NHCOMe)}]BF4 (bis(NHCOMe) = methylenebis(N,N′-bis(2-methoxyethyl)imidazol-2-ylidene)), previously reported by us. These complexes proved to be efficient catalysts for the hydrolysis and methanolysis of silanes, affording molecular hydrogen and silyl alcohols or silyl ethers as the main reaction products in excellent yields. The hydrogen generation rates were very much dependent on the nature of the hydrosilane and the coordination ability of the wingtip group. The latter also played a key role in the recyclability of the catalytic system.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER) (CONSOLIDER INGENIO CSD2009-0050, CTQ2011-27593 projects, and “Juan de la Cierva” (M.I.) and Ramón y Cajal (P.J.S.M.) programs) and the DGA/FSE-E07. The authors express their appreciation to the support from the Ministry of Higher Education, Saudi Arabia, in establishment of the Center of Research Excellence in Petroleum Refining & Petrochemicals at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) and the support from KFUPM-University of Zaragoza research agreement.Peer Reviewe

Cardiotrophin-1 is a key regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines. We observed that ct-1(-/-) mice develop mature-onset obesity, insulin resistance, and hypercholesterolemia despite reduced calorie intake. Decreased energy expenditure preceded and accompanied the development of obesity. Acute treatment with rCT-1 decreased blood glucose in an insulin-independent manner and increased insulin-stimulated AKT phosphorylation in muscle. These changes were associated with stimulation of fatty acid oxidation, an effect that was absent in AMPKα2(-/-) mice. Chronic rCT-1 treatment reduced food intake, enhanced energy expenditure, and induced white adipose tissue remodeling characterized by upregulation of genes implicated in the control of lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis and genes typifying brown fat phenotype. Moreover, rCT-1 reduced body weight and corrected insulin resistance in ob/ob and in high-fat-fed obese mice. We conclude that CT-1 is a master regulator of fat and glucose metabolism with potential applications for treatment of obesity and insulin resistance

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study

Background: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results: NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion: As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population