Paraplegia is not a diagnosis: Spinal tuberculosis deserves a place on the clinical radar screen: Awakening call to clinicians

AbstractDisseminated Tuberculosis(TB) occurs through lymphohaematogenous dissemination of M. tuberculosis. Although it is more common in young children and those who are having risk factors like having acquired or innate immunodeficiency, weak immune system being on immunosuppressive treatments; it can also occur in immunocompetent indviduals with heavy load of infection. Inhalation being the commonest mode of entry of the pathogen results in pulmonary tuberculosis being the commonest seat of primary infection,other systems commonly involved as extra-pulmonary sites are lymphnodes, bone, brain, peritonium and genitalia depending on the amount of relative blood supply and lymphatics. We present here case of a young female who was immunocompetent, having fever, progressive lower limb weakness and loss of bowel and bladder control, becoming bed bound, and admitted in our hospital for rehabilitation with a diagnosis of paraplegia

Adult male with non-resolving opacity in the right hemithorax

Pulmonary agenesis is a well-known but rare congenital anomaly of the respiratory system. It represents failure of development of the primitive lung bud. We are reporting bilobar agenesis of the right lung associated with multisystem involvement in an adult patient

ACHIEVING TRUE HAPPINESS: A STUDY OF MUHAMMAD HOSSEIN TABATABAI’S PHILOSOPHICAL-MYSTICAL THOUGHT

The question of what constitutes true happiness has been a core philosophical issue that has warranted multiple attempts in the attempt to provide a final answer, either from a purely religious or philosophical perspective. The issue of happiness is closely connected to the meaning of life and its ultimate outcome and purpose. The modern Muslim philosopher Muhammad Hossein Tabatabai discussed the nature of happiness at length. In his view, human beings instinctively strive to attain happiness or the ultimate good which can only be achieved through nearness to God. Therefore, true happiness requires the believer to commit righteous deeds and avoid sinful acts. This study follows a philosophical-Sufi approach and uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the nature of happiness, the relationship between happiness, goodness and pleasure according to Tabatabai. In line with Islamic thought, true and lasting happiness can only be attained in the Hereafter, and happiness in this life, no matter how acutely and deeply felt, is merely a shadow of the true happiness of the believers who have attained God’s permission to enter Paradise.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns: a three-year surveillance study in a rehabilitation setting

Introduction: To analyze the susceptibility patterns in a rehabilitation center. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted between January 2011 and to January 2013 at Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Number of the patients, specimen type, pathogen detected and antibiogram were entered in database for analysis using Inter System Track care software. Results: A total of 4525 isolates were available from 5148 patients. Most (74%) of the isolates were from urine samples and were due to Eschericia coli (49.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (15%) and (Proteous mirabilis(9.49%). Of all the isolates, Eschericia coli was the commonest (49.8%) Gram negative organism, while(Stahylococcus aureus was the commonest (51%) among Gram positive organisms. The most effective antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeroginosa were ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Meropenem shows excellent activity against Gram negative bacteria. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was susceptible to Vancomycin and Rifampicin in 97% and 85% cases. Conclusion: A high incidence of urinary tract infections caused by Eschericia coli, Enterococcus faecalisandProteous mirabilis was reported. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest pathogen isolated from infected bed sores.Pan African Medical Journal 2016; 2

Perancangan Mobil Rear Wheel Drive Menggunakan Brushless DC Motor Berbasis PID-MRAC Dan Direct Torque Control Pada Kasus Torsi Di Jalan Berkelok

Motor brushless DC (BLDC) merupakan salah satu motor elektrik yang digunakan pada mobil listrik. Penggunaan motor BLDC mulai digunakan untuk mobil listrik karena performa dari motor BLDC lebih baik dibandingkan motor induksi dan motor brush DC dari segi momen inersia rotor yang kecil,efisiensi tinggi, dan motor BLDC lebih ringan. Pada kondisi jalan berkelok, mobil berbelok dan terjadi perubahan kecepatan roda belakang mobil rear wheel drive. Kecepatan kedua roda belakang harus berbeda saat mobil berbelok menurut model Ackermann-Jeantand sehingga diperlukan pengaturan kecepatan pada kedua roda belakang mobil agar mobil dapat berbelok dengan baik. Namun saat motor BLDC diaplikasikan pada mobil listrik, kondisi jalan berubah-ubah sehingga menimbulkan perubahan gaya gesek yang mengubah beban torsi pada motor BLDC. Berdasarkan masalah tersebut, perlu adanya kontroler yang mampu beradaptasi seiring perubahan beban torsi. Kontroler PID (proportional-integral- derivative) konvensional kurang bisa diterapkan pada sistem non linier seperti motor BLDC dengan kecepatan yang berubah sehingga diperlukan mekanisme untuk mengatasi perubahan pada kondisi tersebut. Model reference adaptive control (MRAC) digunakan untuk mengatasi perubahan nilai masukan dengan mengubah parameter dari kontroler sesuai dengan model referensi dan direct torque control digunakan karena memiliki respon torsi yang lebih cepat dan mampu untuk meredam riak torsi dari motor BLDC. Pada tugas akhir ini didapatkan nilai bandwidth fluks sebesar 0,525 Wb dan bandwidth torsi sebesar 0,05 Nm dengan nilai γP = 3×10-2, γi = 3×10-2, dan γd = 3×10-3 dengan perubahan kecepatan sudut maksimum 14,17 rad/detik. ====================================================================================================== Brushless DC motor (BLDC) is one of the electric motors used in electric cars. The use of BLDC motors is starting to be used for electric cars because the performance of BLDC motors is better than induction motors and brush DC motors in terms of small rotor moment of inertia, high efficiency, and BLDC motors has smaller weight. On curved road conditions, the car turns and there is a change in the speed of the rear wheel of a rear wheel drive car. The speed of the two rear wheels must be different when the car turns according to the Ackermann-Jeantand model so that it is necessary to adjust the speed of the two rear wheels of the car so that the car can turn properly. However, when a BLDC motor is applied to an electric car, the road conditions change, causing changes in the frictional force that changes the load torque on the BLDC motor. Based on these problems, it is necessary to have a controller that is able to adapt as the load torque changes. Conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are less applicable to non-linear systems such as BLDC motors with changing speeds, so a mechanism is needed to cope with changes in these conditions. The reference adaptive control (MRAC) model is used to overcome changes in the input value by changing the parameters of the controller according to the reference model and direct torque control is used because it has a faster torque response and is able to reduce torque ripples from the BLDC motor. In this final project, the flux bandwidth value is 0.525 Wb and the torque bandwidth is 0.05 Nm with the values of γp = 3×10-2, γi = 3×10-2, and γd = 3×10-3 with changes in the maximum angular velocity is 14.17 rad/sec

Oral cancers among yemenis patient: A prospective hospital-based study

Objective: The objective is to study oral cancer among Yemenis, determine the common types, common sites, and the pattern of the disease in relation to age and gender, and define the possible risk factors associated with its development. Materials and Methods: The present study is a prospective descriptive hospital-based study carried out at Al-Gomhori Teaching Hospital in Sana'a in the period 2009–2012. Data were collected from history (using a questionnaire form), clinical examination of patients, and from the histopathology results of the biopsies. Results: During the study period, 319 cases of oral cancers were seen. The majority of patients (92%) were over the age of 40 years, and the peak incidence is the seventh decade of life. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of oral cancers accounting for 90.3%, followed by salivary gland tumors. The gingiva was the most frequent site accounting for 27.9%, followed by the tongue accounting 27.3%. Shammah (traditional name of smokeless tobacco in Yemen and Saudi Arabia) was the main risk factor and associated with development 65.2% of oral cancers. Conclusion: Oral cancer in Yemen as in all countries still remains the disease of the elderly and deprived patient. The majority of patient were over the age of 40 years. Males were affected more than females, male to female ratio was 1.2-1. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of oral cancers. Gingiva was the most affected sites, followed by the tongue. Shammah (traditional-name of smokeless tobacco in Yemen and Saudia Arabia) was the main risk factor and play an important role to development of oral cancers

Facial skin cancers among yemenis patients: A prospective hospital-based study

Objective: the aim is to study the facial skin cancer among Yemenis, determine the common types, common sites, the pattern of the disease, and the possible risk factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: The study is a prospective descriptive hospital-based study carried out at Al-Gomhori Teaching Hospital in Sana'a. The material consisted of Yemen patients attending the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and who were diagnosed clinically and histopathologically with having facial skin cancer. Patients who had previous treatment (surgical, radiation, or chemotherapy) or who have recurrent cancer, or who refused to participate in the study were excluded from the study. Results: During the study period, 100 cases of facial skin cancers were seen, 66 cases (66%) were male and 34 cases (34%) were female. The male-to-female ratio was 1.9–1. The majority of patients (94%) were over the age of 40 years, and the peak incidence was the 7th decade of life. Basal cell carcinoma was the most common type accounting for 72% followed by squamous cell carcinoma 27% and malignant melanoma 1%. The infra-orbital region was the most affected site accounting (21%), followed by the naso-labial region and the nose (18%) for each, the temporal region (14%) and the check (12%). Outdoor work was the main risk factor and associated with the development of 70% of facial skin cancer. Conclusion: Facial skin cancers in Yemen still remains the disease of the elderly and deprived patients. The majority of patients (94%) were over the age of 40 years. Males were affected more than females. The male to female ratio was 1.9-1. Basal cell carcinoma was the most common type. Infera-orbital region was the most affected site, followed by the Naso-labial region. Prolonged exposure to sunlight (outdoor work) was the main risk factor that play an important role to development of facial skin cancer among Yemenis

Pengaruh Metode Resistance Band Terhadap Kemampuan Lempar Cakram : The Effect of the Resistance Band Method on the Discs Throwing Ability

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode resistance band terhadap kemampuan lempar cakram Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Jambi yang mengontrak mata kuliah atletik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes kemampuan lempar cakram menggunakan cakram seberat 2 kg. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh Metode resistance band terhadap kemampuan lempar cakram mahasiswa FKIP Universitas Jambi kontrak mata kuliah atletik di Program Studi Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan. Hasil yang diperoleh thitung 8,627 <0,05 (kepercayaan 95%). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh metode resistance band terhadap kemampuan lempar cakram Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Jambi. Kata Kunci: Resistance Band, Kemampuan Lempar Cakra

Adult male with non-resolving opacity in the right hemithorax Case report Open Access

Abstract Pulmonary agenesis is a well-known but rare congenital anomaly of the respiratory system. It represents failure of development of the primitive lung bud. We are reporting bilobar agenesis of the right lung associated with multisystem involvement in an adult patient

Clinical consequences of non-compliance with directly observed therapy short course (DOTS): Story of a recurrent defaulter

In 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis (TB) a global emergency, and subsequently introduced the directly observed therapy short course (DOTS) strategy, a technical and management package, based on the earlier work of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and international experience with DOTS, which strategy beyond a doubt has played a great role in the initial success of this program, especially in hospitalized patients under the initial intensive phase of 4-drug, anti-TB treatment with Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol. This results in rapid clinical well-being and early sputum conversion. This is indeed epidemiologically very important to break the chain of infection. Despite successful implementation of most of the elements of this strategy in several African countries and settings, TB case rates continue to escalate where the prevalence of HIV infection is high. There are also various other reasons which render the patients defaulter. Non-compliance is not only detrimental to the defaulters themselves as seen in this case study, but overall exposes the community to increased risk. Development of acquired resistance is more common in these patients, which makes their management very difficult. Therefore, it is important to anticipate those at risk of being defaulters and make them adhere to anti-TB treatment. It is very rare to trace and know what happened to a defaulter after he or she has dropped out, especially after migrating from one place to another, in the absence of any documentation. The following study is based on the story of a recurrent defaulter, a 64-year-old Saudi male who was admitted on 27 July 2011 to SBAH-City Rehabilitation Hospital & Medical Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia