The Understanding of Economy by Poets, Poem and Economy: Divan Poets and Economical Life

The economy has been one of the difficult problems during the history of mankind. The sources from which one can search economical problems of manhood in history are not only archivical documents but also literary works. Therefore, one of the sources regarding with the issues of Ottoman economics is Divan poetry. The Dıvan poets had written about economic problems of society such as starvation, famine, high cost of life, blackmarket, bribery, corruption, miseriliness, and generosity. If this poems me analysed, it will be seen that the poet me one of the most important observes of socio-economical life of the Ottoman society

War and Poem: Poets as a Witness to History

Tarihî hadiselerin izah edilip yorumlanmasında arşiv belgeleri kadar edebî verimlerin şahitliğinden de istifade edilmesi gerekmektedir. Zira sanatçı; yaşanmışlıkları gelecek nesillere aktarma ve tarihten ebediyete taşıma noktasında oldukça değerlidir. Bu yazıda, savaş ve şiir bağlamında tarihin tanığı olarak şairlerin ne derece önemli bir yere sahip oldukları Horatius’dan Nef’î’ye, Merahî’den Edip Ahmet Yüknekî’ye, Hoca Saadettin Efendi’den Rûdekî’ye çeşitli isimlerin bu husustaki tanıklıklarına başvurularak tartışılmaktadır.It is necessary to benefit from the witness of literary yields as much as archival documents in the explanation and interpretation of historical events. An artist is highly precise about transferring experiences to future generations and bringing them from history to the future. As witnesses of history in the context of war and poem, the importance of poets is discussed in this text paper by referring to the witnesses of various people on this point from Horatius to Nef’i, Merahi to Edip Ahmet Yuknekî and Hodja Saadettin to Rudeki

The effects of different root canal irrigation protocols and artificial aging procedures on the bond strength between dentin and hybrid ceramic posts

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different root canal irrigation protocols applied to the dentin and artificial aging procedures on the micro pushout bond strength (mPBS) between dentin and hybrid ceramic posts. Seventy-five single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were divided into 5 groups (Gr1-5). 50 of the teeth were used for the mPBS tests (n = 10), whereas 25 were used for the smear layer examinations (n = 5). Post space were prepared and irrigated with different irrigation-protocols in each group. (Gr1:[SS], Gr2:[NaOCl] + SS, Gr3:[EDTA] + NaOCl + SS, Gr4:[MA] + NaOCl + SS, Gr5:[Ch] + NaOCl + SS). Post and core pattern were fabricated with pattern resin and a fiber post, after scanning, the posts were milled with Vita Enamic resin ceramic block, and cemented. After 7 days the roots were sliced at thicknesses of 1 mm; half of them were subjected to mPBS test, while the other half were tested after undergoing mechanical cycling for artificial aging. For data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized to test normal distributions, 3-way analysis of variance was used to compare mPBS, and Tukey’s HSD test was conducted for multiple comparisons. SEM analysis was performed for examination of failure modes and smear layer removal. Different root canal irrigation protocols affected mPBS significantly. While Gr4 had the highest mPBS, Gr1 had the lowest. Regarding to different zones, the highest mPBS was in coronal zone, and the lowest one was in the apical zone. The aging procedure also led to a statistically-significant decrease in mPBS. Most frequent failure modes were cohesive failure in dentin and mixed failure. Irrigation with 7%MA (Gr4) showed better performance than 17% EDTA (Gr3) in smear layer removal, especially at the apical zone of the tooth. This is critical for the success of root canal treatment and increased the mPBS to a higher extent in all zones of the tooth

Evaluation of cardiac biomarkers and right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

Objective: Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) with myocardial damage may lead to fatal complications in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Cytoplasmic heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (HFABP) and the N-terminal fragment of its prohormone (NT-proBNP) are sensitive and specific biomarkers of myocardial damage. We evaluated RVD and cardiac biomarkers for myocardial damage and short-term mortality in patients with acute PE. Methods: We analyzed 41 patients (24 females, 17 males) with confirmed acute PE prospective. Three groups (massive, submassive, and nonmassive) of patients were defined, based on systemic systolic blood pressure measured on admission and RVD by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Also, systolic (s) and mean (m) pulmonary artery pressures (PAPs) were recorded by TTE, and plasma concentrations of cardiac troponin T (cTn-T), NT-proBNP, and HFABP were evaluated 6 month follow-up. Results: Seventeen (41.5%) patients experienced a complicated clinical course in the 6-month follow-up for the combined end-point, including at least one of the following: death (n=12, 29.3%; 3 PE-related), chronic PE (n=4, 9.8%), pulmonary hypertension (n=2, 4.9%), and recurrent PE (n=1, 2.4%). Multivariate hazard ratio analysis revealed HFABP, NT-proBNP, and PAPs as the 6-month mortality predictors (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01- 1.05; HR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01-1.04; and HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.02-1.05, respectively). Conclusion: HFABP, NT-proBNP, and PAPs measured on admission may be useful for short-term risk stratification and in the prediction of 6-month PE-related mortality in patients with acute PE. © 2016 by Turkish Society of Cardiology

Türk toplumunda radyoopak çene lezyonlarının değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif bir çalışma

Background: Radiopaque lesions are frequently found in the periapical region. The diagnosis and treatment of these lesions can be challenging to the dentist. The present study presents the similar radiographic features of the lesions to help the clinician narrow the differential diagnosis and to aid in treatment planning. This study aims to evaluate the frequency and distribution of radiopaque lesions in a Turkish population. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Endodontics, Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences Turkey, İstanbul, Turkey. Data was obtained from digital panoramic images taken between 2018-2021. A total of 2.002 patients were included. The incidence of specific radiopaque lesions, like idiopathic osteosclerosis, condensing osteitis, odontoma, cementoblastoma, cementoosseous dysplasia, and fibrous dysplasia was evaluated with relation to gender. In addition to these, the frequency of pulp stones was also evaluated. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to evaluate the data. Results: Of the 1.912 patients diagnosed with radiopaque lesions, 960 (50.2%) were female and 952 (49.8%) were male. Radiopaque lesions were determined on 106 (5.5%) panoramic radiographs. While idiopathic osteosclerosis was found in 58 (3%), condensing osteitis was found in 33 (1.7%), odontoma was found in 1 (0.1%), cementoblastoma was found in 1 (0.1%), cemento-osseous dysplasia was found in 10 (0.5%) and fibrous dysplasia was found in 3 (0.2%) patients. Moreover, a pulp stone was found in 142 (7.4%) patients. No statistically significant difference was found between genders in any of the lesions (p>0.05), except for condensing osteitis (X²=0.024). Conclusion: The most common radiopaque lesions in the study were idiopathic osteosclerosis and condensing osteitis, while the least common was cementoblastoma and odontoma.Amaç: Periapikal bölgede radyoopak lezyonlar sıklıkla bulunmaktadır. Bu lezyonların teşhisi ve tedavisi diş hekimi için zorlayıcı olabilir. Bu lezyonlar benzer görüntüleme özelliklerine sahip olabilir ve bu çalışmada klinisyenin ayırıcı tanıyı daraltmasına ve hasta tedavisini planlamasına yardımcı olmak için temel radyografik özellikler sunulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türk popülasyonunda radyoopak lezyonlarının sıklığı ve dağılımının incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Radyoopak çene lezyonlarının bu retrospektif çalışması Türkiye’de Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Hamidiye Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Endodonti Anabilim Dalı’nda yapılmıştır. Veriler 2018’den 2021’e kadar dijital panoramik radyografi görüntülerinden alınmıştır. Toplam 2002 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada cinsiyete ek olarak idiyopatik osteoskleroz, kondensing osteitis, odontoma, sementoblastoma, semento-osseöz displazi ve fibröz displazi gibi radyoopak lezyonların görülme sıklığı değerlendirildi. Bunlara ek olarak pulpa taşı sıklığı da değerlendirildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki- kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: Radyoopak lezyon tanısı alan 1,912 hastanın 960’ı (%50,2) kadın, 952’si (%49,8) erkekti. Yüz altı (%5,5) panoramik radyografide radyoopak lezyonlar tespit edildi. Elli sekizinde (%3) idiyopatik osteoskleroz, 33’ünde kondensing osteitis (%1,7), 1’inde odontoma (%0,1), 1’inde sementoblastoma (%0,1), 10’unda sementoosseoz displazisi (%0,5) ve 3’ünde fibröz displazi (%0,2) bulundu. Dahası 142’sinde pulpa taşı (%7,4) bulundu. Kondensing osteitis (X²=0,024) dışında hiçbir lezyonda cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı (p>0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmada en sık radyoopak lezyonlar idiyopatik osteoskleroz ve kondens osteitis iken en az görüleni sementoblastoma ve odontoma idi

Mixed ligand complexes of acesulfame/nicotinamide with earth alkaline metal cations MgII, CaII, BaII and SrII: synthesis and characterization

In the scope of this study, acesulfame ace, acs -nicotinamide na mixed ligand complexes of Mg II , Ca II , Sr II and Ba II were synthesized for the first time. Possible formulas for complexes were determined as [Mg H2O 4 na 2] acs 2, [Ca H2O 6 na 2] acs 2, [Sr H2O 7 na 2] acs 2, [Ba H2O 7 na 2] acs 2 . It was observed that acesulfame ligands within structure were located two moles each at outer surface of coordination sphere acting as counter-ion allowing the charge balance of structure. The solubility of compounds gaining ionic character in this way was determined as quite well as compared to complex structures. Characterizations of complexes synthesized were performed via melting point analysis, elemental analysis, mass spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy methods. Thermal properties of complexes obtained were determined with tandem TG-DTG and DTA techniques. It was found that the coordination spheres of metal cations within compounds obtained in this study were filled with nicotinamide and aqua ligand

The analysis of different techniques for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor

U radu se predstavljaju tehnike reguliranja brzine primjenom proporcionalnog integrala (PI), derivacije proporcionalnog integrala i fuzzy logike u pogonu sinkronog motora s permanentnim magnetima. PI i PID regulatori zahtijevaju precizni linearni matematički model sustava. S druge strane, FL zahtijeva lingvistički opis sustava. Analizirana je dinamička reakcija PMSMa na regulatore pri različitim opterećenjima. Uspoređena je učinkovitost reguliranja fuzzy logikom i uobičajenim načinima pomoću PI i PID. FL regulatori su reagirali bolje od uobičajenih tehnika pri prelaznim uvjetima opterećenja te postigli bržu regulaciju.This paper presents the use of proportional integral (PI), proportional integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic (FL) speed controller techniques in the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive. PI and PID controllers require precise linear mathematical model of the system. On the other hand, FL needs linguistic description of the system. The dynamic response of PMSM with the controllers was studied under different load disturbances. The effectiveness of the fuzzy logic controller was compared with the conventional PI and PID controllers. The FL controller responded better than conventional techniques under transient load conditions and also achieved faster settling response

Tetra­aqua­bis(orotato-κO)cobalt(II) dihydrate

In the title CoII complex, [Co(C5H3N2O4)2(H2O)4]·2H2O, the CoII ion is located on an inversion center and is coordinated by two orotate (2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylate) anions and four water mol­ecules in a slightly distorted octa­hedral geometry. The dihedral angle between the carboxyl­ate group and the attached orotate ring is 1.2 (3)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network. π–π contacts between the orotate rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.439 (2) and 3.438 (2) Å] further stabilize the structure