MANAGEMENT OF FIBULAR HEMIMELIA (CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF FIBULA) USING ILIZAROV METHOD IN SULAIMANI

Background: Fibular hemimelia is the most common congenital deficiency of long bones. Therefore, it is characterized by a wide spectrum of manifestations ranging from mild limb length inequality to sever shortening with foot and ankle deformities and associated anomalies. Objectives: To evaluate the results of ankle and foot reconstruction and limb length equalization in patients with Fibular Hemimelia. Patients and Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 40 limbs in 32 patients with fibular hemimelia during the periods of March 2010 to January 2014. Male to female ratio was 24:8. Their age ranged at an average between 2-16 years (9 years). The reconstruction of ankle and foot was done. Also, the equalization of the limb was done also using Ilizarov frame. Results: The result of this study was assessed using the Association for the Study of Applications of Methods of Ilizarov (ASAMI) scoring system. Therefore, the final results were: Failure rate with 2 limbs 5%, Poor with 2 limbs 5%, Fair with 2 limbs 5%, Good with 8 limbs 20%, and Excellent with 26 limbs 65%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the Ilizarov method is an attractive alternative method used for the management of selected fibular hemimelic patients having three or more toes who are refusing amputation

Online Peer Groups as a Persuasive Tool to Combat Digital Addiction

Digital Addiction (DA) denotes a problematic usage of digital devices characterised by properties such as being compulsive, impulsive, excessive and hasty. DA is associated with negative behaviours such as anxiety and depression. “Digital Detox” programs have started to appear and are mainly based on a relatively expensive and heavyweight in-patient care utilising traditional solutions such as motivational interviews and cognitive behavioural therapies. For moderate addiction, persuasive technology could have potential, as a brief intervention, to assist users to regulate their usage. This paper explores the design of online peer groups as a persuasive technique that puts together people who share a common interest in combating their DA or in helping others to do so. We conducted empirical research to explore design aspects of this mechanism. The results raise a range of questions and challenges to address when developing such a technique for the behaviour change needed against DA

Software simulation for the study of the fiber optic properties and its impact on the output power

The planning fiber optic properties are one of the important fields in fiber optic communication systems. In this article a software simulation proposed to study the main properties of single mode fiber and impact on the output power. This is because fiber optics has many advantages, including a small transmission loss, so it is used for high-speed data transmission. Dispersion is the main factor limiting performance. By simulating an optical communication device model and using the system's most suitable settings that include power inputs (dB), the length of the optical cable (km) and attenuation coefficient (dB /km) which belongs to the fiber optics, different parameters were calculated in this project, including the recipient's decibel energy. From the monitors at the end of transmission link like as (OTDV, OSA, and WDM Analyzer) the overall system behaviors show good result

Exploring The Risk Factors of Interactive E-health Interventions for Digital Addiction

Digital Addiction refers to a problematic usage of digital devices characterised by being excessive, compulsive, impulsive and hasty. It is often associated with negative life experience such as anxiety and depression. To combat Digital Addiction, interactive e-health intervention applications started to appear to aid users adjust their usage style. The present study aims to understand the risks related to such e-health interventions. The authors conducted an empirical research to investigate such risks from users’ perspectives through a diary study. Fourteen participants were recruited and asked to install popular “digital diet” applications and use them for two weeks and record their significant moments. The authors then interviewed the participants to discuss their experience. Self-governed interactive e-health intervention for digital addiction could lead to adverse side effects such as lower self-esteem, misconception of the healthy usage and creating an alternative addictive experience. Thus, there is a need for theory-based development and rigorous testing for such e-health solution

Darboux Integrability of a Generalized 3D Chaotic Sprott ET9 System

في هذا البحث تم دراسة التكامل الاول من نوع داربوكس لتعميم النظام الفوضوي الثلاثي الابعاد Sprott ET9 . حيث وضحنا ان النظام لايمتلك متعددة حدود . دالة كسرية, تحليلية والداربوكس للتكامل الاول لاي قيمتين a و b. كما استطعنا ابجاد متعددة  حدود داربوكس لهذا النظام بقرب المفكوك الاسي. باستخدام وزن متعددة الحدود المتجانسة التي ساعدتنا في برهان الطريقة.In this paper, the first integrals of Darboux type of the generalized Sprott ET9 chaotic system will be studied. This study showed that the system has no polynomial, rational, analytic and Darboux first integrals for any value of . All the Darboux polynomials for this system were derived together with its exponential factors. Using the weight homogenous polynomials helped us prove the process

Impact of Transformational Leadership Training Program on Nurse's Unit Manager Behavior Change

First-line managers can influence the success of health care organizations because of their management role, especially at the unit level. Adopting transformational leadership behavior helps in the success of the organization (Laoha vichien, 2009). Training program for first-line managers has become a task that organizations today should pay attention to (Luu, Nguyen,2012).Aim of the study: was to evaluate impact of transformational leadership training program on nurse’s unit manager behavior change at El-Minia University Hospital. A sample was consisted of (35) heads of the unit. Data were collected by using three tools (1) The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ) Leader Form is a self-administered questionnaire (2) The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire MLQ) Leader observational Form (3) Knowledge Questionnaire Sheet (Pre and post- test). Results: levels of nursing managers' total knowledge were significant improved post than pre –program, there is statistically significant improvement of nurse managers perception and skills regarding multi-factional questioners dimension items post1 and post2 program than preprogram. Conclusion: After the training program implemented, their knowledge, perceptions and skills significantly improved toward transformational leadership style. Recommendation:  continuous designing of training programs for head nurses to improve transformational leadership style and empower the culture of transformational organizational and Coaching in transformational leadership might help to equip leaders with behaviors skill lacking in their repertoire. Keywords: First-line managers, transformational leadership, training program

On solving fuzzy delay differential equation using bezier curves

In this article, we plan to use Bezier curves method to solve linear fuzzy delay differential equations. A Bezier curves method is presented and modified to solve fuzzy delay problems taking the advantages of the fuzzy set theory properties. The approximate solution with different degrees is compared to the exact solution to confirm that the linear fuzzy delay differential equations process is accurate and efficient. Numerical example is explained and analyzed involved first order linear fuzzy delay differential equations to demonstrate these proper features of this proposed problem

Blockchain Technology and Knowledge Sharing “State of the art”

This study aims to provide a literature review on blockchain and knowledge sharing, as it seeks to investigate the beginning and emergence of the technology and how it was employed in the field of knowledge sharing, starting from the emergence of this technology through its automated applications in various fields, to the future directions. The historical method was used, which aims to review the published literature in English and Arabic in the research field. The study concluded several results, the most important of which is the need to conduct further studies on the subject of blockchain technology and how to employ it as an emerging technology that has its own merits, in knowledge management processe

Molecularly Tracing of Children Exposure Pathways to Environmental Persistent Organic Pollutants and the Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk

Organic pollutants (OPs) including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have showed neuro-damaging effects, but studies concerning the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk are limited. A case-control study with ASD (n=125) and healthy control (n=125) children was conducted on the different land use settings across Punjab, Pakistan. Serum concentrations of 26 OCPs, 29 PCB congeners, 11 PBDEs and 32 PAHs were measured. Serum PCB77 (AOR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.43, 2.18), PCB118 (AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.00), PCB128 (AOR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.91), PCB153 (AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.55, 1.93) were significantly higher, but PCB187 (AOR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.49) was significantly lower in the ASD cases when compared to the controls. Serum BDE99 (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.89) was significantly higher in the healthy controls than in the ASD cases. Among the analysed OCPs, p,p′-DDE (AOR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.85) was significantly elevated in the ASD cases with comparison in the controls. For PAHs, serum dibenzothiophene (AOR = 7.30; 95% CI: 1.49, 35.85) was significantly higher in the ASD, while perylene (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.06, 1.10) and fluorene (AOR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.72) were significantly higher in the controls. In addition, many of the serum pollutants were significantly associated with GSTT1, GSTM1 (null/present polymorphism) and presented the genotypic variation to respond xenobiotics in children. The children living in proximity to urban and industrial areas had a greater exposure to most of the studied pollutants when compared to the rural children, however children residing in rural areas showed higher exposure to OCPs. This comprehensive study documents an association between environmental exposure risk of several organic pollutants (OPs) from some contaminated environmental settings with ASD risk in children from Pakistan

Prevalencia de dientes impactados entre una muestra de población yemení y su asociación con el sexo y la edad.

Aim: the aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of impacted teeth and its association with sex and age among a sample of the Yemeni population. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study design was employed. The study included 999 radiographical records of patients who had panoramic X- rays previously done. All radiographs were assessed for the number and type of impacted teeth, pathology-associated impaction, sex, age and location (mandible and/or maxilla). The collected data was analyzed using SPSS®version21 software. Results: The study sample comprised digital panoramic radiographs of Yemeni patients aged 17 to 54 years (mean 26.6 years). The present study found 542 patients (54.3%) presented with at least one impacted tooth. The 17 to 25 years age group of the study sample had the highest prevalence of tooth impaction (28.6%). Only 10 (1.0%) case presented pathologies associated with the impacted teeth. There was a significant difference in the number of male 203 (20.3%) and female 339 (33.9%) patients with impacted teeth (p=0.031). Impacted teeth occurred slightly more often in the mandible (42.8%) compared to the maxilla (42.4%). Conclusion: The prevalence of impacted teeth among a sample of Yemeni population was high. Third molars and canines were the most common impacted teeth. The prevalence of impacted teeth in females was higher than in males and it was higher in the mandible than in the maxilla, with the younger patients with a higher prevalence of impaction.Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de dientes impactados y su asociación con el sexo y la edad en una muestra de la población yemení. Material y Métodos: se empleó un diseño de estudio transversal. El estudio incluyó 999 registros radiográficos de pacientes con radiografías panorámicas realizadas previamente. Todas las radiografías fueron evaluadas en relación al número y tipo de dientes impactados, patología asociada a la impactación, sexo, edad y ubicación (mandíbula y/o maxilar). Los datos recopilados se analizaron utilizando el software SPSS® version 21. Resultados: La muestra del estudio comprendió radiografías panorámicas digitales de pacientes yemeníes entre 17 a 54 años (media 26,6 años). El presente estudio encontró que 542 pacientes (54,3%) presentaron al menos un diente impactado. El grupo de edad de 17 a 25 años de la muestra de estudio tuvo la mayor prevalencia de impactación dental (28,6%). Solo 10 casos (1,0%) presentaron patologías asociadas a los dientes impactados. Hubo una diferencia significativa en el número de pacientes masculinos 203 (20.3%) y femeninos 339 (33.9%) con dientes impactados (p=0.031). Los dientes impactados ocurrieron con un poco más de frecuencia en la mandíbula (42.8%) en comparación con el maxilar (42.4%). Conclusión: La prevalencia de dientes impactados entre una muestra de población yemení fue alta. Los terceros molares y caninos fueron los dientes más comúnmente impactados. La prevalencia de dientes impactados en las mujeres fue mayor que en los hombres y fue mayor en la mandíbula que en el maxilar, y los pacientes más jóvenes mostraron una mayor prevalencia de impactación