23 research outputs found
Comparison of side effects of oxytetracycline and talc pleurodesis: an experimental study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chemical pleurodesis is widely recommended in the treatment of refractory pleural effusion or pulmonary air leak of different etiologies. Although several agents have been used, many questions have remained unanswered about their toxicity. Talc is the most commonly used agent for the treatment, with rare, serious complications reported. Oxytetracycline pleurodesis in clinical practice has been described in a few studies, but literature reveals no experimental studies using this agent. We performed a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded, controlled study to evaluate the changes in lung histology and systemic response to pleurodesis with oxytetracycline and talc in acute and subacute phases in a rat model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty-two male albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups and 3 subgroups with 7 animals in each. Group 1 was given oxytetracycline, 35 mg/kg; Group 2 was given talc slurry, 60 mg/kg in 0.5 mL saline solution, and Group 3 was given only 0.5 mL saline intrapleurally. In subgroups "a" the nimls were sacrificed at the postoperative 72<sup>nd </sup>hour and, in subgroups "b", on the postoperative day 7. The surfaces were graded by microscopic examination.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Oxytetracycline produced alveolar collapse, hemorrhage, edema, inflammation at the postoperative 72<sup>nd </sup>hour and hemorrhage on the postoperative day 7, while talc produced significant edema, inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis at the postoperative 72<sup>nd </sup>hour and hemorrhage, edema, inflammation, proliferation, and fibrosis on the postoperative day 7 (p < 0,0042). Talc produced significant edema compared to oxytetracycline on the postoperative day 7. On contralateral side, oxytetracycline and talc produced significant hemorrhage on the postoperative day 7 (p < 0.0042).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Both agents were shown to produce pulmonary lesions. In acute phase, the pulmonary side effects of oxytetracycline were more pronounced, whereas the side effects of talc were prolonged to subacute phase. We propose that the occasional side effects in humans may be related to these changes as were observed in our rat model, and like talc, oxytetracycline must be used cautiously in patients with limited respiratory function.</p
N-(4-MethÂoxy-2-nitroÂphenÂyl)-N-(methylÂsulfonÂyl)acetamide
In the title compound, C10H12N2O6S, the nitro group is twisted slightly out of the plane of the aromatic ring, forming a dihedral angle of 20.79â
(1)°. In the crystal, the molÂecules arrange themselves as a chain along the a axis through interÂmolecular CâHâŻO interÂactions
Evaluation of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Findings in Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Objective: To compare diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings of the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and corpus callosum (CC) in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and a healthy control (HC) group. Materials and Methods: The CIS (n = 10), RRMS (n = 29), and HC (n = 13) groups were evaluated by DTI in this retrospective study. Mean diffusion (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps as well as MD and FA measurements were made from the corpus callosum genu (CCG), corpus callosum splenium (CCS), and NAWM areas from the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal lobes. Results: The mean FA values of the NAWM in the temporal lobes were bilaterally lower in both the CIS and RRMS groups than in the HC group. However, no difference was found between the CIS and RRMS groups. In addition, the CIS group had lower FA values in the CCG, whereas the RRMS group had lower FA values in the CCS compared with the HC group. The MD values were significantly different in the CCG between the RRMS and HC groups. Conclusion: DTI contributes to detecting early changes in the NAWM and CC in patients diagnosed with CIS and RRMS. Additionally, DTI can aid in the follow-up care and management of these patients
MediciĂłn de subsidencia del terreno causada por sobreexplotaciĂłn de acuĂferos mediante herramientas GEP: A-DInSAR en la nube
[EN] Groundwater is a vitally important resource for humans. One of the main problems derived from the overexploitation of
aquifers is land subsidence, which in turn carries other associated natural risks. Advanced Differential satellite radar
interferometry (A-DInSAR) techniques provide valuable information on the surface displacements of the ground, which
serve to characterize both the deformational behaviour of the aquifer and its properties. RESERVOIR is a research project
belonging to the European PRIMA programme, whose main objective is to design sustainable groundwater management
models through the study of four areas of the Mediterranean subjected to water stress. One of the main tasks of the project
is the integration of the terrain deformation data obtained with satellite remote sensing techniques in the hydrogeological
and geomechanical models of the aquifers. In the present work, a first evaluation of the deformation of the ground in each
study area is carried out using the tools contained in the Geohazards Exploitation Platform (GEP). This is a service financed
by the European Space Agency (ESA) that allows processing directly on its server, without need to store data or
applications locally.[ES] Las aguas subterrĂĄneas son un recurso de vital importancia para el ser humano. Una de las principales problemĂĄticas
derivadas de la sobreexplotaciĂłn de acuĂferos es la subsidencia del terreno, que a su vez lleva asociados otros riesgos
naturales. Las tĂ©cnicas avanzadas de interferometrĂa radar diferencial de satĂ©lite (A-DInSAR) aportan informaciĂłn muy
valiosa sobre los desplazamientos superficiales del terreno, que sirven para caracterizar tanto el comportamiento
geomecĂĄnico del acuĂfero como sus propiedades. RESERVOIR es un proyecto de investigaciĂłn perteneciente al programa
europeo PRIMA, cuyo principal objetivo es diseñar modelos sostenibles de gestión de aguas subterråneas mediante el
estudio de cuatro zonas del MediterrĂĄneo sometidas a estrĂ©s hĂdrico. Una de las principales tareas del proyecto es la
integración de los datos de deformación del terreno obtenidos con técnicas de teledetección por satélite en los modelos
hidrogeolĂłgicos y geomecĂĄnicos de los acuĂferos. En el presente trabajo se realiza una primera evaluaciĂłn de la
deformaciĂłn del terreno en cada zona de estudio utilizando las herramientas contenidas en la Geohazards Exploitation
Platform (GEP). Este servicio financiado por la Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA) permite realizar procesados directamente
en su servidor, sin necesidad de almacenar datos ni aplicaciones en local.This work was supported by RESERVOIR project, which is part of the PRIMA Programme supported under Horizon 2020 the European Union's Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. Grant Agreement number: [1924] [RESERVOIR] [Call 2019 Section 1 Water RIA]. Copernicus Sentinel-1 IW SAR data were provided and processed in ESAâs Geohazards Exploitation Platform (GEP), in the framework of the GEP Early Adopters Programme.Bru, G.; Ezquerro, P.; Guardiola-Albert, C.; BĂ©jar-Pizarro, M.; Herrera, G.; TomĂĄs, R.; Navarro-HernĂĄndez, M.... (2021). Land subsidence analysis caused by aquifer overexploitation using GEP tools: A-DInSAR on the cloud. En Proceedings 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Editorial Universitat PolitĂšcnica de ValĂšncia. 127-136. https://doi.org/10.4995/CiGeo2021.2021.12722OCS12713
Stakeholdersâ Perspective on Groundwater Management in Four Water-Stressed Mediterranean Areas: Priorities and Challenges
Recent studies highlight the fragility of the Mediterranean basin against climate stresses and the difficulties of managing the sustainable development of groundwater resources. In this work, the main issues related to groundwater management have been identified from the stakeholderâs perspective in the following four representative water-stressed Mediterranean areas: the coastal aquifer of Comacchio (Italy), the Alto GuadalentĂn aquifer (Spain), the alluvial aquifer of the Gediz River basin (Turkey), and the Azraq aquifer (Azraq Wetland Reserve, Jordan). This has been achieved by designing a methodology to involve and engage a representative set of stakeholders, including a questionnaire to learn their point of view concerning the current management of aquifer systems and their experience with the already available tools for groundwater resource management, such as monitoring networks and numerical models. The outcome of the survey has allowed us to identify both particular and common challenges among the four study sites and among the various groups of stakeholders. This information provides valuable insights to improve the transfer of scientific knowledge from the research centers to the authorities managing the groundwater resources and it will help to plan more effective research activities on aquifer management. The proposed methodology could be applied in other aquifers facing similar problems.This study has received funding in the framework of the RESERVOIR project: (sustainable groundwater RESources managEment by integrating eaRth observation deriVed monitoring and flOw modelIng Results), funded by the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) programme supported by the European Union (Grant Agreement 1924; https://reservoir-prima.org/, accessed on 13 March 2022). The research was also funded by the University of Pavia in the framework of a research grant award âassegno di tipo A premialeâ for research activities at the Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, within the research project entitled âSustainable groundwater resources management by integrating A-DInSAR derived monitoring and flow modeling resultsâ assigned to Roberta BonĂŹ from March 2019 to February 2021
Stakeholdersâ Perspective on Groundwater Management in Four Water-Stressed Mediterranean Areas: Priorities and Challenges
none21sĂŹopenBonĂŹ, Roberta; Teatini, Pietro; Zoccarato, Claudia; Guardiola-Albert, Carolina; Ezquerro, Pablo; Bru, Guadalupe; TomĂĄs, Roberto; Valdes-Abellan, Javier; Pla, Conception; Navarro-HernĂĄndez, MarĂa I.; Elçi, Alper; Ăaylak, Baris; Ăren, Ali Hakan; Shatanawi, Khaldoun; Mohammad, Alsharifa Hind; Hajar, Husam Abu; Letterio, Tommaso; Genovesi, Roberto; Hreisha, Hazem; Al-Mimi, Qamar; Meisina, ClaudiaBonĂŹ, Roberta; Teatini, Pietro; Zoccarato, Claudia; Guardiola-Albert, Carolina; Ezquerro, Pablo; Bru, Guadalupe; TomĂĄs, Roberto; Valdes-Abellan, Javier; Pla, Conception; Navarro-HernĂĄndez, MarĂa I.; Elçi, Alper; Ăaylak, Baris; Ăren, Ali Hakan; Shatanawi, Khaldoun; Mohammad, Alsharifa Hind; Hajar, Husam Abu; Letterio, Tommaso; Genovesi, Roberto; Hreisha, Hazem; Al-Mimi, Qamar; Meisina, Claudi