Pandemia Covid 19 : situación actual y recomendaciones para contenerla

En la presentación, el Dr. Alfonso Rosales inició con una breve descripción de la situación actual del COVID 19. Mencionó que es característico que existan picos de infección; actualmente, a nivel mundial, se está saliendo del tercer pico de la enfermedad y se empieza a formar el cuarto, en el que ha habido un incremento de casos y muertes. Se espera que con el aumento de la cobertura de vacunación y de información, la gravedad no sea tan alta como las anteriores; para ello, será clave continuar practicando las medidas de prevención. En El Salvador, el acceso a la información es uno de los retos para el manejo de la pandemia, así como aumentar la participación de las municipalidades y las comunidades, para que las personas puedan tener un rol activo en colaborar para la contención de la epidemia, por eso es importante que exista transparencia en el acceso a la información

Propuesta para la creación de Centros Autosuficientes de Imágenes Médicas para establecimientos de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social

The Public Health System of Costa Rica faces a problem of concentration and misdistribution of resources, specifically in the imaging centers (IC) and therefore in the auxiliary diagnostic studies of its kind. For that reason, this work presents a methodology for health technology management that proposes a solution that helps the System to decentralize and optimize the service offered by the State. The first stage of this work consisted in the identification of the IC concentration problem. For that a general analysis was performed, in the Costa Rican Social Security (institution responsible for the provision of health services), its health care centers and the technological capacity of their IC. Then, a study was carried out to characterize the actual demand of the diagnostic imaging services, through a demographic and an epidemiological analysis. Subsequently, a solution model was proposed to solve the problem of resource concentration: first, a method was generated to estimate quantitatively the level of the access to the IC that the inhabitants have in a particular geographical region; second, the concept of a Self-sufficient Medical Imaging Center (SMIC) was defined and with that, several procedures and criteria to estimate theoretically, the number of resources that a IC needs to achieve the self-sufficiency in the provision of the service; third, an additional method was created to perform a qualitative analysis of the viability to convert a IC in to a SMIC. In the final stage of the work, the solution model was validated under real conditions of the Social Security. For that, eight medical centers networks were selected (corresponding to different geographical regions of the country) and for each region the estimation of the level of access to the IC was performed, that allowed the classification in networks with “good”, “regular” and “bad” access. Afterward, to evaluate the current technological, human and infrastructural resource capacity, an assessment to the IC of each network was performed; followed by a theoretical estimation of the number of resources that each network should have in order to supply the people’s demands. Finally, a multivariate analysis was completed, to find the relationship between the investment, the benefit to the people and priority of a region, to perform a conversion of an IC to an SMIC. That way and supported by the obtained results, we can assert that the proposed methodology for health technology management, works to achieve the objectives of this workEn Costa Rica, el Sistema de Salud Público padece de un problema de concentración y mala distribución de sus recursos, particularmente de los servicios de imaginología y por tanto de este tipo de estudios de diagnóstico auxiliar. Por tal motivo, en este trabajo se desarrolló una metodología de gestión tecnológica, en la que se propuso una solución que coadyuvaría a descentralizar y optimizar el servicio ofrecido por el Estado. La primera etapa del trabajo consistió en la identificación del problema de concentración de los servicios de imaginología (SI). Para ello se realizó un análisis general de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social (institución encargada de la prestación de los servicios de salud), de su red de establecimientos y de la capacidad tecnológica que tienen sus SI. Luego a través de un análisis demográfico y otro epidemiológico, se llevó a cabo un estudio para caracterizar la demanda real de la población de los servicios de diagnóstico por imágenes. Posteriormente se propuso un modelo de solución al problema de concentración: primero, se generó un método para estimar de manera cuantitativa el nivel de acceso a los SI que tienen los habitantes de una región geográfica particular; segundo, se definió el concepto de un Centro Autosuficiente de Imágenes Médicas (CAIM) y se generaron una serie de procedimientos y criterios para realizar una estimación teórica de los recursos que tiene que tener un SI para lograr la autosuficiencia en la prestación del servicio; tercero, se generó un método para realizar un análisis cualitativo sobre la viabilidad que existe para que un SI logre convertirse en un CAIM. En la etapa final del trabajo, el modelo de solución fue validado bajo condiciones reales del Seguro Social. Se seleccionaron 8 Subredes de establecimientos (que corresponden a regiones geográficas independientes) y en cada una de ellas se realizó la estimación del acceso a los servicios de imagenología que tienen sus habitantes, esto permitió clasificar a las Subredes según su nivel de acceso en bueno, regular o malo. Posteriormente, se llevó a cabo una evaluación in situ a un SI de cada Subred, para conocer su capacidad de atención en función del número de recursos (tecnológicos, humanos y de infraestructura) con los que dispone actualmente. A continuación, se realizó una estimación teórica de los recursos que debería tener cada Subred, para satisfacer la demanda que su población genera. Y por último, se realizó un análisis multivariado entre la inversión, el beneficio y la prioridad que tiene cada Subred para realizar una conversión de un SI a un CAIM. De tal manera, y soportado por los resultados obtenidos, es posible afirmar que la metodología de gestión tecnológica propuesta, funcionó para cumplir con los objetivos del trabajo

Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral en el personal de salud de un hospital nacional. Lima-2023

El estudio de investigación se realizó en servicios asistenciales de un hospital nacional, tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral en personal asistencial de un hospital nacional. La investigación es de tipo básica, de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, corte transversal, y de nivel correlacional. La muestra fue de 100 profesionales de la salud que realizan funciones asistenciales del hospital del niño San Borja, se utilizó el cuestionario sugerido por el MINSA (2011) para medir clima organizacional en salud, y para el desempeño laboral, se usó el cuestionario de Koompans (2015), que evalúa el rendimiento en el trabajo en todas las áreas. Los resultados fueron clima organizacional no saludable y por mejorar en 40%, y 20% saludable, en el desempeño laboral fue bajo y medio en 40%, y 20% alto, se determinó relación significativa entre las dos variables (0.000), con una correlación alta (0.750) directamente proporcional, se identificó significancia estadística en todas las dimensiones del clima organizacional y desempeño laboral, presentando una correlación alta y muy alta, directamente proporcional, concluyendo que un mejor clima laboral, representa un mejor desempeño en el trabajo

An Effective Power Dispatch of Photovoltaic Generators in DC Networks via the Antlion Optimizer

This paper studies the problem regarding the optimal power dispatch of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generators (DGs) in Direct Current (DC) grid-connected and standalone networks. The mathematical model employed considers the reduction of operating costs, energy losses, and CO2 emissions as objective functions, and it integrates all technical and operating constraints implied by DC grids in a scenario of variable PV generation and power demand. As a solution methodology, a master–slave strategy was proposed, whose master stage employs Antlion Optimizer (ALO) for identifying the values of power to be dispatched by each PV-DG installed in the grid, whereas the slave stage uses a matrix hourly power flow method based on successive approximations to evaluate the objective functions and constraints associated with each solution proposed within the iterative process of the ALO. Two test scenarios were considered: a grid-connected network that considers the operating characteristics of the city of Medellín, Antioquia, and a standalone network that uses data from the municipality of Capurganá, Chocó, both of them located in Colombia. As comparison methods, five continuous optimization methods were used which were proposed in the specialized literature to solve optimal power flow problems in DC grids: the crow search algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the multiverse optimization algorithm, the salp swarm algorithm, and the vortex search algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated in terms of the solution, its repeatability, and its processing times, and it obtained the best results with respect to the comparison methods for both grid types. The simulation results obtained for both test systems evidenced that the proposed methodology obtained the best results with regard to the solution, with short processing times for all of the objective functions analyzed

Feria franca Bragado

A partir del Plan Ganados y Carnes del MAGPyA se elaboró un Proyecto de Integración Vertical en Producción Porcina, aprobado el mismo y, por decreto 319/10 (Plan Cerdos) de la Municipalidad de Bragado, se puso en ejecución la propuesta que incluía, en su última etapa, la promoción de la comercialización de carne de cerdo (Porker) en distintas instancias de la cadena minorista..Una de las variantes consistió en organizar un trozado de capones en una sala comunitaria y su posterior venta en una Feria Municipal.Eje: Experiencias socio-organizativasUniversidad Nacional de La Plat

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AS A FACTOR OF COMPETITIVENESS IN FAMILY COMPANIES OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN TIJUANA, B.C., MEXICO

Purpose: The present study contemplates an investigation to know the relationship that exists between the organizational behavior as the factor of competitiveness in the familiar companies of the service sector in Tijuana, B.C.; the fact that companies have an organizational climate not only benefits the human resource itself but also the company conjointly as it generates profits, while raising the quality of human resources and forging an organization with strengths that position it into the market as a competitive company Methodology: 168 representative surveys were carried out on the employees of the family service sector companies registered in the Mexican Business Information System (SIEM), corresponding to Tijuana in Baja California, Mexico. The survey was conducted in the last eight months of 2016 and the first four months of 2017. The quantitative research is applied through survey applications, by questionnaires to the employees of family companies in the service sector to obtain the results. Main Findings: The factors of autonomy, teamwork, support, communication, pressure, recognition, equity, innovation, perception of the organization, motivation, remuneration, training and development, physical and cultural environment, vision, general satisfaction, promotion and career have a direct impact on organizational behavior, as factors of competitiveness in Tijuana, BC, Mexico Implications/Applications: Organizational behavior is important for family businesses and due to the difficult environment faced by family businesses in order to be competitive in our country and in global markets; a good option for owners is to invest in organizational behavior as a market strategy

Photocatalytic Decomposition of Metoprolol and Its Intermediate Organic Reaction Products: Kinetics and Degradation Pathway

High purity metoprolol prepared by neutraliza-tion of an aqueous solution of metoprolol tartrate is efficiently mineralized to CO2 and water by photocatalysis with TiO2, UV light and a constant flow rate of oxygen. Since the tartrate anions were eliminated, all the HO•generated by photocatalysis reacted efficiently with the aromatic part of the medication. The reaction pathway includes two routes of degradation. The first one includes the transformation of metoprolol to hydroquinone via formation of 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenol, 2-(4-hydroxyphe-nyl)ethanol and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Metoprolol is also degraded directly to hydroquinone. Then, this aro-matic compound is oxidized to 1,2,4-benzenetriol, which is rapidly oxidized to low molecular weight organic acids before being completely mineralized to CO2 and water. Kinetic studies indicated that the initial reaction rate of the degradation of metoprolol, 4-(2ethoxyethyl)phenol, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde is described by the LH-HW model

Metal-Semiconductor Interfaces in Thin-Film Transistors

The metal-semiconductor interface in thin-film transistors (TFTs) is one of the bottlenecks on the development of these devices. Although this interface does not play an active role in the transistor operation, a low-quality interface can be responsible for a low performance operation. In a-Si TFTs, a doped film can be used to improve this interface, however, in other TFT technologies, there is no doped film to be used. In this chapter, some alternatives to improve this interface are analysed. Also, the influence of this interface on the electrical stability of these devices is presented

Amorphous, Polymorphous, and Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Films Deposited by Plasma at Low Temperatures

The present chapter is devoted to the study of amorphous (a-Si:H), polymorphous (pm-Si:H), and microcrystalline (μc-Si:H) silicon, deposited by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique at low temperatures. We have studied the main deposition parameters that have strong influence on the optical, electrical, and structural properties of the polymorphous and microcrystalline materials. Our results reveal the key deposition conditions for obtained films with optical and electrical characteristics, which are suitable for applications on thin-film solar cells and semiconductor devices

Application of the arithmetic optimization algorithm to solve the optimal power flow problem in direct current networks

This article presents a methodology to solve to the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem in Direct Current (DC) networks using the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA) and Successive Approximation (SA). This master-slave methodology solves the OPF problem in two stages: the master stage estimates the solution to the OPF problem considering its constraints and variables, and the slave stage assesses the fitness of the solution proposed by the master stage. To validate the methodology suggested in this article, three test systems cited multiple times in the literature were used: the 10, 21 and the 69 nodes test systems. In addition, three scenarios varying the allowable power limits for the Distributed Generators (DGs) are presented; thus, the methodology explores solutions under different conditions. To prove its efficiency and robustness, the solution was compared with four other methods reported in the literature: Ant Lion Optimization (ALO), Black Hole Optimization (BHO), the Continuous Genetic Algorithm (CGA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The results show that the methodology proposed here to reduce power losses presents the best solution in terms of standard deviation. © 2022 The Author