Originality and Mediterranean stimuli in the Iberian ceramics: the example of Elche

En este trabajo analizamos la iconografía de la cerámica ibérica del Sudeste español centrándonos en el ejemplo de Elche (Alicante), cuyo floruit productivo se sitúa en época helenística (III-I a.C). Frente a las interpretaciones comparatistas anteriores, que buscaban en la representación local un simple reflejo de otras culturas mediterráneas, a través fundamentalmente de los modelos figurativos griegos y púnicos, proponemos aquí un modelo que explique internamente estas imágenes, sin renunciar, por otra parte, en casos concretos a reconocer en ellas una determinada influencia formal —y hasta religiosa— helenizante o púnica. Las representaciones vegetal, animal y humana constituyen una estructura orgánica en la cual los elementos se sustituyen alternativamente codefiniéndose unos a otros. Las excepciones aparentes pueden hallar una justificación interna dentro del propio universo figurativo ibérico.Dans ce travail, nous analysons l'iconographie de la céramique ibérique du Sud-Est espagnol, nous centrant sur l'exemple d'Elche (dpt. Alicante), dont le fíoruit se situé á l'époque hellénistique (lile á 1er s. a.C). Face aux interprétations comparatistes antérieures, qui essayaient de voir la représentation lócale comme un simple reflet d'autres cultures méditerranéennes, á travers fondamentalement les mondes figuratifs grecs et puniques, nous proposons ici un modele qui explique internement ees images, sans pour autant renoncer, dans des cas concrets, á y reconnaitre une influence formelle —et religieuse— hellénisante ou punique. Les représentations végétale, anímale et humaine constituent une structure organique dans laque- He les éléments se remplacent alternativement ou se codéfinissent les uns les autres, et dans laquelle les exceptions apparentes peuvent trouver une justification interne dans Punivers figuratif ibérique lui-méme

Oral Administration of N-acetylcysteine Improves Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats

To evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent ROS scavenger and thiol group supplier, on normoglycemic and diabetic rats, the animals received 50 or 200 mg/kg NAC by gavage daily for 45 days. The results showed a lack of uniformity in acetylcholinesterase activity among the four cerebral structures. While neither dose of NAC produced significant hypoglycemic activity, 50 mg/kg NAC partially reverted the weight loss of diabetics and was effective in restoring aminolevulinate dehydratase activity and non-protein thiol content in liver, and in diminishing serum protein carbonylation. The dose of 200 mg/kg NAC presented some negative effects per se in both the antioxidant and cholinergic systems. In conclusion, 50 mg/kg NAC produced an improvement in some parameters suggesting NAC as a possible drug in antioxidant therapies against diabetic state. However, future studies are necessary to investigate the better dose of this compound to counteract its undesirable effects

Risco de zoonose por parasitos do trato digestório de jundiás (rhamdia quellen) coletados em reservatório de água da região central do Rio Grande do Sul

Zoonosis caused by larvae from the Anisakidae family, due to ingestion of raw fish meat could bring pathological alterations in the digestive system. This way, fifty three jundias (or silver catfish) (Rhamdia quelen) were collected from the Costa e Silva dam which is used for water captation to the provision of Santa Maria City (RS), between September 2005 and August 2006. Gastrointestinal parasites infection were observed in 41 individuals (77,35%), belonging to Anisakidae family, and one individual belonging to the Contracaecum species. Data analysis justify the importance of sanitary control in fishes to avoid human risk.A zoonose causada por larvas da família Anisakidae, através da ingestão de carne crua de peixes, pode trazer alterações patológicas no Sistema Digestório. Desta maneira, cinqüenta e três peixes jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) foram coletados do Reservatório Costa e Silva, utilizado para captação de água para abastecimento da cidade de Santa Maria (RS), entre setembro de 2005 e agosto de 2006. Dentre esses peixes, foi observada infecção por parasitos gastrintestinais em 41 indivíduos (77,35%), havendo classificação dos parasitos como pertencentes à família Anisakidae, e 1 indivíduo como do gênero Contracaecum. A análise dos dados justifica a importância no controle sanitário de pescados de modo a evitar riscos aos seres humanos

<b>Ammonia excretion at different life stages of silver catfish</b> - 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i1.11898

This study examined ammonia excretion at different life stages (eggs, larvae and juveniles) in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and determined the influence of fasting time on ammonia excretion. Eggs and larvae were collected from incubators at different times after fecundation and placed in chambers. Juveniles were separated into two weight classes (2–50 g and 150-320 g) and placed in individual chambers after feeding. Water was collected from each chamber to determine ammonia excretion. Ammonia excretion by the eggs was low, but when hatching began approximately 28h after fecundation, excretion increased until 48h after fecundation. In fasting silver catfish juveniles, there was a significant negative correlation between ammonia excretion and weight. Moreover, ammonia excretion decreased significantly after 12 and 48h of fasting (compared to 6h fasting) in the smallest and largest specimens, respectively. Consequently, during incubation of silver catfish eggs, water renovation must be increased at hatching time to avoid a build-up in the concentration of ammonia. In addition, as ammonia excretion in this species increases after feeding, feed must be discontinued when ammonia levels in the tanks are high to avoid a further increase of this metabolite and consequent mortality of silver catfish

Excreção de amônia em diferentes estágios de vida do jundiá

Submitted by Thainã Moraes ([email protected]) on 2012-06-18T18:05:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ammonia excretion at different life stages of silver catfish.pdf: 626447 bytes, checksum: d17bfa1b9ef51bb475276ba773daf361 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sabrina Andrade([email protected]) on 2012-11-08T18:35:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ammonia excretion at different life stages of silver catfish.pdf: 626447 bytes, checksum: d17bfa1b9ef51bb475276ba773daf361 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-11-08T18:35:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ammonia excretion at different life stages of silver catfish.pdf: 626447 bytes, checksum: d17bfa1b9ef51bb475276ba773daf361 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012This study examined ammonia excretion at different life stages (eggs, larvae and juveniles) in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) and determined the influence of fasting time on ammonia excretion. Eggs and larvae were collected from incubators at different times after fecundation and placed in chambers. Juveniles were separated into two weight classes (2–50 g and 150-320 g) and placed in individual chambers after feeding. Water was collected from each chamber to determine ammonia excretion. Ammonia excretion by the eggs was low, but when hatching began approximately 28h after fecundation, excretion increased until 48h after fecundation. In fasting silver catfish juveniles, there was a significant negative correlation between ammonia excretion and weight. Moreover, ammonia excretion decreased significantly after 12 and 48h of fasting (compared to 6h fasting) in the smallest and largest specimens, respectively. Consequently, during incubation of silver catfish eggs, water renovation must be increased at hatching time to avoid a build-up in the concentration of ammonia. In addition, as ammonia excretion in this species increases after feeding, feed must be discontinued when ammonia levels in the tanks are high to avoid a further increase of this metabolite and consequent mortality of silver catfish.Verificou-se a excreção de amônia em diferentes estágios de vida (ovos, larvas e juvenis) e determinou-se a influência do tempo de jejum na excreção de amônia no jundiá, Rhamdia quelen. Ovos e larvas foram coletados das incubadoras em diferentes tempos após a fecundação e colocados em recipientes. Juvenis foram separados em duas classes de peso (2-50 e 150-320 g) e após a alimentação foram colocados em recipientes individuais. As águas foram coletadas de cada recipiente para determinação da excreção de amônia. A excreção de amônia pelos ovos foi baixa, mas iniciada a eclosão – 28h após a fecundação, ela aumentou até as 48h. Nos juvenis em jejum, houve significativa correlação negativa entre a excreção de amônia e o peso. Além disso, a excreção de amônia diminuiu significativamente após 12 e 48h de jejum nos espécimes menores e maiores, respectivamente. Portanto, a renovação da água deve ser aumentada no momento da eclosão dos ovos de jundiá para evitar aumento da concentração de amônia. Como nessa espécie a excreção de amônia aumenta após a alimentação, quando os níveis nos tanques forem elevados a alimentação deve ser suspensa para evitar aumento adicional deste metabólito e mortalidade

Salt in the food and water as a supportive therapy for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis infestation on silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fingerlings

This study verified the efficacy of common salt (NaCl) in the food and water as a supportive therapy for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and growth of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fingerlings. After appearance of the first white spots following experimental exposure, indicating infestation by this parasite, fish were transferred to eighteen 40-L polypropylene tanks and kept for 30 d. Experimental diets were prepared with five different levels of salt supplementation: 0.0, 1.2, 2.5, 5.0, and 6.0% for 30 d. In addition, another group of fish were fed a diet without salt supplementation but exposed to 4 g of salt/L of water. Fingerlings were collected at different times for analyses of whole-body Na+, K+, and Cl_. Dietary salt supplementation provoked a transitory increase in whole-body Na+, K+, and Cl_ in infested catfish fingerlings, but the best stabilization of these ion levels was observed in specimens exposed to salt in the water. Silver catfish fed a diet containing 1.2% salt showed higher weight and biomass after 30 d compared to those fed with 6% salt. The use of 4 g of salt/L of water improved survival of infested silver catfish, but dietary salt supplementation was ineffective as a therapy for ichthyophthiriasis

Survival and behavior of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, submitted to antibiotics and sodium chloride treatments

In order to evaluate the use of antibiotics and NaCl on the behavior and survival of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, infested by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, juveniles were treated with chloramphenicol, chloramphenicol + salt, oxytetracycline, oxytetracycline + salt and water alone (control). Fish survival in the treatments with chloramphenicol + salt and oxytetracycline + salt was significantly higher than in the other treatments. The treatment with chloramphenicol presented higher survival than the treatment with oxytetracycline and both showed significantly higher survival than control. Swimming activity was higher in the fish treated with antibiotics and salt compared to control fish. A combination of the studied antibiotics plus salt is more effective to treat both A. hydrophila infection and I. multifiliis infestation in silver catfish, but since the use of chloramphenicol is not allowed in Brazil, oxytetracycline plus salt seems to be the best treatment option