Effect of different resistance exercise repetition velocities on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption and energetic expenditure

The excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) consists of the excess oxygen consumed above a resting state following exercise. Performance of resistance exercise can significantly disrupt the body’s homeostasis, with the EPOC being dependent on the specific combination of prescriptive variables. Presently, the effects of different repetition velocities on VO2 and caloric expenditure during and following resistance exercise bouts have not been completely elucidated. Objective: To examine the effect of different repetition velocities on EPOC and total energetic expenditure during and following resistance exercise bouts. Methods: Twenty women (34.6 ± 5.5 years; 159 ± 4.1 cm; 55.1 ± 3.4 kg; 24±2.5 kg/m-²; 18.9 ± 4.3 % body fat) performed two resistance exercise bouts that differed only in the velocity of repetitions: sequence 1 (SEQ1) involved 1 second concentric and eccentric phases and sequence 2 (SEQ2) involved 2 second concentric and eccentric phases. Both bouts utilized a 70% of 1-RM load for all exercises, performed for 3 sets of 10 repetitions. The respired gas analysis was assessed before, during, and for 60 minutes following each bout. Results: None of the variables assessed (i.e. VO2, VCO2, VE/VO2, VE/ VCO2, VE, RQ) were significantly different between bouts (p \u3e 0.05). Conclusion: A relatively slower repetition velocity will produce similar energy expenditure during and following resistance exercise as a relatively faster repetition velocity, as long as the total volume is equal between resistance exercise bouts

Increment diameter models for Araucaria angustifolia from an Ombrophyllous Mixed Forest in the center-south of Paraná

O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a hipótese sobre a viabilidade em ajustar modelos capazes de estimar o incremento em diâmetro para a Araucaria angustifolia que ocorre naturalmente em uma Floresta Ombrófila Mista na Floresta Nacional de Irati, estado do Paraná, a partir de diversas tentativas de estratificação dos dados. Na floresta mencionada foram instaladas e medidas, em 2002, 25 parcelas permanentes de um hectare cada (100 m x 100 m), as quais foram remedidas em 2005 e 2008. Todas as árvores com diâmetro á altura do peito (DAP) maior ou igual a 10 cm foram numeradas, medidas e identificadas. 1.039 árvores de araucária presentes nas 3 medições foram consideradas no ajustamento das equações, gerando-se valores de incremento médio anual dos três períodos de medição que serviram de base para o ajuste de 10 modelos matemáticos. Com a estratificação dos dados, em alguns casos, houve melhoras expressivas nos ajustes dos modelos, obtendo-se resultados mais significativos quando utilizados os incrementos agrupados em classes de diâmetro. No entanto, em razão da grande variabilidade dos incrementos da espécie estudada, concluiu-se que, para as várias estratificações aplicadas, os modelos testados não se mostraram eficientes para estimar o incremento em diâmetro, rejeitando-se, portanto, a hipótese da pesquisa.This research aims to test the viability of the hypothesis of adjustment of models capable of predicting diameter increment for Araucaria angustifolia from an Ombrophyllous Mixed Forest in the National Forest of Irati, Parana State using several data stratification methods. In this forest, twenty-five permanent plots of one hectare each (100 m x 100 m) were installed and measured in 2002, being remeasured in 2005 and 2008. All trees with Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) greater than or equal to 10 cm were numbered, measured and identified. 1039 Araucaria trees were used in the adjustment of 10 mathematical models. These araucaria trees were measured three times (2002, 2005 and 2008) and the annual periodic increment was determined. The results revealed that data stratification, in some cases, improved adjustments for the models, with more significant results with increments gathered in diameter classes. However, the great variability of the increments of the focused species revealed that the stratification data hypothesis cannot be improved, and should be cast aside

Synthesis of novel sulfide-based cyclic peptidomimetic analogues to solonamides

Eight new sulfide-based cyclic peptidomimetic analogues of solonamides A and B have been synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis and SN2’ reaction on a Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) residue introduced at the N-terminal of a tetrapeptide. This last step takes advantage of the electrophilic feature of the MBH residue and represents a new cyclization strategy occurring. The analogues were prepared in moderate overall yields and did not show toxic effects on Staphylococcus aureus growth and were not toxic to human fibroblasts. Two of them inhibited the hemolytic activity of S. aureus, suggesting an interfering action in the bacterial quorum sensing similar to the one already reported for solonamides

ANÁLISE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE ÁGUAS DE POÇOS ARTESIANOS DE USO INDEPENDENTE

O consumo de água subterrânea é uma prática que vem sendo difundida largamente entre a população humana. Para assegurar o uso sustentável e seguro destas águas para consumo é essencial à avaliação da qualidade de água, que está diretamente ligada a questões de saúde pública e ambiental. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a qualidade da água de poços artesianos utilizadas para o consumo humano no município de Timbiras-MA. Foram avaliados 10 poços a partir de parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos que influenciam na qualidade da água. Para a análise microbiológica foram determinadas a presença ou ausência de coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes. E para as análises físico-química, foram determinados os valores para pH, cor, turbidez, ferro e condutividade. Os resultados mostraram que todos os 10 poços encontraram-se comprometidos por microrganismos patogênicos, com padrões máximos permitidos pela Portaria n° 2.914, de 12 de dezembro de 2011, do Ministério da Saúde

Co-therapist animals as complementary alternatives in the health and human well-being: literature review / Animais co-terapeutas como alternativas complementares na saúde e bem-estar humano: revisão de literatura

The main goal of Animal Assisted Therapy (TAA) and of the Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) is to promote organic, behavioral and such sentimental changes in human healthy or patients with different types of deficiencies and diseases, by the aid of animal of different species (co-therapists). Therefore, the importance of the correct selection of the co-therapists (mainly the behavioral factor), as well the periodic health attestation, issued by the veterinary doctor. It is clear that helps to control pain, sleep, appetite, stress, mood and aggression. Faced with the numerous advantages described about this activities in improving the quality of life and survival of patients, the purpose of the present final paper was to conduct a literary review emphasizing the objectives of this therapies as complementary alternatives in human medicine and, nevertheless, highlight the most commonly used animal species, type of selection and care with co-therapists, besides the human patients benefited

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO