168 research outputs found
A Bow-Tie Approach for the Identification of Scenarios Induced by Physical Intentional Attacks to Chemical and Process Plants
The possibility of inducing major accident scenarios by physical intentional attacks (e.g. terrorist attacks) to chemical and process plants processing and storing hazardous substances, has been increasingly recognized in the last decades. The identification of the credible security scenarios (chain from attack scenarios to major accident scenarios) is required by Security Vulnerability/Risk Assessment (SVA/SRA) methodologies, but an evident lack of supporting tools is present in the literature. The present study proposes a Bow-Tie approach for the identification of reference security scenarios to support hazard identification phase in SVA/SRA. The potential use of the results is demonstrated on a test case (industrial atmospheric tank storing a flammable liquid)
Integrating life cycle inventory and process design techniques for the early estimate of energy and material consumption data
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a powerful tool to identify direct and indirect environmental burdens associated with products, processes and services. A critical phase of the LCA methodology is the collection of representative inventory data for the energy and material streams related to the production process. In the evaluation of new and emerging chemical processes, measured data are known only at laboratory scale and may have limited connection to the environmental footprint of the same process implemented at industrial scale. On the other hand, in the evaluation of processes already established at commercial scale, the availability of process data might be hampered by industrial confidentiality. In both cases, the integration of simple process design techniques in the LCA can contribute to overcome the lack of primary data, allowing a more correct quantification of the life cycle inventory. The present paper shows, through the review of case study examples, how simplified process design, modeling and simulation can support the LCA framework to provide a preliminary estimate of energy and material consumption data suitable for environmental assessment purposes. The discussed case studies illustrate the implementation of process design considerations to tackle availability issues of inventory data in different contexts. By evidencing the case-specific nature of the problem of preliminary conceptual process design, the study calls for a closer collaboration of process design experts and life cycle analysts in the green development of new products and processes
Key Performance Indicators for Implementing Sustainability and Environmental Protection in Early Process Design Activities
The adoption of a sustainability perspective in chemical industry shall start from the early phases of process
design (e.g. conceptual design, technology selection, process development) where the key drivers in the
environmental, economical, and hazard fingerprint of a process are defined. These phases also allow the
opportunities for the lower cost of design change. A sound support of design activities requires quantitative
tools, allowing for the assessment of the sustainability profile of a process, the identification of possible
improvements and supporting informed tradeoffs.
Though several tools for process development were proposed in last decades, application is still limited in the
current practice because of issues on data requirement, indicator definition and customization to specific
application needs (e.g. PFD definition in design of polypropylene production plants).
This study focuses on the application to the early process design of environmental and exergy Key Performance
Indicators (KPIs) to support sustainability-oriented design activities. It was tailored on the specific industrial
application of polypropylene production plants. The choice of a specific sector allowed customization of the
method, promoting ease of application and allowing the assessment of multiple scenarios (e.g. sensitivity on
material and energy supply strategies, comparison of different technologies). Results obtained draw up
sustainable guidelines to improve design activities within the scope in a lifecycle perspective
A ciascuno il suo: come fornire un articolo all\u27utente nel rispetto del contratto. Il nuovo progetto di NILDE per la verifica delle licenze online
This paper describes the state of the art of the ALPE-DD project which aims to improve the understanding of the issues raised by license agreements of electronic resources in the Inter-Library Loan Service and to support librarians in the implementation of the right policies
Studio e progettazione di una rete informatica per una biblioteca scientifica basata su tecnologie Open Source
In this paper we present the design and implementation of a computer network to fulfil the needs of a scientific library, making use of Open Source technologies. For a scientific library it is vital to guarantee users to access all the online licensed resources, such as e-journals and e-books, the library subscribes to. However, access through the network and Internet (via a wireless or cable connection) has to comply with the license (for instance: library has to guarantee that users do not perform prohibited activities, such as systematic and programmating downloads, ..) and with the law. In the paper we describe the implemented solutions for authenticating and authorising users, controlling user access and preventing risks or abuses
Sviluppi presenti e futuri di Nilde
Il presente articolo illustra i piĂą recenti sviluppi del sistema NILDE, le prospettive
di evoluzione futura e le ricadute positive di un modello di lavoro cooperativo
e di condivisione delle esperienze e delle professionalitĂ per la comunitĂ delle
biblioteche aderenti.
La collaborazione con DoGi e l’integrazione di NILDE con questa importante
banca dati, nasce in risposta alle esigenze evidenziate dai bibliotecari dei settori
disciplinari umanistico, sociale e giuridico di lingua italiana.
La collaborazione tra NILDE e Kronosdoc (biblioteche spagnole) e tra NILDE e
ITALE (biblioteche che usano Aleph e Alma) nasce per migliorare i flussi di lavoro di
chi utilizza sia NILDE che altri sistemi per la gestione del document delivery, e per
evitare la duplicazione manuale di inserimento degli stessi dati in software diversi.
Il progetto ALPE per la creazione di un archivio condiviso di licenze dei periodici
elettronici relativi alle clausole di document delivery intende supportare i bibliotecari
nella corretta applicazione degli usi consentiti e favorire la diffusione
delle conoscenze su questi aspetti.This paper presents recent developments of the NILDE system, future plans and
positive follow-up for the community of users. The collaboration with DoGi and the integration with NILDE was born to
answer librarians needs in the human, social and law sectors.
The collaboration between NILDE and Kronosdoc (Spanish libraries) and
between NILDE and ITALE was born for improving the workflow of whom uses
NILDE and these other systems for document delivery and to avoid duplication
of data entry in the two software.
ALPE (Archivio Licenze Periodici Elettronici – e-journal licenses database) is a
pilot project aiming at building a shared national database of ILL permitted uses
about e-resources and to support librarians in the implementation of the correct
policies and the understanding of the issues raised by e-licenses
To each his own: how to provide a library user with an article respecting licensing agreements
This paper describes the state of the art of the Italian ALPE project which aims to improve the understanding of the issues raised by license agreements of electronic resources in the Inter-Library Loan Service and to support librarians in the implementation of the right policies
Dynamical p-adaptivity for LES of compressible flows in a high order DG framework
We investigate the possibility of reducing the computational burden of LES
models by employing locally and dynamically adaptive polynomial degrees in the
framework of a high order DG method. A degree adaptation technique especially
featured to be effective for LES applications, that was previously developed by
the authors and tested in the statically adaptive case, is applied here in a
dynamically adaptive fashion. Two significant benchmarks are considered,
comparing the results of adaptive and non adaptive simulations. The proposed
dynamically adaptive approach allows for a significant reduction of the
computational cost of representative LES computation, while allowing to
maintain the level of accuracy guaranteed by LES carried out with constant,
maximum polynomial degree values
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