Study Engagement and Burnout of the PhD Candidates in Medicine : A Person-Centered Approach

This study focused on exploring individual variations in doctoral candidates' well-being, in terms of experienced research engagement and burnout by using a person-centered approach. In addition, the associations between well-being profiles and gender, country of origin, study status (full-time or part-time), research group status and drop-out intentions were explored. The participants were 692 PhD candidates in the field of medicine. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify the well-being profiles. Four distinct profiles were identified: high engagement-low burnout, high engagement-moderate burnout, moderate engagement-moderate burnout, and moderate engagement-high burnout. Working in a clinical unit or hospital and working in a research group seemed to be related to increased engagement and reduced risk for suffering burnout, while the intentions to quit one's doctoral studies were more frequently reported in profiles with moderate levels of engagement. The findings imply that although a significant number of PhD candidates in medicine had an increased risk for developing burnout, for most of the PhD candidates research education is an engaging experience.Peer reviewe

Study Engagement and Burnout of the PhD Candidates in Medicine : A Person-Centered Approach

This study focused on exploring individual variations in doctoral candidates' well-being, in terms of experienced research engagement and burnout by using a person-centered approach. In addition, the associations between well-being profiles and gender, country of origin, study status (full-time or part-time), research group status and drop-out intentions were explored. The participants were 692 PhD candidates in the field of medicine. Latent profile analysis was employed to identify the well-being profiles. Four distinct profiles were identified: high engagement-low burnout, high engagement-moderate burnout, moderate engagement-moderate burnout, and moderate engagement-high burnout. Working in a clinical unit or hospital and working in a research group seemed to be related to increased engagement and reduced risk for suffering burnout, while the intentions to quit one's doctoral studies were more frequently reported in profiles with moderate levels of engagement. The findings imply that although a significant number of PhD candidates in medicine had an increased risk for developing burnout, for most of the PhD candidates research education is an engaging experience.Peer reviewe

Intensive longitudinal study of newly graduated nurses’ quick returns and self-rated stress

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the relationship between quick returns (QR) – shift combinations that result in inter-shift rest periods <11 hours) and stress. The current study examined whether variations in the frequency of QR, both between and within individuals, were associated with changes in self-rated stress. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent weekly to newly graduated nurses during the first 12 weeks of work. Stress was measured with four items from the Stress-Energy Questionnaire on a scale from 1 “not at all” to 5 “very much” [mean 2.65, standard deviation (SD) 1.08]. Shifts worked in the past week were reported and QR were identified by evening-morning shift combinations (mean 0.98, SD 0.90 per week). In total, 350 persons were included in the analysis (3556 observations). Data were analyzed with a multilevel residual dynamic structural equation model (RDSEM) using Bayesian estimation procedures. RESULTS: There was no between-person effect of QR on stress averaged across measurement occasions (0.181, 95% CI -0.060–0.415). However, there was a small within-person effect of QR (0.031, 95% CI 0.001–0.062), meaning that more QR during a given week, compared to that person’s average, was associated with an increase in their level of stress during that week. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses were likely to report increased stress during weeks in which they worked more QR. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether the relationship is causal

Person-task fit::Emotional consequences of performing divergent versus convergent thinking tasks depend on need for cognitive closure

We investigated how people high (vs. low) in the Need for Cognitive Closure (NFC) experience working on divergent and convergent thinking tasks. Based on the notion of person-task fit, we hypothesized that individuals high in NFC (but not those low in NFC) would feel less competent when solving divergent (vs. convergent) thinking tasks, because, being open-ended, divergent thinking tasks do not offer closure. We also predicted that, consequently, high NFC individuals would experience less positive emotions and more negative emotions when performing a divergent (vs. convergent) thinking task. To test this idea, we measured NFC among participants (N/=/549) from five European countries and asked these participants to complete a divergent (vs. convergent) thinking task and to appraise their own competence and emotions. Participants high in NFC (but not these low in NFC) felt less competent and experienced less positive and more negative emotions when solving a divergent (vs. convergent) thinking task. The association between task type and emotions was mediated by perceived competence but only for participants high in NFC

Jak działa Assessment Center? Zagadka trafności ośrodków oceny

This paper looks at the puzzle of the accuracy of the assessment center in connection with the low theoretical accuracy of this method coupled with its high potential for prediction. The presented research results confirm the claim that the assessment center tends to evaluate the level of task performance by the candidate rather than his or her competencies, understood as relatively stable qualities, as well as their implication in the practice of selection

Well-being of healthcare workers during and after the Covid-19 pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted an urgent need for early interventions to mitigate adverse psychological effects of extreme work demands that healthcare workers currently experience. This project focuses on developing tools to actively monitor work-related stress levels among healthcare workers, as well as follow-up and evaluate several possible psychological support initiatives and strategies, focusing especially on the digital and mobile solutions

Diary of a pandemic: Monitoring of work-related stress symptoms among healthcare workers through a mobile application.

This project aimed at developing a data-driven monitoring system to efficiently track work-related stress reactions over time. The system includes a self-awareness intervention based on evidence-based strategies to improve workers’ recovery. A mobile application has been developed through an initial analysis of pilot data, a factorial experiment, and a user-experience analysis

The DIARY mobile application

This project aimed at developing a data-driven monitoring system to efficiently track work-related stress reactions over time. The system includes a self-awareness intervention based on evidence-based strategies to improve workers’ recovery. A mobile application has been developed through an initial analysis of pilot data, a factorial experiment, and a user-experience analysis. Research questions: - Are daily measurements a feasible, acceptable, and valid way of monitoring work-related stress among healthcare workers? - Is the mobile application a feasible way for administering an intervention? - Can a pattern of responses to daily measurements predict the development of psychological strain symptoms? - What is the optimal content and structure of a daily intervention aiming to manage work-related stress? Study details Pilot studies: In two pilot studies we investigated the feasibility of the daily monitoring approach by looking at factors such as recruitment rates, protocol adherence, and usability. Data from these studies will inform the further development of the intervention and the mobile application, in accordance with an iterative design process. Optimization study: In an experimental study with a factorial design, we aimed to determine the optimal structure and content of the intervention. By testing different versions of the mobile application and their impact on psychological health and user experience, we investigated which version may be the most efficient and acceptable. The experimental study was preregistered https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04719351. DIARY Application As part of the project we developed DIARY, a mobile application functioning as an intervention as well as a data collection tool. For details regarding the DIARY mobile application used in the study, please see the PDF outlining all functionality available in the application (DIARY App Guide). The application is open to use by any parties - if you are interested in using the app for research purposes or within your organization, please contact us for more information. Contact details are available on our website https://ki.se/en/lime/behavioral-informatics-team Funding The Swedish Research Council Vetenskapsrådet https://www.vr.se/swecris#/project/2020-05800_V

Not All Are Equal : A Latent Profile Analysis of Well-Being among the Self-Employed

This study uses a person-centered approach to distinguish between subpopulations of self-employed individuals using multidimensional well-being indicators. Data were obtained from European Social Survey including a sample of 3461 self-employed individuals from 29 European countries. The analysis has empirically identified six distinct profiles named ‘unhappy’, ‘languishing’, ‘happy’, ‘satisfied’, ‘passionate’, and ‘flourishing’. The profiles were associated with significant differences in well-being, health and work-related variables. The results highlight the heterogeneity of the self-employed population, and describe the complex—both hedonic and eudaimonic—character of the well-being concept in this population

The design of digital audio filter system used in tomatis method stimulation

The Tomatis Method is a rehabilitation technique used in psychology, the main aim of which is stimulating the cochlea in the inner ear by filtered air-conducted and bone-conducted sounds. The system of electronic filters and amplifiers used for this therapy is called the Electronic Ear. Commonly, it is a commercial analog device that is expensive and after a few years its functionality declines. In this paper, we propose a digital Electronic Ear system using an STM32F4 family micro-controller and ADC/ DAC integrated circuits. The design of the digital sound filters allows to adjust more parameters and overcomes some of the constraints of analog systems. In this paper, we provide a short review of the Tomatis Method, the main functions of the Electronic Ear and we describe the designed system with comparison measurements to the analog original