Estudio comparativo de la estructura organizacional de la zona franca de Tacna Perú y la zona franca de Barranquilla de Colombia

Como opción de grado se realizó el Seminario Internacional el pasado mes de diciembre en los países de Perú y Chile, entre los recorridos académicos en Perú se realizaron visitas a lugares como la Zona Franca de Tacna – Perú “Zofra Tacna”, la Zona comercial de Tacna, las instalaciones de la Universidad Privada de Tacna y la Universidad de Alas Peruanas. Un punto para resaltar son las buenas prácticas de comercio exterior aplicadas en la Zofra Tacna, tal como lo demostraron sus colaboradores a cargo de la visita, aquí es donde surge el objetivo principal de la monografía que es mostrar un punto de comparación entre la cultura organizacional de la Zofra Tacna (única Zona Franca de Perú) y la Zona Franca de Barranquilla que es una de las principales de Colombia; de esta manera se puede dimensionar en que punto de desarrollo se encuentran dos de las economías más importantes de Latinoamérica respecto a comercio exterior.As an option of degree, the International Seminar was held last December in the countries of Peru and Chile, among the academic tours in Peru were visits to places such as the Free Zone of Tacna - Peru "Zofra Tacna", the commercial zone of Tacna, the Private University of Tacna and the University of Alas Peruanas. One point to highlight are the good practices of foreign trade applied in the Zofra Tacna, as demonstrated by their collaborators in charge of the visit, this is where the main objective of the monograph is to show a point of comparison between the organizational culture of the Zofra Tacna (only Free Zone of Peru) and the Free Zone of Barranquilla which is one of the main ones in Colombia; In this way, it is possible to determine at what point of development are two of the most important economies in Latin America with respect to foreign trade

Use of thermal modeling to assess the tectono-metamorphic history of the Lugo and Sanabria gneiss domes, Northwest Iberia

The Lugo and Sanabria domes in Northwest Iberia have well constrained metamorphic and structural histories. Both occur in the Iberian autochthon and resulted from late-Variscan extensional collapse following crustal thickening related to the Variscan collision. The two domes developed beneath large thrust sheets, are cored by sillimanite-orthoclase anatectic gneiss, preserve evidence of a steep thermal gradient (1 oC MPa-1), and exhibit a distinct decrease in metamorphic grade to the east in the direction of nappe movement. Geochronological evidence indicates that the lower crust melted within 30 Ma of initial crustal thickening and that dome formation occurred within 50 Ma. The histories of the two domes are considered as the basis for one-dimensional finite-difference models of thermal response to changes in crustal thickness. Results from thermal models suggest that thickening was limited to the crust, provide a numeric explanation for timing and nature of granite magmatism, and indicate that high-temperature metamorphism and crustal anatexis may result directly from thermal relaxation, eliminating the need for significant mantle thermal contribution. Also, the models show that small differences in thickness of large, wedge-shaped thrust sheets can explain distinct P-T paths experienced by different limbs of the domes

Polymorphic Inversions Underlie the Shared Genetic Susceptibility of Obesity-Related Diseases

The burden of several common diseases including obesity, diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and depression is increasing in most world populations. However, the mechanisms underlying the numerous epidemiological and genetic correlations among these disorders remain largely unknown. We investigated whether common polymorphic inversions underlie the shared genetic influence of these disorders. We performed an inversion association analysis including 21 inversions and 25 obesity-related traits on a total of 408,898 Europeans and validated the results in 67,299 independent individuals. Seven inversions were associated with multiple diseases while inversions at 8p23.1, 16p11.2, and 11q13.2 were strongly associated with the co-occurrence of obesity with other common diseases. Transcriptome analysis across numerous tissues revealed strong candidate genes for obesity-related traits. Analyses in human pancreatic islets indicated the potential mechanism of inversions in the susceptibility of diabetes by disrupting the cis-regulatory effect of SNPs from their target genes. Our data underscore the role of inversions as major genetic contributors to the joint susceptibility to common complex diseases.This research has received funding from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, UE (RTI2018-100789-B-I00) also through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S); and the Catalan Government through the CERCA Program and projects SGR2017/801 and #016FI_B 00272 to CR-A. JG is funded by the European Commission (H2020-ERC-2014-CoG-647900) and the MINECO/AEI/FEDER, EU (BFU2017-82937-P). LAPJ lab was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (ISCIII-FEDER P13/02481), the Catalan Department of Economy and Knowledge (SGR2014/1468, SGR2017/1974 and ICREA Acadèmia), and also acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness “Programa de Excelencia María de Maeztu” (MDM-2014-0370). This research was conducted using the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 43983. The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Project was supported by the Common Fund of the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health, and by NCI, NHGRI, NHLBI, NIDA, NIMH, and NINDS.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Preclinical research in glycogen storage diseases : a comprehensive review of current animal models

Altres ajuts: The present manuscript was funded by grants received from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS, grant; Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and cofunded by 'Fondos FEDER'. M.V.-S. is funded by a personal grant for doctoral studies from CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología México).GSD are a group of disorders characterized by a defect in gene expression of specific enzymes involved in glycogen breakdown or synthesis, commonly resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in various tissues (primarily the liver and skeletal muscle). Several different GSD animal models have been found to naturally present spontaneous mutations and others have been developed and characterized in order to further understand the physiopathology of these diseases and as a useful tool to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies. In the present work we have reviewed a total of 42 different animal models of GSD, including 26 genetically modified mouse models, 15 naturally occurring models (encompassing quails, cats, dogs, sheep, cattle and horses), and one genetically modified zebrafish model. To our knowledge, this is the most complete list of GSD animal models ever reviewed. Importantly, when all these animal models are analyzed together, we can observe some common traits, as well as model specific differences, that would be overlooked if each model was only studied in the context of a given GSD

Mejora del Proceso de Diseño (Metodología BIM) para la Constructora Arango Arquitectos Constructores S.A.S.

En 2019, a raíz de la pandemia del COVID-19, la constructora Arango Arquitectos Constructores S.A.S, tuvo inconvenientes al iniciar la construcción del proyecto Bentho, generando sobrecostos administrativos y operativos, es así como surge la necesidad de mejorar la productividad de futuros proyectos, reduciendo el tiempo de diseño y mejorando la cuantificación de materiales. La metodología BIM como solución propuesta ha permitido a la constructora generar nuevos procesos de diseño con alcances 3D y 5D, reduciendo el tiempo de ejecución de los proyectos y aumentando sus márgenes de ganancias, también incorporar recorridos virtuales en modelos 3D incrementando el interés de los clientes, además de alienar sus objetivos con los lineamientos del sector nacional en cuanto al uso de la metodología BIM.In 2019, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the company Arango Arquitectos Constructores S.A.S, had problems starting construction of Bentho project, increasing administrative and operational costs, this is how the need to improve the productivity of future projects appears, reducing design time and improving materials quantification. The BIM methodology as a solution for that problem, has allowed to create new design process with 3D and 5D scopes, reducing execution time of the projects and increasing the company profits, also incorporating virtual tours in 3D models increasing the interest of the clients, besides align its objectives according to the guidelines of construction in Colombia for use of the BIM methodology

A plasma fatty acid profile associated to type 2 diabetes development: from the CORDIOPREV study

Purpose: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. For this reason, it is essential to identify biomarkers for the early detection of T2DM risk and/or for a better prognosis of T2DM. We aimed to identify a plasma fatty acid (FA) profile associated with T2DM development. Methods: We included 462 coronary heart disease patients from the CORDIOPREV study without T2DM at baseline. Of these, 107 patients developed T2DM according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnosis criteria after a median follow-up of 60 months. We performed a random classification of patients in a training set, used to build a FA Score, and a Validation set, in which we tested the FA Score. Results: FA selection with the highest prediction power was performed by random survival forest in the Training set, which yielded 4 out of the 24 FA: myristic, petroselinic, α-linolenic and arachidonic acids. We built a FA Score with the selected FA and observed that patients with a higher score presented a greater risk of T2DM development, with an HR of 3.15 (95% CI 2.04–3.37) in the Training set, and an HR of 2.14 (95% CI 1.50–2.84) in the Validation set, per standard deviation (SD) increase. Moreover, patients with a higher FA Score presented lower insulin sensitivity and higher hepatic insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Conclusión: Our results suggest that a detrimental FA plasma profile precedes the development of T2DM in patients with coronary heart disease, and that this FA profile can, therefore, be used as a predictive biomarker

Space and time in the tectonic evolution of the northwestern Iberian Massif: Implications for the Variscan belt.

Recent advances in geochemical studies of igneous rocks, isotopic age data for magmatism and metamorphism, quantitative pressure-temperature (P-T) estimates of metamorphic evolution, and structural geology in the northwestern Iberian Massif are integrated into a synthesis of the tectonic evolution that places the autochthonous and allochthonous terranes in the framework of Paleozoic plate tectonics. Because northwestern Iberia is free from strike-slip faults of continental scale, it is retrodeformable and preserves valuable information about the orthogonal component of convergence of Gondwana with Laurentia and/or Baltica, and the opening and closure of the Rheic Ocean. The evolution deduced for northwest Iberia is extended to the rest of the Variscan belt in an attempt to develop a three-dimensional interpretation that assigns great importance to the transcurrent components of convergence. Dominant Carboniferous dextral transpression following large Devonian and Early Carboniferous thrusting and recumbent folding is invoked to explain the complexity of the belt without requiring a large number of peri-Gondwanan terranes, and its ophiolites and highpressure allochthonous units are related to a single oceanic closure. Palinspastic reconstruction of the Variscan massifs and zones cannot be achieved without restoration of terrane transport along the colliding plate margins. A schematic reconstruction is proposed that involves postcollisional strike-slip displacement of ~3000 km between Laurussia and Gondwana during the Carboniferous

Strategic raw materials for the energy and digital transition in Spain

[EN] One of the main concerns of the European Commission is critical raw materials (CRM), necessary for daily life in a wide range of goods and applications. The EU's industry and economy depend on international markets for many important raw materials, which are produced and supplied by third countries. These CRMs are closely linked to clean technologies, technological progress and quality of life. Concern about access to CRMs led the European Commission to draw up a first list of critical raw materials (CRM) in 2011, and to schedule its review and update every three years, the last being in 2020.Peer reviewe

The Importance of Spanish Data (BDMIN & PANORAMA MINERO) in the European Raw Materials Knowledge Base (EURMKB)

[EN] The IGME has an extensive experience in the field of mineral resources and the main source of information is the Mineral Resources Database (BDMIN) that integrates the geological‐mining information on occurrences, mines and exploitations (active and inactive) of metallic, nonmetallic and industrial minerals, and rocks in Spain. In addition, since 1981, the Panorama Minero has been carried out with the aim of providing reliable data on Spanish mining production, based on the Spanish Mining Statistics (MITERD). This information includes data on the national production of minerals, in tonnage and value, metallurgical production, foreign trade, etc. Other sources include the National Mining Cadastre and Foreign Trade statistics from the Tax Agency.Peer reviewe