La reacción político-institucional al terrorismo en España (1995-2015): Un análisis de los riesgos que entraña la seguridad

El terrorismo constituye, junto a otros muchos factores, una de las principales amenazas a la seguridad del mundo contemporáneo. Sin embargo, el dasafío que plantea supera los límites de la violencia política, alcanzando directamente el núcleo de los sistemas democráticos occidentales. El esbozo de cualquier respuesta política al terrorismo implica un importante riesgo al que todo legislador se ha de enfrentar: el inevitable choque entre libertad y seguridad. De esta forma, y aprovechando la coincidencia temporal y espacial en nuestra historia reciente de dos tipologías terroristas (ETA y yihadismo), acometemos el estudio de la evolución en el tratamiento político e institucional español hacia el terrorismo, prestando especial atención a aquellos cambios que hayan supuesto (o supongan) un potencial peligro para los derechos de los ciudadanos.Terrorism, along with many other factors, constitutes one of the main threats to the security of the contemporary world. However, the challenge it raises goes beyond the limits of political violence, reaching the core of Western democracies. The outline of any political response to terrorism implies an important risk that every legislator has to face: the inevitable clash between freedom and security. In this way, and taking advantage of the temporal and spatial coincidence in our recent history of two terrorist typologies (ETA and yihadism), we undertake the study about the evolution of the Spanish political and institutional treatment towards terrorism, paying special attention to those changes that had posed (or currently do) a potential danger to citizen’s rights

Understanding the Internationalization of Latin American Enterprises

This paper purpose is to advance the understanding of Latin American multinationals internationalization. Using disaggregated data and differentiating the behavior between private-owned and state-owned multinational enterprises from nine Latin American countries, we analyze this matter at firm, industry and country level. We find that Latin American firms prefer to invest in the same region, nevertheless, the US appears like the most frequent country where these MNEs allocate its subsidiaries. We show that the research and development intensity level of the largest enterprises from Latin America is not high, that most of them are privately-owned and they are performing in a wide variety of industries

The effect of the combination of multiple woven fabric and nonwoven on acoustic absorption

[EN] Textile materials can be used as acoustic materials. In this study, the acoustic absorption coefficient of multilayer fabrics with 60 ends/cm and 15, 30, 45, and 60 picks/cm is measured when the fabric is added as a resistive layer on top of a polyester nonwoven, in order to study the influence of the fabric spatial structure in the acoustic absorption of the assembly. Five different fabric structures are used. Design of experiments and data analysis tools are used to describe the influence of two manufacturing factors on the sound absorption coefficient of the ensemble. These factors are the fabric weft count (picks/cm) and the thickness of the nonwoven (mm). The experimental conditions under which the maximum sound absorption coefficient is achieved are found. The influence of each factor and a mathematical model are obtained. Results of statistical and optimization analysis show that for the same fabric density, sound absorption coefficient increases as the number of layers decreases.Segura-Alcaraz, P.; Segura Alcaraz, JG.; Montava-Seguí, I.; Bonet-Aracil, M. (2021). The effect of the combination of multiple woven fabric and nonwoven on acoustic absorption. Journal of Industrial Textiles. 50(8):1262-1280. https://doi.org/10.1177/15280837198587711262128050

Cycle Time Improvement by a Six Sigma Project for the Increase of New Business Accounts

This paper reports the application of a 6σ project about the reduction of the cycle time for acquiring a new credit account in a finance group. The methodology used in this project was the DMAI technique of 6σ. The paper documents the analysis and tasks performed by the management team that reduced cycle time from 49 days to 30 days which resulted in an expected annual savings of $300,000.00. Also an increased customer satisfaction and an increase of sales is expected

Textiles in architectural acoustic conditioning: a review

[EN] Environmental noise is a problem of increasing interest in advanced societies. Different types of textiles have properties which are suitable for the construction of elements able to condition sound in rooms. The use of these elements can foster acoustic comfort in all kind of rooms, both public and private. This work is a review of the possibilities and trends of textile materials in the field of acoustic conditioning. The use of textile materials for acoustic conditioning is widely extended. On the other hand, many efforts have been done in the last decades to understand the sound absorption mechanisms and to design materials and devices able to customize the sound space. Many of these new developments have used materials like wood, metal, plastic. Textiles can be thought as fully designable materials and potential base of composites, providing their unique technical and aesthetical characteristics to any ensemble.Segura Alcaraz, MP.; Bonet-Aracil, M.; Juliá Sanchis, E.; Segura Alcaraz, JG.; Montava-Seguí, I. (2022). Textiles in architectural acoustic conditioning: a review. Journal of the Textile Institute. 113(1):166-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2021.1976483166172113

La ciudad fugada hacia el horizonte: la Sierra de Santa Catarina: estudio e intervención de un paisaje representativo de la ciudad de México en deterioro

139 páginas. Maestría en Diseño.Se aborda la identificación del paisaje más representativo y característico de la Ciudad de México, el cual se ha interpretado abundantemente desde la fundación de la ciudad de diversas maneras entre las que destacan las crónicas y las artes visuales como el dibujo, el grabado, la pintura, la fotografía y el cine. Una vez identificado el paisaje objeto de estudio, evaluamos que uno de sus tres componentes –la Sierra de Santa Catarina- enfrenta un grave deterioro con la amenaza real de desaparición, lo cual constituiría un desastre ambiental, cultural y patrimonial. Para conocer con mayor certeza sus dimensiones paisajísticas, hacemos un recorrido por cada uno de sus elementos, componentes y espacios. Posteriormente hacemos la valoración de cada uno de los deterioros y sus efectos a fin de encontrar las causas que los originan y proponer soluciones desde la perspectiva del paisaje. Delimitación del problema en tiempo y espacio Los problemas de deterioro de la Sierra de Santa Catarina, tienen su origen desde el momento mismo de la fundación de la ciudad, sin embargo, se han potenciado en los últimos cincuenta años. Por ello el clímax del deterioro se ubica en éste preciso momento. Físicamente el paisaje que contiene a la Sierra de Santa Catarina es tan extenso como la ciudad misma y su entorno. Por ello limitamos el estudio y la propuesta de intervención a la propia sierra y más aún al grupo central de volcanes que la componen, pero sobre todo a la zona decretada como Área Natural Protegida, a los espacios de dicha área que han sido afectados por asentamientos irregulares y a la zona que está desprovista de protección designada únicamente como Suelo de Conservación y Preservación Ecológica, pero que sufre el embate de la explotación de minas a cielo abierto

Cuantificación de la radiación de la estructura en sistemas de caja cerrada

En el presente trabajo se ha realizado una contribución al estudio de la cuantificación de la radiación de las paredes de la estructura en sistemas de caja cerrada, estableciendo una relación de la respuesta vibroacústica de este tipo de sistemas radiantes con las características del material de construcción, tales como el modulo de Young, el amortiguamiento, o la densidad. Para abordar el problema se plantea el acople mecano-acústico entre los diferentes elementos del sistema radiante. Idealmente, en los sistemas radiantes compuestos de altavoces montados sobre un recinto acústico o caja, las paredes de la caja deberían de ser infinitamente rígidas y con movimiento nulo. Sin embargo, en la realidad la experiencia demuestra que las paredes se comportan como placas vibrantes bajo la acción de las presiones interiores y contribuyen a la radiación final de sonido del sistema, sobre todo en el rango de las bajas frecuencias. Para conseguir el objetivo propuesto, en primer lugar se han realizado una serie de medidas experimentales sobre unos modelos de caja cerrada con y sin altavoz. En la fase experimental se ha estudiado el comportamiento vibracional de las paredes de la estructura mediante análisis modal y medidas de vibración, y la respuesta sonora del sistema altavoz, aire interior y estructura, acoplado mediante medidas de presión e intensidad acústicas. A continuación, y en base a los resultados experimentales, se han implementado unos modelos numéricos de un sistema altavoz, aire interior y estructura. Se concluye que la estructura colorea la respuesta sonora del sistema en todo el rango de frecuencia estudiado, debido a resonancias o vibraciones forzadas de la misma.Segura Alcaraz, JG. (2009). Cuantificación de la radiación de la estructura en sistemas de caja cerrada [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/4343Palanci

Determination of Burnout Syndrome among Middle and Senior Managers in Manufacturing Industry in Ciudad Juarez

AbstractBurnout syndrome is caused by chronic job stress and it is considered one of the main professional diseases of XXI Century. In developing countries like Mexico, occupations as middle and senior manager positions have not been sufficiently explored on this topic, especially in the industrial manufacturing sector. These personnel are fundamental for the growth of industries and usually must respond to high work demands, such as: short time decision making processes, extended working hours, personnel organization, production difficulties, among others. A sample of 361 participants was conformed; 34 were senior managers and 327 middle managers from several departments. The Maslach Burnout Inventory General-Survey (MBI-GS) was applied in six manufacturing companies in Ciudad Juarez. The Burnout was determined by grades and levels. Percentiles 33.3 and 66.6 were used as cut off points for each dimension: Emotional Exhaustion, Cynicism and Professional Effectiveness, five levels of Burnout were determined as none, low, middle, fairly and extreme. Results indicate a middle grade of Burnout for all three dimensions among senior and middle managers. By levels, 46.26% presents fairly and extreme level, 15.51% have a middle level and 38.23% presents none or low levels of Burnout. In conclusion, it is recommended that manufacturing industries take preventive actions that contribute to physical and mental health of their key workers

Detection of Ostreopsis cf. ovata in environmental samples using an electrochemical DNA-based biosensor

Ostreopsis cf. ovata is a benthic microalga distributed in tropical and temperate regions worldwide which produces palytoxins (PlTXs). Herein, an electrochemical biosensor for the detection of this toxic microalga is described. The detection strategy involves isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) of the target using tailed primers and a sandwich hybridisation assay on maleimide-coated magnetic beads immobilised on electrode arrays. The biosensor attained a limit of detection of 9 pg/μL of O. cf. ovata DNA (which corresponds to ~640 cells/L), with no interferences from two non-target Ostreopsis species (O. cf. siamensis and O. fattorussoi). The biosensor was applied to the analysis of planktonic and benthic environmental samples. Electrochemical O. cf. ovata DNA quantifications demonstrated an excellent correlation with other molecular methods (qPCR and colorimetric assays) and allowed the construction of a predictive regression model to estimate O. cf. ovata cell abundances. This new technology offer great potential to improve research, monitoring and management of O. cf. ovata and harmful algal blooms.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio