La tumba romana de Orippo, Sevilla

En este articulo se desarrolla la metodología antropológica sobre dos incineraciones procedentes de una tumba romana de Orippo (Sevilla), excavada en 1988 y datada en el siglo I DC. La tumba fue construida para albergar los huesos quemados de una joven de edad comprendida entre 13 y 15 años, como se deduce de la fusión epifisaria de algunos huesos y del desarrollo de la dentición. La tumba fue reutilizada, probablemente algún tiempo después, para depositar dos urnas de cristal que contenían los huesos quemados de una mujer de edad comprendida entre 40 y 50 años, que padecía artrosis vertebral y coxofemoral, así como hiperóstosis interna del frontal.In this paper we present the anthropological study of two incinerations. They were found in a roman tomb excavated in 1988 in Orippo (Sevilla), and dated in the I century AC. The tomb was built to contain the burnt bones of a young woman betwen 13 and 15 years of age, as it is concluded of the epiphyseal union of some bones and of the dental development. The tomb was used again, probably sometime later, in orden to deposit two glass ums that contained the burnt bones of a woman, 40 o 50 years old, with a vertebral and coxofemoral arthropathy, and also internal hyperostosis of the frontal bone

Aspectos docentes sobre enfermedades raras en las universidades españolas

Trabajo presentado al VI Congreso Internacional de Medicamentos Huérfanos y Enfermedades Raras: IV Mesa Redonda y Coloquio: Acciones institucionales enrelación con lasEnfermedades Raras, celebrado en Sevilla (España) del 14 al 16 de febrero de 2013 y organizado por el Real e Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos de Sevilla, la Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras (FEDER), la Fundación MEHUER y la Fundación FEDER.Mesa patrocinada por AMGEN.Peer Reviewe

Characterization and Drugs Screening in Human Dermal Fibroblasts Derived From Patient With Amiotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Motivation: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of motor neurons. Though currently we unknow its etiology, there are several alterations related to its physiopathology, such as mutation in Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), an enzyme which prevents free radical production, and intracellular non-avaliable iron accumulation, both alterations have been observed in the patient. The mutated form of this enzyme tends to form fibrillar aggregates on the cytoplasm. In this way, the research line have two parts: the molecular characterization of the disease, and the elimination or reduction of  intracellular iron accumulation and the reestablishment of modified protein levels. Treatments screening allows to increase patient's survival due to we use commercialized compounds, with this approximation we can skip long proccess of drugs commercialization.Methods: Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) primary cultures with and without pathological background are used. Iron accumulation in this cultures is observed by Prussian Blue technique. Expression protein levels are measured by Western Blotting, TransferBlot, InmmunoBlot and ChemicDoc developing. Quantifications were calculated with ImageJ software.Preliminar Results: We observed differences in the expression protein levels involved in autophagy proccess (P62, LC3B), antioxidative activity (GPX, SOD1), lipid peroxidation (PLA2G6) and lisosomal dynamic (LAMP1). Drugs screening allowed to select several drugs which reduced intracellular iron levels. With this technique we did another screening combining that drugs to select the best combination

Búsqueda de nuevos tratatamientos en las enfermedades mitocondriales

Trabajo presentado al I Encuentro Nacional de Familias con Niños Enfermos Mitocondriales organizado por AEPMI junto con la Fundación Ana Carolina Díez Maho y celebrado en Burgos del 13 al 16 de noviembre de 2013.Peer Reviewe

Frecuencia de consumo de riesgo de alcohol en estudiantes de medicina de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla

"La importancia de este trabajo es proporcionar una visión más amplia del riesgo de consumo de alcohol en los estudiantes de medicina. En México el consumo de alcohol es alto y continúa incrementándose en edades más tempranas, la población estudiantil es un grupo vulnerable para el consumo de alcohol, factor que puede incrementar el riesgo de disfunción profesional y en diversas áreas de la vida. Existe evidencia de que un 70 % de los estudiantes de medicina tienen un consumo sensato de bebidas alcohólicas, mientras que 17 % se hallan en la categoría de consumo de riesgo y 13 % en probabilidad de dependencia de alcohol. Es relevante el estudio de la población estudiantil, para una adecuación de acciones de prevención más eficaces. Realizar una investigación que permita identificar el riesgo de consumo de alcohol de los estudiantes de medicina en Puebla, proporcionará un conocimiento más amplio, y tras la búsqueda de nuevas alternativas se podrá hacer frente a este gran problema de Salud Pública que también puede afectar a los futuros profesionales de la Salud"

Incidencia de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del latín en el desarrollo personal de los alumnos. Experiencias de un profesor

Como es sabido, el Latín no tiene hoy, al menos para los alumnos de enseñanza media y sus padres, el mismo prestigio que las materias científicas y técnicas. Con frecuencia se considera su estudio como algo tortuoso y estéril, sin perspectivas. Paradójicamente se va levantando un clamor en todos los estamentos sociales augurando que el futuro de la educación, de cara al próximo siglo, no consistirá sólo en aprender a leer, escribir, saber algo de matemáticas y almacenar unos conocimientos, cada vez mayores y en muchos aspectos cambiantes. Se considera irrenunciable potenciar el desarrollo de las capacidades de comunicación, acceso y procesamiento crítico de la información; las capacidades de identificación, planteamiento y resolución de problemas; el uso del razonamiento abstracto y científico, así como la pericia en el manejo de los nuevos instrumentos tecnológicos. Del mismo modo, la complejidad de los problemas actuales y su universalidad pone de manifiesto la necesidad de potenciar la dimensión ética en todos los estudiantes

Is Inflammation a Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Dependent Event in Fibromyalgia?

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex disorder that affects up to 5% of the general population worldwide. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation have been implicated in the pathophysiology of FM. We have investigated the possible relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation in FM. We studied 30 women diagnosed with FM and 20 healthy women. Blood mononuclear cells (BMCs) from FM patients showed reduced level of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and mtDNA contents and high level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transcript levels. A significant negative correlation between CoQ10 and TNF-alpha levels (r= -0.588; p < 0.01), and a positive correlation between ROS and TNF-alpha levels (r = 0.791; p < 0.001) were observed accompanied by a significant correlation of visual analogical scale with serum TNF-alpha and transcript levels (r = 0.4507; p < 0.05 and r = 0.7089; p < 0.001, respectively). TNF-alpha release was observed in an in vitro (BMCs) and in vivo (mice) CoQ10 deficiency model. Oral CoQ10 supplementation restored biochemical parameters and induced a significant improvement in clinical symptoms ( p < 0.001). These results lead to the hypothesis that inflammation could be a mitochondrial dysfunction-dependent event implicated in the pathophysiology of FM in several patients indicating at mitochondria as a possible new therapeutic target.Unión Europea FIS PI10/00543Servicio Andaluz de Salud Junta de Andalucía SAS 111242Junta de Andalucía CTS-572

PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN): Characterization of patients and drug screening

Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) envolve a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders characterized by brain iron accumulation, progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction (dystonia, stiffness, choreoathetosis), and presence of axonal spheroids, usually limited by the central nervous system. &nbsp; Within the differents subtypes of NBIA, in this study we focussed in PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), diseases caused by a mutation in the phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6). PLA2G6 encodes the enzyme iPLA2b, a calcium-independent phospholipase A2 which is involved in lipid metabolism. The loss of iPLA2b’s function result in mitochondrial abnormalities and synaptic transmission impairment in neurons among other alterations. &nbsp; In the current work we studied the pathophysiology of three confirmed cases of PLAN using fibroblasts derived from the patients: PLAN 10 (heterozygous mutation), PLAN 11(heterozygous mutation) and PLAN 8 (homozygous mutation). The aim of this study is to characterize, in patient-derived fibroblasts, the pathological alterations produced by PLA2G6 mutations. Main methods used were Western blot and Prussian Blue Staining. Our results confirm iron accumulation in patients-derived fibroblasts, impaired autophagy and ferritinophagy, especially in the patient that suffers the homozygous mutation (Plan 8). The purpose is to carry out a drug screening able to reverse the pathophysiology observed

Importance of food sensitivities and personalized diet in patients with fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease characterized by generalized chronic pain located in the locomotor system. Patients usually present obesity, metabolic syndrome, alterations in the microbiota and food sensitivities. The prevalence is 2.1% in the world population, affecting 2.3% of Europeans and 2.4% of Spaniards. By sex, the prevalence among men is estimated at 0.2%, compared to 4.2% in women. FM is one of the rheumatic diseases with more impact on the quality of life. Nutrition has been suggested as a relevant factor in the treatment and improvement of FM symptoms. The aim of this study was to measure mitochondrial homeostasis using several biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of FM before and after the application of a personalized nutritional intervention with a rich antioxidant diet. Furthermore, we  evaluated the role of personalized nutrition as a potential treatment for patients with FM and identified new approaches for a better understanding of the disease.Motivation: Currently, a significant percentage of patients who suffer FM are not well diagnosed and face inadequate treatments. We proposed that personalized nutritional interventions can improve the symptomatology of patients and their quality of life.Methods: Fifty FM patients with clinical suspicion of food sensitivities were included in the study. Data were collected from nutritional questionnaries, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and the ratio of mitochondrial mass and selective autophagy. Mitochondrial markers were measured pre and post nutritional interventions with the objective of evaluating if personalized diets improved clinical symptoms.Results: Rich antioxidant diets decreased radical oxygen species (ROS) levels in blood and improved significantly clinical symptoms. In addition, a balanced, personalized diet for each patient improved the ratio between mitochondrial mass and selective autophagy.Conclusions: FM patients presents several associated comorbidities such as food sensitivities which need more attention and research. The adequate consumption of antioxidants and other micronutrients is important in FM management. Therefore,  personalized antioxidant diets could be a promising approach for the improvement of clinical symptoms in FM

La prevención de siniestros marítimos a través del control del Estado Rector del Puerto

El presente trabajo trata sobre el Control del Estado Rector de Puerto, una forma más de inspección marítima cuya finalidad, como la del resto, es asegurar que los buques operen en condiciones de seguridad. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir, lo más detenidamente posible, en qué consiste el Control del Estado Rector de Puerto y la forma en que se desarrolla una inspección de este tipo, con el fin de facilitar el trabajo a todo aquél que tenga que enfrentarse a una de ellas