Study of the Activity of 3-benzyl-5-(4-chloro-arylazo)-4-thioxo-imidazolidin-2-one against Schistosomiasis Mansoni in Mice

Previous studies conducted with the imidazolidinic derivative 3-benzyl-5-(4-chloro-arylazo)-4-thioxo-imidazolidin-2-one (LPSF-PT05) show outstanding activity against adult Schistosoma mansoni worms in vitro. In the first phase of this study, S. mansoni-infected mice were treated, orally, with 100 mg/Kg of the LPSF-PT05 in three formulations: Tween 80 and saline solution, oil/water (70 : 30) emulsion, and solid dispersion with polyethylene glycol (PEG). In the second phase, three other doses of the LPSF-PT05 in PEG were tested: 3, 10, 30 mg/kg. These treatment regimens significantly reduced the number of recovered worms due to increases in the solubility of the compound in this formulation; the greatest reduction (70.5%) was observed at the dose of 100 mg/kg. There was no changes in the pattern of mature egg compared to immature eggs; however there was a significant increase in the number of dead eggs. Histopathological analysis of liver tissue showed changes in morphological aspects of the hepatic parenchyma with decrease exudative-productive hepatic granuloma stages, although we found no significant differences in IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, or NO production in response to the specific antigen SEA. The results show the derivative LPSF-PT05 to be a potential candidate in the etiological treatment of schistosomiasis with a possible dampening effect of the granulomatous process

A extensão universitária frente ao isolamento social imposto pela COVID-19 / University extension front of the social isolation imposed by COVID-19

A emergência de uma nova pandemia não é uma questão de “se”, mas de “quando” irá acontecer. Atualmente, estamos diante da mais importante crise de saúde pública mundial, a pandemia do novo coronavírus. A Universidade é uma instituição criada para atender às necessidades sociais e uma das estratégias para realizar esse dever é através de ações de extensão universitária. Mas como realizar extensão universitária frente ao isolamento social imposto pelo COVID-19? Durante a pandemia a Universidade ganhou destaque em ações extensionistas, especialmente na disseminação e construção correta do conhecimento sobre SARS-CoV-2 e COVID-19, em ações que objetivam o desenvolvimento e confecção de insumos para proteção individual e coletiva, distribuídos para hospitais, profissionais de saúde e em comunidades carentes, e atividades de educação e cultura explorando novos recursos em plataformas digitais. Acreditamos no poder transformador da Universidade e no seu compromisso em reduzir impactos sociais através da extensão e que no futuro próximo a extensão deve ser enquadrada no mundo pós-pandemia

Dataset on schistosomiasis control using potassium usnate against Biomphalaria glabrata at different developmental stage and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae

This text presents complementary data corresponding to schistosomiasis mansoni׳s vector control and toxicity on Schistosoma mansoni cercariae using potassium usnate. This information support our research article “Potassium Usnate Toxicity Against Embryonic Stages of the Snail Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae” [1], and focuses on the analysis of the detailed data regarding the different concentrations of potassium usnate and their efficiency to B. glabrata mortality and non-viability and S. mansoni cercariae mortality etiologic agent of the disease

Barbatic Acid Offers a New Possibility for Control of Biomphalaria Glabrata and Schistosomiasis

This study evaluated the biological activity of an ether extract and barbatic acid (BAR) from Cladia aggregata on embryos and adult mollusks of Biomphalaria glabrata, cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni and the microcrustacean Artemia salina. The ether extract and BAR were obtained by successive extractions with diethyl ether. The obtained extracts were analyzed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that the ether extract exerted embryotoxic effects at 50 and 100 µg/mL and molluscicidal effects at 20 and 25 µg/mL. BAR exhibited no embryotoxicity, and its molluscicidal concentration was equal to that of the ether extract. However, after 60 min of exposure, 1 µg/mL BAR presented cercaricidal activity against the parasite S. mansoni at the second larval stage. Neither substance induced toxicity against A. salina. These results indicate the potential molluscicidal activities of the ether extract and BAR against B. glabrata and S. mansoni cercariae. In addition to these effects, there was a lack of toxicity against the aquatic environment and no damage to the biota, indicating the potential of these products for large-scale control and/or eradication of schistosomiasis

The Natural Compound Hydrophobic Usnic Acid and Hydrophilic Potassium Usnate Derivative: Applications and Comparisons

Usnic acid is the best-studied lichen metabolite, presenting several biological activities, such as antibacterial, immunostimulating, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiparasitic agents; despite these relevant properties, it is a hydrophobic and toxic molecule. In this context, scientific research has driven the development of innovative alternatives, considering usnic acid as a source of raw material in obtaining new molecules, allowing structural modifications (syntheses) from it. The purpose is to optimize biological activities and toxicity, with less concentration and/or response time. This work presents a literature review with an analogy of the hydrophobic molecule of usnic acid with its hydrophilic derivative of potassium usnate, emphasizing the elucidation and structural characteristics, biological activities, and toxicological aspects of both molecules, and the advantages of using the promising derivative hydrophilic in different in vitro and in vivo assays when compared to usnic acid

Maternal schistosomiasis: IL-2, IL-10 and regulatory T lymphocytes to unrelated antigen in adult offspring mice

Submitted by Ana Beatriz Oliveira ([email protected]) on 2019-04-16T13:49:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maternal schistosomias.pdf: 1018997 bytes, checksum: c1ec1c407e05afe150263743a6abdda8 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Beatriz Oliveira ([email protected]) on 2019-04-16T14:19:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Maternal schistosomias.pdf: 1018997 bytes, checksum: c1ec1c407e05afe150263743a6abdda8 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-16T14:19:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maternal schistosomias.pdf: 1018997 bytes, checksum: c1ec1c407e05afe150263743a6abdda8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Laboratório de Imunologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Recife, PE, Brasil. ​Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Laboratório de Imunologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Recife, PE, Brasil. ​Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas. Recife, PE, Brasil.INTRODUCTION: We evaluated IL-10, IL-2 and regulatory T cells (Treg), in response to ovalbumin (OA), in offspring from schistosomotic mouse mothers. METHODS: We used animals born (BIM) or suckled (SIM) from infected mothers; and mice born/suckled from infected (BSIM) or non-infected mothers (CONTROL). After OA+adjuvant immunization, spleen cells were cultured, with or without OA, and doubly marked for cytometry. RESULTS: BIM showed fewer CD4+/IL-2+ and more B220+/IL-10+ cells, whereas the SIM group showed increased Treg frequency. BSIM had fewer B220+/IL-10+ and Treg cells. CONCLUSIONS: Separately, gestation or nursing induced immunosuppressive cells in infected mothers, but improved anti-OA immunity when combined

Maternal schistosomiasis: IL-2, IL-10 and regulatory T lymphocytes to unrelated antigen in adult offspring mice

Abstract INTRODUCTION: We evaluated IL-10, IL-2 and regulatory T cells (Treg), in response to ovalbumin (OA), in offspring from schistosomotic mouse mothers. METHODS: We used animals born (BIM) or suckled (SIM) from infected mothers; and mice born/suckled from infected (BSIM) or non-infected mothers (CONTROL). After OA+adjuvant immunization, spleen cells were cultured, with or without OA, and doubly marked for cytometry. RESULTS: BIM showed fewer CD4+/IL-2+ and more B220+/IL-10+ cells, whereas the SIM group showed increased Treg frequency. BSIM had fewer B220+/IL-10+ and Treg cells. CONCLUSIONS: Separately, gestation or nursing induced immunosuppressive cells in infected mothers, but improved anti-OA immunity when combined

IMUNOPATOLOGIA INDUZIDAS POR Trichomonas vaginalis DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO E O RISCO DE ABORTO E PARTO PREMATURO

A Organização Mundial de Saúde estima em 276.4 milhões de casos de tricomoníase todos os anos, dos quais 70-90% são registrados em mulheres em idade reprodutiva e destas, 25 milhões são gestantes. Pouco se conhece sobre os fatores fisiopatológicos e imunológicos na tricomoníase associados ao aborto e/ou parto prematuro. Assim, objetivamos investigar as alterações imunopatológicas decorrentes da tricomoníase durante a gestação e sua associação com aborto e/ou parto prematuro. Através da busca bibliográfica nas bases do Scielo, Pubmed, Medline e Lilacs com o cruzamento dos descritores: Trichomonas vaginalis, tricomoníase, gestação, aborto e parto prematuro (inglês/português), sem limitar ano de publicação. Só na década de 80 iniciaram estudos da possível associação da tricomoníase com aborto e/ou parto prematuro. T. vaginalis estimula macrófagos na síntese de citocinas pró-inflamatórias (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6 e IL-1β) e aumento de células T e B, plasmócitos e polimorfonucleares no endométrio, resultando na inflamação intrauterina e interrompendo a circulação uteroplacentária. IL-8 no líquido amniótico pode provocar rompimento da placenta. Na gravidez a síntese de citocinas Th1/Th2 e polimorfonucleares encontram-se reduzida, uma vez que supressão imunológica é essencial para acomodar e proteger o feto. Em gestações saudáveis há níveis elevados de IgG anti-lipofosfoglicano-T. vaginalis quando comparamos grávidas infectadas. Proteína C reativa e fator estimulador de granulócitos estão elevados no soro de grávidas portadoras de tricomoníase. Parto prematuro associado a tricomoníase é atribuído as prostaglandinas que estimulam a contratilidade uterina, síntese e liberação de metaloproteinases, comprometendo membranas corioamnióticas, levando a remodelação da matriz extracelular e colapso do colo uterino. Alterações imunopatógicas decorrentes da tricomoníase alteram homeostase gestacional e podem ter associação com abordo e nascimento precoce. No entanto, pesquisadores apontam a necessidade de mais estudos que possam esclarecer essa associação, incluindo estudos que correlacionem questões culturais, sociais, econômicas, geográficas e patogenicidade das cepas de T. vaginalis

Effect of Bauhinia monandra Kurz Leaf Preparations on Embryonic Stages and Adult Snails of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae and Toxicity in Artemia salina

Biomphalaria glabrata snails constitute the main vector of schistosomiasis in Brazil, and Bauhinia monandra Kurz, the leaves of which contain BmoLL lectin with biocidal action, is a plant widely found on continents in which the disease is endemic. This work describes the composition of B. monandra preparations and the effect on embryos and adult snails, their reproduction parameters and hemocytes. We also describe the results of a comet assay after B. glabrata exposure to sublethal concentrations of the preparations. Additionally, the effects of the preparations on S. mansoni cercariae and environmental monitoring with Artemia salina are described. In the chemical evaluation, cinnamic, flavonoid and saponin derivatives were detected in the two preparations assessed, namely the saline extract and the fraction. Both preparations were toxic to embryos in the blastula, gastrula, trochophore, veliger and hippo stages (LC50 of 0.042 and 0.0478; 0.0417 and 0.0419; 0.0897 and 0.1582; 0.3734 and 0.0974; 0.397 and 0.0970 mg/mL, respectively) and to adult snails (LC50 of 6.6 and 0.87 mg/mL, respectively), which were reproductively affected with decreased egg deposition. In blood cell analysis, characteristic cells for apoptosis, micronucleus and binucleation were detected, while for comet analysis, different degrees of nuclear damage were detected. The fraction was able to cause total mortality of the cercariae and did not present environmental toxicity. Therefore, B. monandra preparations are promising in combating schistosomiasis since they can control both the intermediate host and eliminate the infectious agent, besides being safe to the environment