Nota sobre equidae de Galicia

[Resumen] Se recogen en esta nota los primeros datos numéricos sobre f6siles cuaternarios de Galicia. Si bien estos hallazgos habían sido mencionados repetidamente en la literatura existente sobre el cuaternario de Galicia, no existían, hasta el momento, más que referencias indirectas a los mismos.La rareza en el descubrimiento de restos fósiles en el registro cuaternario gallego, justifica con creces la escasez de referencias sobre la 10calizaci6n estratigráfica de estos fósiles.[Abstract] This note deals with the first numerical data about quaternary fossils in Galicia. The finds refered here was repeatedly mentioned in the literature concerning the Galicia's quaternary, but don't had, to the moment, others than indirect references to them.The scarcity in quaternary fossil data from Galicia, balance the inexistence of references concerning the stratigraphic situation of that fossil

Jet precession in the active nucleus of M81. Ongoing VLBI monitoring

In a recent publication, we reported results of a multi-frequency VLBI campaign of observations of the Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) in galaxy M\,81, phase-referenced to the supernova SN\,1993J. We were able to extract precise information on the relative astrometry of the AGN radio emission at different epochs and frequencies. We found strong evidence of precession in the AGN jet (i.e., a systematic evolution in the jet inclination at each frequency) coupled to changes in the overall flux density at the different frequencies. In these proceedings, we summarise the main contents of our previous publication and we report on (preliminary) new results from our follow-up VLBI observations, now phase-referenced to the young supernova SN2008iz. We also briefly discuss how these results match the picture of our previously-reported precession model.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of EVN meeting 201

La evaluación por competencias de los casos prácticos sobre Derechos Fundamentales

En este trabajo, exponemos una experiencia docente de evaluación de los casos prácticos sobre derechos fundamentales a través de diversas herramientas que permiten objetivar esta tarea mediante la parcelación de la actividad en pequeñas unidades de observación y con referencia a cada una de las competencias trabajadas como son las rúbricas, escalas de valoración, listas de control, etc. A través de ello, se consigue no sólo dar publicidad a los criterios de evaluación y asegurar la transparencia del proceso, sino además proporcionar al alumnado una guía útil que le permite conocer cuál es su progreso y mejorar en su avance, convirtiéndose así en un elemento esencial del proceso formativo del estudiante.In this piece of work, we present a teaching experience in relation to the assessment of case studies on fundamental rights through several tools which allow us to establish some objective criteria to asses this task by means of the division of that task into parcels which involve small observation units and in relation to each competence in work such as rubrics, assessment scales, control lists, etc. When doing this, we achieve not only the publishing of the assessment criteria and the openness of the process but also we provide the students with an useful guide which allows them to know their progress and to improve that progress so it becomes and essential element in the students' formative process

Gaining assurance in a voter-verifiable voting system

The literature on e-voting systems has many examples of discussion of the correctness of the computer and communication algorithms of such systems, as well as discussions of their vulnerabilities. However, a gap in the literature concerns the practical need (before adoption of a specific e-voting system) for a complete case demonstrating that the system as a whole has sufficiently high probability of exhibiting the desired properties when in use in an actual election. This paper discusses the problem of producing such a case, with reference to a specific system: a version of the Prêt à Voter scheme for voter-verifiable e-voting. We show a possible organisation of a case in terms of four main requirements – accuracy, privacy, termination and ‘trustedness’– and show some of the detailed organisation that such a case should have, the diverse kinds of evidence that needs to be gathered and some of the interesting difficulties that arise

CAD in mammography: lesion-level versus case-level analysis of the effects of prompts on human decisions

Object: To understand decision processes in CAD-supported breast screening by analysing how prompts affect readers’ judgements of individual mammographic features (lesions). To this end we analysed hitherto unexamined details of reports completed by mammogram readers in an earlier evaluation of a CAD tool. Material and methods: Assessments of lesions were extracted from 5,839 reports for 59 cancer cases. Statistical analyses of these data focused on what features readers considered when recalling a cancer case and how readers reacted to CAD prompts. Results: About 13.5% of recall decisions were found to be caused by responses to features other than those indicating actual cancer. Effects of CAD: lesions were more likely to be examined if prompted; the presence of a prompt on a cancer increased the probability of both detection and recall especially for less accurate readers in subtler cases; lack of prompts made cancer features less likely to be detected; false prompts made non-cancer features more likely to be classified as cancer. Conclusion: The apparent lack of impact reported for CAD in some studies is plausibly due to CAD systematically affecting readers’ identification of individual features, in a beneficial way for certain combinations of readers and features and a damaging way for others. Mammogram readers do not ignore prompts. Methodologically, assessing CAD by numbers of recalled cancer cases may be misleading

El equus stenonis cocchi como indicador biostatigráfico del plio-pleistoceno en Italia y España

[Resumen] Se esquematiza la cronoestratigrafía de los principales yacimientos de Vertebrados italianos del Plio-pleistoceno, de el Villafranquiense medio al Galerino. Se estudia, desde un punto de vista evolutivo, la presencia de las distintas formas de Equus stenonis Cocchi hasta la llegada de Equus caballus Linn. La comparación de los distintos estadios evolutivos de E. stenonis y su fauna acompañante permiten la elaboración de un Cuadro sinóptico en el cual los yacimientos españoles con Equus se correlacionan con sus sincrónicos italianos sobre una base estratigráfica comparada (BONADONNA, 1982; ARIAS et all., 1982) con los principales eventos geológicos en Europa[Abstract] The chronostratigraphy of the Plio-pleistocene marnmals italian deposits from middle Villafranchian to Galerian is surnmarized. The presence of different forms of Equus stenonis Cocchi until the appearance of the first kinds of Equus caballus Linn. is studied by an evolutive point of view. The comparison among the different evolutive levels of Equus stenonis and the associated fauna allow us to build a synoptic Table in which the spanish deposits with Equus are correlate to analogous italian ones ln a stratigraphic scale yet compared (BONADONNA, 1982; ARIAS et all., 1982) to the most important geological event ln Europ

Use of computer-aided detection (CAD) tools in screening mammography: a multidisciplinary investigation

We summarise a set of analyses and studies conducted to assess the effects of the use of a computer-aided detection (CAD) tool in breast screening. We have used an interdisciplinary approach that combines: (a) statistical analyses inspired by reliability modelling in engineering; (b) experimental studies of decisions of mammography experts using the tool, interpreted in the light of human factors psychology; and (c) ethnographic observations of the use of the tool both in trial conditions and in everyday screening practice. Our investigations have shown patterns of human behaviour and effects of computer-based advice that would not have been revealed by a standard clinical trial approach. For example, we found that the negligible measured effect of CAD could be explained by a range of effects on experts' decisions, beneficial in some cases and detrimental in others. There is some evidence of the latter effects being due to the experts using the computer tool differently from the intentions of the developers. We integrate insights from the different pieces of evidence and highlight their implications for the design, evaluation and deployment of this sort of computer tool

Radio continuum and X-ray emission from the most extreme FIR-excess galaxy NGC 1377: An extremely obscured AGN revealed

Galaxies which strongly deviate from the radio-far IR correlation are of great importance for studies of galaxy evolution as they may be tracing early, short-lived stages of starbursts and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The most extreme FIR-excess galaxy NGC1377 has long been interpreted as a young dusty starburst, but millimeter observations of CO lines revealed a powerful collimated molecular outflow which cannot be explained by star formation alone. We present new radio observations at 1.5 and 10 GHz obtained with the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) and Chandra X-ray observations towards NGC1377. The observations are compared to synthetic starburst models to constrain the properties of the central energy source. We obtained the first detection of the cm radio continuum and X-ray emission in NGC1377. We find that the radio emission is distributed in two components, one on the nucleus and another offset by 4$"$.5 to the South-West. We confirm the extreme FIR-excess of the galaxy, with a $q_\mathrm{FIR}\simeq$4.2, which deviates by more than 7-$\sigma$ from the radio-FIR correlation. Soft X-ray emission is detected on the off-nucleus component. From the radio emission we estimate for a young ($<10$ Myr) starburst a star formation rate SFR$<$0.1 M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. Such a SFR is not sufficient to power the observed IR luminosity and to drive the CO outflow. We find that a young starburst cannot reproduce all the observed properties of the nucleus of NGC1377. We suggest that the galaxy may be harboring a radio-quiet, obscured AGN of 10$^6$M$_\odot$, accreting at near-Eddington rates. We speculate that the off-nucleus component may be tracing an hot-spot in the AGN jet.Comment: 14 pages, accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics on 08/07/201