Podwójne znakowanie immunologiczne CD133 i Ki-67 wskazuje na ich istotną współlokalizację w podtypie włóknistym oponiaków

Background and purpose A unique molecular and/or cellular marker for meningiomas, the most common intracranial tumours, has not been identified yet. Material and methods We investigated the co-localization fraction of CD133/Ki-67 in meningioma tissue array slide composed of 80 meningioma tissue samples of various histological variants. CD133 – a cell membrane stem cell marker – was previously proved to be associated with the initiation and progression of intracerebral gliomas and medulloblastomas. Results Immunohistochemical co-localization of CD133/Ki-67 was significantly higher in fibroblastic variant than in meningothelial and transitional subtypes. However, since there were only 3 atypical and 1 malignant meningioma spots in the tumour tissue array slide, it is difficult to draw a firm conclusion regarding the actual co-localization percentage and persistence of CD133/Ki-67 in atypical and malignant meningiomas. Conclusions Far higher co-staining percentage of CD133/Ki-67 in fibroblastic meningioma samples compared to meningothelial subtype, a histological meningioma variant, architectonically resembling the non-neoplastic meningeal cells, gave us the impression that CD133 may play a role in the formation and progression of fibroblastic meningioma variants. The persistency and the validity of this finding need to be verified by further histopathological and molecular research in order to clarify the possible role of CD133 in meningiogenesis.Wstęp i cel pracy Nie określono dotąd unikalnego znacznika molekularnego lub komórkowego dla oponiaków, najczęstszych guzów wewnątrzczaszkowych. Wcześniej wykazano, że CD133 – znacznik błony komórkowej komórek macierzystych – jest związany z zapoczątkowaniem, a także wzrostem wewnątrzczaszkowych glejaków i rdzeniaków płodowych. Materiał i metody Zbadano odsetek współlokalizacji CD133/Ki-67 w zestawach macierzy tkankowych oponiaków, złożonych z próbek 80 rozmaitych odmian histologicznych oponiaków. Wyniki Immunohistochemiczna współlokalizacja CD133 i Ki-67 była stwierdzana istotnie częściej w podtypie włóknistym oponiaka niż w podtypach meningotelialnym lub przejściowym. Ze względu na małą liczbę preparatów opo-niaków atypowych (3) oraz złośliwych (1) w badanej macierzy tkankowej trudno wyciągnąć jednoznaczne wnioski dotyczące rzeczywistego odsetka współlokalizacji i utrzymywania się CD133/Ki-67 w oponiakach atypowych i złośliwych. Wnioski Znacząco większy odsetek wspólnie występującej reaktywności CD133/Ki-67 w preparatach oponiaka włóknistego w porównaniu z podtypem meningotelialnym, którego architektonika przypomina nienowotworowe komórki opon, sprawia wrażenie, że CD133 może odgrywać rolę w powstawaniu i rozwoju oponiaków włóknistych. Trafność tego spostrzeżenia wymaga weryfikacji w dalszych badaniach histopatologicznych i molekularnych w celu wyjaśnienia możliwej roli CD133 w powstawaniu oponiaków

Role of factors in eHealth literacy in period of COVID-19: a study of Turkey

PurposeThis study aims to understand the eHealth literacy skills of chronic patients and to explore the relations, patterns between eHealth literacy skills and different factors such as demographics, search strategies and health information sources and to explain their effects on eHealth literacy in Turkey in Izmir in COVID-19 outbreak.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative method was used in the study including a questionnaire. A total of 604 chronic patients responded to the questionnaire who applied the five popularly identified hospitals in Izmir in Turkey. CHAID analysis method was implemented to explore the strongest correlation between eHealth literacy and independent variables.FindingsUsing different social media types were correlated with patients' eHealth literacy scores. Using Facebook, Twitter were the supportive predictors for the eHealth literacy scores. However, digital literacy was highly important for eHealth literacy.Originality/valueThis study shows that the social media channels which provides much more information such as Facebook and Twitter for the chronic patient. This could be beneficial for the eHealth tools and social media content developers in terms of the supply of health information. Moreover, the study gives ideas about the effect of digital literacy and the importance of health information provided

Use of distraction radiography in canine hip dysplasia: a comparison of early and late results with two different distractors

In recent years, radiologic detection of passive joint laxity, i.e., distraction radiography, has become important in the early diagnosis of hip dysplasia in dogs. In this study, Ortolani Diagnosis and Distraction Index (DI), i.e., radiographic passive joint laxity, were determined for 122 dogs between 3- and 9-months-of-age, and this data was compared with adult period control radiographies (the period after 18-months-of-age). By this means an attempt was made to determine the relation between DI and Ortolani diagnosis, Norberg angle and Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI) classiflcation. A high correlation was established between the results taken by two types (PennHip and wooden lath) of distractors. Although no correlation was found between breed, age, sex, body weight and DI measurement, a significant correlation was found between DI measurement and FCI classiflcation and Norberg angles after the age of 18 months. On the other hand, no signiflcant correlation was found between Ortolani diagnosis and DI measurement and FCI-Norberg data after the age of 18 months. Consequently, the usage of distraction radiography was observed to be more effective than other clinical and radiographic methods in the early diagnosis of hip dysplasia in dogs

Effect of Interferon alfa-2a Treatment on Adaptive and Innate Immune Systems in Patients With Behcet Disease Uveitis

PURPOSE. To investigate the effect of interferon alfa-2a on T regulatory (Treg) cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells, and expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in Behcet disease (BD) patients with uveitis

Topical Application of Cyclosporine Reduces Epineurial Fibrosis: Gross Post-surgical, Histopathological and Ultrastructural Analysis in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Model

AIm: To investigate the anti-scarring potential of topical cyclosporine on rat sciatic nerves. mATERIAl and mEThODS: Both sciatic nerves were exposed in 24 adult male albino Wistar rats, and an abrasion injury was made on the biceps femoris close to the sciatic nerve. Cotton pads soaked with cyclosporine (5 mg/mL) and saline (0.9% NaCl) were placed around the nerves for 10 minutes in the experimental group and control group, respectively. All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks later and the sciatic nerves were examined. Epineurial adhesions were assessed using light and electron microscopy. Quantitative histological parameters, epineurial thickness, and scar density were evaluated in the histological investigation. RESUlTS: Significantly fewer epineurial adhesions were observed in the cyclosporine group in the post-surgical assessment, and the histopathological and ultrastructural examinations of the nerve segments than in the controls. The cyclosporine-treated animals had a statistically significant reduction in the density and quantity of epineurial scarring compared with the controls. CONClUSION: Topical cyclosporine effectively reduces epineurial scar formation on rat sciatic nervesAIm: To investigate the anti-scarring potential of topical cyclosporine on rat sciatic nerves. mATERIAl and mEThODS: Both sciatic nerves were exposed in 24 adult male albino Wistar rats, and an abrasion injury was made on the biceps femoris close to the sciatic nerve. Cotton pads soaked with cyclosporine (5 mg/mL) and saline (0.9% NaCl) were placed around the nerves for 10 minutes in the experimental group and control group, respectively. All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks later and the sciatic nerves were examined. Epineurial adhesions were assessed using light and electron microscopy. Quantitative histological parameters, epineurial thickness, and scar density were evaluated in the histological investigation. RESUlTS: Significantly fewer epineurial adhesions were observed in the cyclosporine group in the post-surgical assessment, and the histopathological and ultrastructural examinations of the nerve segments than in the controls. The cyclosporine-treated animals had a statistically significant reduction in the density and quantity of epineurial scarring compared with the controls. CONClUSION: Topical cyclosporine effectively reduces epineurial scar formation on rat sciatic nerve

Does Combined Antipsychotic Treatment Provide Better Control on Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia than the Monotherapy?

Objective: Combined antipsychotic treatment is frequently used in clinical practice either to improve the symptom control or to reduce the severity of side effects. The expected benefits by combining different antipsychotics include active cross-titration and co-utilization of different administration routes of the therapeutic agents. However, except the add-on therapies to clozapine, there is no objective evidence implying the superiority of combined therapy over monotherapy. Furthermore, there are a number of published case reports of significant side effects accompanying combined antipsychotic usage such as extrapyramidal and metabolic symptoms, seizures, and electrocardiographic abnormalities. It is also argued that switching into a new therapeutic agent might be more beneficial than augmenting the ongoing medication by polypharmacy. Here, we studied on a group of hospitalized schizophrenia patients in a training and research hospital in Turkey whether the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) scores differ between the patients under monotherapy and combined therapy

Effect of BTN162b2 and CoronaVac boosters on humoral and cellular immunity of individuals previously fully vaccinated with CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2: A longitudinal study

Background It is essential to know about immune response levels after booster doses of the two different types of vaccines, mRNA, and the inactivated, currently used against COVID-19. For this purpose, we aimed to determine the effects of BNT162b2 (BNT) and CoronaVac (CV) boosters on the humoral and cellular immunity of individuals who had two doses of CV vaccination. Methods The study was conducted in three centers (Koc University Hospital, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Hospital, and Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School Hospital) in Istanbul, Turkey. Individuals who had been previously immunized with two doses of CV and no history of COVID-19 were included. The baseline blood samples were collected 3-5 months after the second dose of CV. Follow-up blood samples were taken 1 and 3 months after administration of third doses of CV, or one dose of BNT boosters. Neutralizing antibody titers were measured by plaque reduction assay. The CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, effector CD4+CD38+CD69+ T cell, and effector CD8+CD38+CD69+ T cell ratios were determined by flow cytometry. The intracellular IFN-gamma and IL-2 responses were measured by ELISpot assay. Results We found a 3.38-fold increase in neutralizing antibody geometric mean titers (NA GMT, 78.69) 1 month after BNT booster and maintained at the third month (NA GMT, 80). Nevertheless, in the CV booster group, significantly lower NA GMT than BNT after 1 month and 3 months were observed (21.44 and 28.44, respectively) (p < .001). In the ELISpot assay, IL-2 levels after BNT were higher than baseline and CV booster (p < .001) while IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher than baseline (p < .001). The CD8+CD38+CD69+ and CD4+CD38+CD69+ T cells were stimulated predominantly in the third month of the BNT boosters. Conclusion The neutralizing antibody levels after 3 months of the BNT booster were higher than the antibody levels after CV in fully vaccinated individuals. On the contrary, ratio of the effector T cells increased along with greater IFN-gamma activation after BNT booster. By considering the waning immunity, we suggest a new booster dose with BNT for the countries that already had two doses of primary CV regimens