The Effects of Roster Turnover on Demand in the National Basketball Association

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of roster turnover on demand in the National Basketball Association (NBA) over a five-year period (2000-2005) and compare these results to previous research on turnover in Major League Baseball (MLB). A censored regression equation was developed to examine the relationship between roster turnover and season attendance, while controlling for other potentially confounding variables in the model. The censored regression model was used to account for the capacity constraints by forecasting the level of demand beyond capacity using information from the uncensored observations. The regression model was found to be significant with a log-likelihood statistic of 110.446. Previous attendance, current winning percentage, previous winning percentage, number of all-star players, and team history were found to be significant predictors of attendance. However, the variables measuring the effects of roster turnover were not found to be significant. There were substantial differences in the effect of roster turnover on attendance in the NBA compared with MLB. In addition, these findings provide evidence for using censored regression when dealing with constrained variables. Sellouts in the NBA appear to have an effect on all of the variables in the demand model. Future research will need to be conducted to help sport managers understand the role of roster turnover in specific professional leagues and to better understand the importance of using a censored regression model.basketball; roster turnover; demand; regression; censored regression

Qualitative Research in Sport Management: Case Study as a Methodological Approach

This paper presents qualitative research in sport management and suggests that case study is an appropriate qualitative methodology for research and practice in sport finance. The purpose of qualitative methodology is presented along with the process of a case study. The intention of this paper, for academicians working in sport management, is twofold. The first aspect is for researchers to consider using qualitative case study methodology in instances where such practice will progress the knowledge and understanding of specific situations while invoking a deeper response to research questions. The second facet of this paper focuses on the framework of case study methodology, as applied to a research project in the field of sport finance

Developing Assessment Strategies for a New Undergraduate Program and an Established Doctoral Program

In order to enhance and better assess the sport administration program\u27s new undergraduate emphasis and current doctoral program, an external consultant was brought to campus. Dr. Chad McEvoy of Northern Illinois University, an alumnus of the doctoral program, visited in August. Dr. McEvoy provided several recommendations that have already been implemented, such as the creation of two new undergraduate courses. We have also begun to revise our assessment of doctoral students via a qualifying examination and yearly interviews. This project is still in progress as we implement other recommendations, and attempt to bring in another consultant

Investigating Multiplicity: Institutional Logics and Division II Commuter Student Athletes

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of commuter student athletes who were hypothesized to experience a multiplicity of institutional logics while competing at the NCAA Division II level. Second, if multiple competing logics were present, the authors intended to test a theoretical model of logic multiplicity development. Utilizing a case study methodology, the authors collected data from commuter student athletes competing at the Division II level. The study’s findings indicated that commuter student athletes perceived the presence of multiple competing logics and that these logics indicated an aligned or minimally estranged organization. In particular, the high compatibility and high centrality of multiple competing logics signified an organization aligned between academic, athletic, and family values, whereas the low centrality and low compatibility of social identification and societal factors denoted an estranged organization for commuter student athletes. The implications of this research within sport management are presented herein

Revisiting the Impact of Divisional Affiliation on Secondary Market Ticket Prices in the National Football League

With the emergence of demand-based ticket pricing, professional sport organizations and marketers will benefit from a thorough understanding of pricing in the demand-driven secondary market. Ticket pricing studies often take divisional affiliation as a control variable; little research has focused on and examined the importance of divisional affiliation for secondary market ticket prices. Different from work indicating consumers’ preference for divisional games, this study revealed that higher ticket prices (i.e., consumer demand) accompanied non-divisional games. Additionally, the number of years between the away team’s visit to the home team’s stadium and the away team’s current winning percentage each played a significant role (explained by roughly 49% of the variance) in higher ticket prices for non-divisional games in the National Football League

Synthesis and reactivity of rhenium and technetium polyaryl complexes

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 1998.Vita.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 162-163).Chapter 1. The organometallic chemistry of rhenium includes a variety of [sigma]-aryl complexes. The syntheses and structures for these complexes follow a pattern that relates predominantly to their oxidation states. The high oxidation state compounds all contain oxo or imido ligands. The low oxidation state complexes are mostly carbonyl and phosphine complexes, many of which result from orthometallation of a ligand. The middle oxidation state compounds bridge the motifs seen in the higher and lower oxidation states. A summary of rhenium-carbon bond lengths is presented. Chapter 2. Several complexes of the form Re(aryl)3(PMe2Ph)2 have been synthesized from ReCl 3 (PMe 2 Ph) 3, where aryl is m-tolyl, p-tolyl, phenyl, or p-methoxyphenyl. The complex Re(p-tolyl)3(THT)2 (THT = tetrahydrothiophene) was synthesized from ReBr3(THT) 3 and was structurally characterized by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study. It was found to have a nearly ideal trigonal bipyramidal structure with a propeller arrangment of aryl rings in the trigonal plane. The average Re-C bond length in Re(p-tolyl)3(THT)2 was 2.04 Å. Treating in situ solutions of Re(p-tolyl)3(THT)2 with phosphines results in complexes of the form Re(ptolyl) 3(PR3)2, where PR3 is PMe2Ph, PPh3 or PMe3. Several polyaryl rhenium complexes with chelating phosphines are synthesized and examined. Chapter 3. The complex Re(p-tolyl)3(PMe2Ph) 2 is used as a probe to study the stability and reactivity of rhenium tris(aryl) complexes. The complexes are stable to temperature and substitution, but decompose in the presence of many oxidants by forming biphenyl as a reductive elimination product and unknown rhenium complexes without coordinated aryl groups. In the presence of carbon monoxide, Re(p-tolyl)3(PMe2Ph)2 reductively eliminates biphenyl and forms the rhenium(I) complex mer- Re(CO)3(PMe2Ph)2(p-tolyl). An X-ray structural analysis of mer- Re(CO)3(PMe2Ph)2(p-tolyl) shows a nearly ideal octahedral geometry with a long Re-C aryl bond length of 2.19 A. The complex Re(CO) 3 (PMe2Ph) 2 (ptolyl) can be treated with iodine to form Re(CO) 3 (PMe 2Ph) 21. Chapter 4. Technetium has a limited number of known organometallic compounds. Most of these complexes have carbonyl or isonitrile ligands. A small number of technetium complexes have anionic or polyhapto organometallic ligands. These include a variety of cyclopentadienyl complexes and r 6 -arene complexes. Recently, the organometallic complexes of technetium have come to include ll-sigma donors as well as multiply bonded alkylidenes and alkylidynes. A summary of technetiumcarbon bond lengths is presented. Chapter 5. The first technetium aryl complexes were synthesized from TcC13(PMe2Ph)3. They have the general formula Tc(aryl)3(PMe2Ph)2, where aryl is p-tolyl, m-tolyl, or phenyl. The complex Tc(ptolyl) 3(PMe2Ph)2 was structurally characterized by a single crystal X-ray diffraction study which found the technetium in a trigonal bipyramidal arrangment with a Tc-C average bond length of 2.037 A. Both the m-tolyl and p-tolyl analogs of Tc(aryl)3(PMe2Ph)2 react with carbon monoxide to reductively eliminate biphenyl and benzophenone resulting in technetium(I) complexes of the form Tc(CO)3(PMe2Ph)2(aryl). An X-ray structural analysis of Tc(CO) 3(PMe 2Ph)2(m-tolyl) showed an octahedral coordination around the metal with a long Tc-C bond length of 2.242 A. The complex Tc(p-tolyl)3(PMe2Ph) 2 also reacts with tBuNC to form a technetium(I) organometallic oil formulated as Tc(tBuNC) 3 (PMe 2Ph) 2(ptolyl). The complex TcC14(THT) 2 (THT = tetrahydrothiophene) was synthesized from TcC16 2- and was structurally characterized by an X-ray crystallographic analysis. The structure for TcC14 (THT) 2 showed a standard octahedral coordination around the technetium(IV) center.by Christopher Alan Morse.Ph.D

Intercollegiate Athletics Marketing-Generated Revenue: Within Autonomy Football Bowl Subdivision

Intercollegiate athletic market-generating revenue (MGR) is of interest to administrators for increasing institution revenue. The driving factors of MGR (i.e., conference, facilities, and finances) need to be understood to allow target level planning for increasing MGR. Multiple linear regression was used to assess MGR on a sample of U.S. autonomy Football Bowl Subdivision institutions. Per capita attendance by designated marketing area, capacity, and contributions were shown to have a strong, quantifiable influence on MGR. By setting the levels of the facility and financial determinant variables, and adjusting for conference, the MGR may be predicted or targeted for institution revenue goals

Factors Influencing Collegiate Athletic Department Revenues

One of the primary challenges of Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) collegiate athletic programs is revenue generation, particularly in light of increasing costs and competition. Surprisingly, a limited number of studies have investigated factors related to athletic department-generated revenues. A statistically significant multiple regression model was created, explaining 76.7 percent of the variance in annual generated revenues among FBS programs. Factors such as conference affiliation, success in football and men’s basketball, enrollment, and time were identified as important in predicting revenue generation. The Revenue Theory of Costs was put forth as a framework for better understanding the financial behavior of intercollegiate athletic programs

Punching a Ticket to the Big Dance: A Critical Analysis of At-Large Selection Into the NCAA Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament

The NCAA Division I Men’s Basketball Tournament at-large selection process is a highly scrutinized system. A selection committee made up of ten members is asked to select teams based on guidelines set forth by the NCAA. However, committee members indicate that other factors are also considered. Due to the financial benefits associated with a tournament appearance, it is important to closely examine the committee’s decision making process in order to identify possible sources of bias, which may put some teams at a competitive disadvantage. The purpose of this study was to examine direct and indirect attributes of teams that finished in the RPI top 100 between 1999 and 2007 (N = 695) to provide a critical analysis of the selection process. The results of a logistic regression model suggested that most of the criticism received by the selection committee is unwarranted. Overall, previous selections matched most of the performance-based guidelines that are used by the selection committee. However, conference classification was a significant predictor of selection, and this may provide evidence of a major conference bias. Specific misclassifications were identified in the examination, which help to illuminate this bias. In summary, this study discusses the importance of critically analyzing the tournament selection process due to the financial implications of an at-large tournament invitation. The results of this investigation provide vital information that could be utilized by the NCAA to monitor and adjust the current selection process