Behrens-Fisher Analogs for Discrete and Survival Data

Discrete data often exhibit variation greater or smaller than predicted by a simple model. Negative binomial distribution and beta-binomial distribution are popular and widely used to accommodate the extra-Poisson and extra-binomial variations respectively in analyzing discrete data. Weibull distribution is one of the most popular distributions in survival data analysis. Often both discrete and survival data appear in groups and it may be of interest to compare certain characteristics of two groups of such data. The purpose of this dissertation is to deal with Behrens-Fisher analogs for data that follow negative binomial, beta-binomial and Weibull distributions. We first develop six test procedures, namely, LR, LR ( bc ), T 2 , T 2 ( bc ), T 1 and T N , for testing the equality of two negative binomial means assuming unequal dispersion parameters. A simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of the test procedures. Two sets of data are analyzed. For small to moderate sample sizes, the statistic T 1 shows best overall performance. For large sample sizes, all six statistics perform well and are found similar in terms of maintaining size and power. We, then, develop eight test procedures, namely, LR, C ml , C kmm , C qb , C qs , C eq , C rs and C ars , for testing the equality of proportions in two beta-binomial distributions where the dispersion parameters are assumed unknown and unequal. These test procedures are compared through simulation studies and data analysis. The LR test is observed to maintain the nominal level reasonably well accompanied with the best power performance. The next best is the performance of the statistic C eq in terms of nominal level and power. Last but not least, we develop four test procedures, namely, LR, C ml , C cr and C tg , for testing the equality of scale parameters of two Weibull distributions where the shape parameters are unequal and compare these statistics through simulation studies and data analysis. For small sample sizes, the statistics LR and C ml hold nominal level most effectively. The statistic C cr shows highest power although its level is also higher (liberal). For moderate and large sample sizes the overall performance of the statistic LR is found to be superior to others

Based on Arithmetic Study of Image Processing and Recognition for Mosquito Detecting and Position Tracking

蚊子的系统性检测与杀灭在控制与防治疟疾方面十分重要，因而其过程极具研究价值和创新。本课题基于识别技术分析了蚊子的物理特征、区域性及行为模式，所采用的图像处理方法可满足研究人员直接检测出蚊子及其位置的功能要求。研究表明，利用上述研究方法分析蚊子的物理特征、区域性及行为模式能够将蚊子检测并区分出来。本文同时对蚊子的模式和区分特征进行了研究。图像处理检测过程中考虑蚊子的尺寸、数量、喙、体型、颜色、触须、后肢和形状参数等因素，所获取的全部信息将用于形成蚊子的检测算法。本研究以三只蚊子为实验对象，进行了蚊子的特征描述和有关数据的统计分析。作为蚊子检测的关键技术，蚊子图像处理中所涉及的数字图像处理的数字化...The systematic detection and elimination of mosquitoes are a valuable process, the results of which could be important in the fight against Malaria. In this study, image processing is used, allowing the researchers to detect the mosquitoes and their locations. Mosquitoes' physical characteristics, territorial and behavioral patterns were also analyzed by pattern recognition of the mosquito. It is ...学位：工学博士院系专业：物理与机电工程学院_机械电子工程学号：1992011015419

A Double-Layer Blockchain Based Trust Management Model for Secure Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) enables vehicles to share data that help vehicles perceive the surrounding environment. However, vehicles can spread false information to other IoV nodes; this incorrect information misleads vehicles and causes confusion in traffic, therefore, a vehicular trust model is needed to check the trustworthiness of the message. To eliminate the spread of false information and detect malicious nodes, we propose a double-layer blockchain trust management (DLBTM) mechanism to objectively and accurately evaluate the trustworthiness of vehicle messages. The double-layer blockchain consists of the vehicle blockchain and the RSU blockchain. We also quantify the evaluation behavior of vehicles to show the trust value of the vehicle’s historical behavior. Our DLBTM uses logistic regression to accurately compute the trust value of vehicles, and then predict the probability of vehicles providing satisfactory service to other nodes in the next stage. The simulation results show that our DLBTM can effectively identify malicious nodes, and over time, the system can recognize at least 90% of malicious nodes

Survival Analysis of Tumor using 7 Tesla MRI

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI7) is a very powerful imaging technique for the assessment of stroke aetiology (Condition) and brain imaging. Another class of MRI is ultrahigh frequency based MRI using 7 Tesla is now developed by seamen’s for better imaging in humans. This study examines these MRI. Thisarticle highlights an alternative approach, denoted “interval monitoring,” whose aims is related with more timely detection of tumor cancer changes. The conceptual background and the computational realization of the proposed method are outlined, and its application is illustrated by an empirical example from the image-based photo science, cancer registry of America. Monitoring of cancer patient survival is the first step of its cure so across the globe practice routinely employed by many cancer registries, which is an essential component for its cure. However, changes in prognosis over time are disclosed withconsiderable delay, with traditional methods of monitoring cumulative survival. Our study took sequence of MRI images, GMPLS function locate the cancer after filtering and skeletonization. This study saves time and difference for calculation of cancer equation. This study uses statistical technique to get the desired matrix, further its inverse provides us real time mathematical equation which is unique for each patient. Further survivor analysis is employed to achieve the break or death of subject. The Aim of this research is to provide unique mathematical model of a cancer patient, provides real time graph aboutcancer health and survivor function depicts the death of subject respectively

Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Outdoor Lighting - A Bet for the Future

Electricity from PKL tree has been developed using PKL extract previously. In this work, electricity production has been developed using living PKL tree. It has been studied that an electrochemical cell has been developed using living PKL tree. The experimental data have been demonstrated in that way, hence this method is feasible and effective. Electricity has been conducted from PKL (Pathor Kuchi leaf) using PKL extract with positive and negative electrodes. Several research papers have been published on it in the recognized journal at home and abroad. This research work has expressed the electricity generation from living PKL tree. It can be found that due to the difference of the pH between the soil and the living PKL tree, electricity can be produced. The performance of this electricity has been studied. This work has been developed by authors, which produced electricity from living PKL tree without damaging the PKL plants. The unused suitable land areas such as hilly areas, forest areas, and coastal areas, those could supply clean power for remote communities all over the world

Health Problems and Health Care Seeking Behaviour of Rohingya Refugees

Background: Rohingya refugees are one of the most vulnerable group due to lack of health care system, personal hygiene, shelter, sanitation and violence. Aim: The present study aims to find out the health problems and health care seeking behavior of rohingya refugees, to identify the socio-demographic information for such exposure group in relation to age, sex, occupation, living areas, to explore the patient’s physical, emotional, perceptions, attitudes and environmental health problems and to bring out health care seeking behavior of refugees. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 149 samples were selected conveniently for this study from the refugee camps. Data was collected by using mixed type of questionnaire. Descriptive statistic was used for data analysis which has depicted through tables, pie chart and bar chart. Results: The finding of the study showed that 45.6% participants had multiple problems, followed by 16.8% participants who had other specific problems like musculoskeletal pain, visual problems and peptic ulcer. Urinary tract infection was the leading individual health problem with 11.4% of the sample group having it. 10.7% participants had hypertension, 6% had respiratory tract infection, 3.4% had nutrition deficiency, 4.75% had diabetes mellitus and 1.3% had sanitation & hygiene problems. Among the participants, 68.4% age ranged between 15-59 years. The study showed that, only 16.1% participants were satisfied with the quality of service they received while 37.6% participants said that they needed better services such as more laboratory test, radiological imaging, more medicine and more doctors. Conclusion: It is clear that refugees suffered from a variety of health problems, because their living condition and environmental situation were not similar like an independent nation. Further, basic amenities like medicines and other services were not available

Experimental investigation on the properties of concrete containing post-consumer plastic waste as coarse aggregate replacement

The consumption of various forms of plastic has been increased in recent days due to the boost in industrialization and other human activities. Most of the plastic wastes are abandoned and require large landfill area for storage. More importantly, the low biodegradability of plastic poses a serious threat to environment protection issue. Various methods have been followed for the disposal of plastic in an attempt to reduce the negative impact of the plastic on the environment. Recently, various types of plastic have been incorporated in concrete to minimize the exposure of plastic to the environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the properties of concrete containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic that were used as partial replacement of coarse aggregate (CA). In this study, four compositions of stone aggregate(S): plastic waste ratios have been used by volume basis: 100% S: 0% Plastic (control concrete), 90% S: 10% PET, 90% S: 10% HDPE, and 90% S: 5% PET+5% HDPE. The effects of waste plastic addition on the mechanical properties of concrete are presented in this paper. Test results reveal that minimum reduction in compressive strength has been found 35% in case of 10% PET plastic replaced concrete whereas splitting tensile strength for 10% PET replaced concrete has been increased by 21% while compared to control concrete. In addition, fresh unit weight of concrete containing plastic waste has been decreased by 4% in comparison to control concrete

Dynamic Response of Bowstring-arch Highway Bridge Subjected to Above and Below Deck Close-range Large Explosion

Explosion incidents that are unforeseen can lead to the occurrence of extreme loads, resulting in the generation of remarkably high stress levels within the materials comprising various structures. This can cause significant damage to crucial elements and potentially trigger a disproportionate collapse or even initiate a progressive collapse. Bridge structures, which serve as vital lifelines for cosmopolitan areas and strategic bordering environments, hold immense economic and political significance. The failure of these structures can have severe consequences with far-reaching implications. The use of a steel bowstring-arch bridge is a practical choice for congested crossings and remote border areas where spans are short. However, the current design codes for bridges do not take into account high-strain loadings such as blasts or impacts, nor do they provide recommendations for preventing these occurrences during construction or throughout the lifespan of the bridge. Explosive incidents cause greater damage in terms of material damage and loss compared to earthquakes. There has been limited investigation into how steel-concrete bridges respond to explosions in the past. This study examines the numerical analysis of a bowstring-arch highway girder bridge made of steel and concrete. The bridge is supported at both ends and is subjected to close-range concentric explosions above and below the deck at the center and end of the bridge. To model the bridge and predict its behavior, the authors utilized the Abaqus software suite. For the analysis, a significant quantity of TNT weighing 1.63-tonne has been positioned at the midpoint of the bridge and is defined using the Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme. The transmission of the explosive shockwaves within the bridge material under the given loading circumstances is illustrated and elucidated. The behavior of the bridge is examined in relation to plastic deformations, primary stress, displacement, size of the crater, and overall energy of damage

Effect of Obliquely Directed Brick TNT Explosive on Slab Response under Contact Explosion

To design defense infrastructures and facilities, available prominent resources namely UFC 3-340-02, TM 5-1300, ASCE/SEI 59-11 and IS 4991, primarily consider test results from spherical explosives detonations whereas most of the explosives used in warfare and industrial/conventional operations have cylindrical/brick geometric form. Available research works in the literature considering various aspect ratios of cylinder TNT with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the slab and of brick TNT having its length parallel to the supports and with its length and breadth in contact with the one-way slab, demonstrate that out of the three geometric forms (cylinder, sphere, and brick) of the explosive of the same mass; cylindrical explosive generates maximum pressure and the brick explosive produces the minimum. The authors discern that the obliqueness of the brick/cylindrical explosive with reference to the boundary condition of the slab influences the energy distribution and corresponding slab damage. In this paper, the effect of obliquely directed brick TNT explosive on slab response under contact explosion is examined in Abaqus software with a focus on comparing the slab damage and other responses with varying obliqueness of the explosive from 0° to 90° with increments of 22-1/2 degree. The numerical findings of the brick explosive having its length aligned with the slab supports demonstrate a strong correlation with the experimental results. The findings indicate that the maximum reflected pressure varies with the obliqueness of the brick explosive and consequently affects the slab damage including perforation size and geometry

IOT Based Solar Powered Automated Fish Feeding System

To minimize manual labor in aquaculture, this paper proposed an IOT-based solar-powered automated fish feeding system. Fish feeders will be readily managed from mobile phones utilizing the mobile app and the dashboard with only one click at any time and from anywhere. To create such a system, we utilized Arduino, DC gear motor, ESP32+SIM800L, and MATLAB Simulink to analyze the system outcome. The simulation of our design was done in MATLAB Simulink. In MATLAB Simulink from the DC power generation unit, the monitoring data will be the generated DC voltage, current, power, etc. The hardware design of the prototype is also demonstrated.  The individual is capable to instruct the system through a wireless connection at a specific time to supply food to the fish. The major goals of this project are to offer consistent feeding without interfering with the owner's job. An IOT-based and smart power managing system confirmed the feasibility of the use of the proposed system with a prototype hardware system including simulation results