Impact of Ethno-Religious Violence on Housing Delivery in Nigeria

Nigeria is an agglomeration of different ethnic nationalities with multiplicity of religious inclination of which Christianity and Islam are the dominant. The high level of intra and inter-ethnic rivalry between ethnic nationalities and extreme religious intolerance has resulted in many catastrophic clashes. These clashes have unquantifiable debilitating effects on the equilibrium of housing supply and delivery. The paper through deductive approach from secondary data in literature review, and descriptive analysis, examined the various ethno-religious violence from post-independence Nigeria and their causes in other to establish the impact on the housing sector. Findings revealed that the importance of houses in the African set up is beyond mere shelter, but are sacred and generational assets worth bequeathing. This underscores the reason it becomes target for attacks during ethno-religious violence. Deductive inferences made indicated that the more the loss of lives, the more number of internally is placed persons, the more the severity of the violence on housing and number of displaced persons. The study concluded that conflict resolution strategies are most required for a sustainable urban housing growt

Predicting Revolutionary Pedagogic Practices from Architectural Design Studio Culture Habitus of the Selected Nigerian Universities

Encapsulated within the envelope of the architectural studio are the design studio culture activities and attitudinal patterns exhibited in the nuclei of the learning environment of architecture schools. The connecting thread between architectural revolutionary pedagogic practices and studio Culture is still tied in most architecture schools. Evidently, up till now, little or no empirical documentation has been done in line with predictors of revolutionary pedagogical practices in schools. This study investigated the design studio culture as a predictor of revolutionary pedagogic practices to demystify the myths and complexities enshrined around the studio habitus. The methodology engaged a survey design strategy; the primary data were collected using observations, oral-focussed group interviews, and questionnaires. At the same time, the secondary data was collected from the archives, government reports, records and literature. Also, the design studios, students and teachers were used as the sampling frame. The unit of analysis was from 300,400 or 500; and M. Sc1 and M.Sc2 Classes; inclusive of design studios Teachers, Mentors and Instructors. A purposive sampling technique was adopted at multi-stage stratified levels. SPSS was used as analytic apparatus to analyse Responses from the Teachers and Students, while content analysis was used to evaluate the interviews and observations. The findings showed that the most significant predictor of Revolutionary Pedagogic Practices was studio Culture Spectrum in three (3) hierarchical orders: (i) the Demystification of studio culture, (ii) Motivational Factors and (iii) Studio Culture ethics and Code of conduct. This study established that the different Revolutionary Pedagogic studio practices employed in the four selected schools operated in different Orders of Studio Culture. We recommend that the stakeholders review the studio programmes and demystify the studio culture. This is to motivate the students with the repackaging of ethical code of conduct and guidelines and integrate a Culture-Oriented Revolutionary curriculum needed for competency rating and high-stake achievements certification in the life-long professional work ethics in Nigeria and other Nations of the World

Predicting Revolutionary Pedagogic Practices from Architectural Design Studio Culture Habitus of the Selected Nigerian Universities

Encapsulated within the envelope of the architectural studio are the design studio culture activities and attitudinal patterns exhibited in the nuclei of the learning environment of architecture schools. The connecting thread between architectural revolutionary pedagogic practices and studio Culture is still tied in most architecture schools. Evidently, up till now, little or no empirical documentation has been done in line with predictors of revolutionary pedagogical practices in schools. This study investigated the design studio culture as a predictor of revolutionary pedagogic practices to demystify the myths and complexities enshrined around the studio habitus. The methodology engaged a survey design strategy; the primary data were collected using observations, oral-focussed group interviews, and questionnaires. At the same time, the secondary data was collected from the archives, government reports, records and literature. Also, the design studios, students and teachers were used as the sampling frame. The unit of analysis was from 300,400 or 500; and M. Sc1 and M.Sc2 Classes; inclusive of design studios Teachers, Mentors and Instructors. A purposive sampling technique was adopted at multi-stage stratified levels. SPSS was used as analytic apparatus to analyse Responses from the Teachers and Students, while content analysis was used to evaluate the interviews and observations. The findings showed that the most significant predictor of Revolutionary Pedagogic Practices was studio Culture Spectrum in three (3) hierarchical orders: (i) the Demystification of studio culture, (ii) Motivational Factors and (iii) Studio Culture ethics and Code of conduct. This study established that the different Revolutionary Pedagogic studio practices employed in the four selected schools operated in different Orders of Studio Culture. We recommend that the stakeholders review the studio programmes and demystify the studio culture. This is to motivate the students with the repackaging of ethical code of conduct and guidelines and integrate a Culture-Oriented Revolutionary curriculum needed for competency rating and high-stake achievements certification in the life-long professional work ethics in Nigeria and other Nations of the World

EFFECTS OF DESIGN STUDIO CULTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS

Architectural education will not be complete without due reference to its studio culture. This culture consists of patterns, habits and experiences expressed by students in their design studio. The design studio culture has been observed to affect students’ performance over the years. This paper examined the effect of design studio culture on the performance of architecture students. The survey method was adopted to obtain quantitative data from students in selected schools in south-west Nigeria through the use of structured questionnaires. The data gotten was subjected to factor and regression analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results gotten showed that the students perceived some other factors to be the core components of design studio culture, in addition to those already identified in the review of literature. The findings also indicated that only four of these components of design studio culture affects students’ performance and they are encouragement, Environment of the design studio, constraint and sacrifice. The paper thus recommends that awareness of design studio culture should be promoted through departmental policies as a way of improving students’ performance

EFFECTS OF DESIGN STUDIO CULTURE ON PERFORMANCE OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS

Architectural education will not be complete without due reference to its studio culture. This culture consists of patterns, habits and experiences expressed by students in their design studio. The design studio culture has been observed to affect students’ performance over the years. This paper examined the effect of design studio culture on the performance of architecture students. The survey method was adopted to obtain quantitative data from students in selected schools in south-west Nigeria through the use of structured questionnaires. The data gotten was subjected to factor and regression analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results gotten showed that the students perceived some other factors to be the core components of design studio culture, in addition to those already identified in the review of literature. The findings also indicated that only four of these components of design studio culture affects students’ performance and they are encouragement, Environment of the design studio, constraint and sacrifice. The paper thus recommends that awareness of design studio culture should be promoted through departmental policies as a way of improving students’ performance

Growth and Reproductive Performance of Yankasa Ewes Fed Varying Levels of Dietary Premix

The purpose of this research was to assess the influence of nutritional premix on the growth and reproductive performance of confined Yankasa ewes. The experiment was designed using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD), in which twenty-five (25) Yankasa lambs were randomly assigned to five (5) treatment groups, each with five animals. The animals were randomly assigned to groups based on their weights and given baseline diets and four amounts of premix produced industrially and locally. Throughout the duration, 1 kilogram of basal feed (5 percent of the ewe's body weight) was supplied daily. Dietary premix was fed to the animals at four inclusion levels (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1) in the morning in a restricted area; the amount of feed supplied and left over was recorded daily. The sheep were weighed at the start of the trial and then regularly afterwards. The study's results indicated that dietary interventions had an influence on final weight, total weight increase, and feed conversion ratio (P0.05). However, the dietary treatments had no significant effect on average daily weight increase, total feed intake, or average daily feed intake (P>0.05). Additionally, the findings indicated that when the amount of premix added to the diet rises, the final and total weight gain increases. The findings of T5 vary considerably from those of T1 and T2, but are statistically equivalent to those of T3 and T4. However, animals fed T5 (14.86) exhibited a higher feed conversion ratio (P0.05) than those fed T2 or T1

Evaluation of Groundwater Prospect in a Clay Dominated Environment of Central Kwara State, Southwestern Nigeria

In this research, groundwater prospect of Central Kwara have been investigated using electrical resistivity method for both domestic and industrial application in the face of scarce water resources, occasioned by incessant borehole failure/low yield, has prompted researches for viable source of water. The central Kwara state falls within the basement complex region of Nigeria known as the hard rock terrain, where availability of groundwater is dependent mainly on structural features. The general curve types obtained from the study area were H, HA, KH and HKH types with the H curve type more prominent in the study area. Three geoelectric sections generated with resistivity parameters ranging between 350 to 1900 ohm-meters, 7.7 to 99.1 ohm-meter and above 3000 ohm-meter; making up the topsoil, weathered layer and bedrock respectively. The topsoil is interpreted as laterite/hard pan within thickness range of 0.4 and 2.2 m while the weathered layer zone ranged between 0.9 to 36.1 m thickness respectively; making the overburden of the area with thickness range of 1.4 to 42.7 m. The bedrock resistivity ranges from 400 ohm-meter to 8192 ohm-meter, indicative of weathered/fractured and fresh basement respectively. The results of the vertical electrical sounding were used to generate clay horizon resistivity map, clay horizon thickness map, aquifer resistivity map and overburden thickness map. This study reveals that the study area is dominated by clay which lead to borehole failure and dry up of hand pump well because most of the hand pump well were terminated within the clayey formation

Lemon Juice Elevated Level of Reduced Glutathione and Improved Lipid Profile in Wistar Rats

The beneficial uses of lemon juice have been reported from ages. Such uses are however more ofspeculations than investigation. In this study, the actions of lemon juice on antioxidant status and lipid profilein wistar rats were investigated. Thirty rats were randomized into two groups of fifteen rats each. The first group(control) received distilled water and the second group was given lemon (10% in water), daily for five weeksin addition to the rat chow diet. Serum total protein, reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide(SOD) levels were determined as antioxidant status, while total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesteroland triglycerides were measured as the lipid profile. The resultof the antioxidant status showed significantincrease (p<0.05) in the GSH levels of the lemon treated group (0.63±0.01 μg/ml/mg protein) relative to thecontrol (0.53±0.03 μg/ml/mg protein) after 5 week of lemon intake. The lipid profile improved as shown by thesignificant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and significant increase in HDL cholesterol.The elevation of serum GSH could be responsible in part for the reported antioxidant effects of lemon juice.It is possible that one or more components in the administered lemon juice stimulated the production of GSHor the reduction of GSSG to GS

Moringa oleifera as natural coagulant in water treatment and production of antifungal soap

The use of Moringa oleifera seed in water purification has reduced the use of chemical-based coagulants which is detrimental to both human and livestock. This project aimed at testing the microbial properties of M. oleifera seed oil extract on some selected pathogens (Bacterial and fungi). The oil was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus with ethanol as solvents. Gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analyses were carried out for the identification of active components in the oil extract. The zone of inhibition test carried out showed that this particular plant seed oil extract has antifungal property with Candida albicans and Rizopus stolonifera with highest zone of inhibition. The raffinate was used for water purification and the oil for the production of an antifungal soap

Corrosion Inhibitive Performance of the Waste Orange Peels (Citrus Sinensis) on A36 Mild Steel in 1M HCl

This research work was carried out to investigate the corrosion inhibitive performance of the extract obtained from waste peels of orange (citrus sinensis) on A36 mild steel in HCl medium. A36 mild steel metal coupons were immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid solution (1M) containing different concentrations of the waste orange peels extract inhibitor (0 – 4 g/L) at different temperatures of 320C & 450C (during gravimetric tests), as well as 270C & 500C (during potentiodynamic tests). The gravimetric analysis performed revealed the highest inhibition efficiency of the extract to be 94.33% at concentration of 4 g/L and temperature of 320C. Also, results from this analysis revealed a spontaneous (irreversible) and physisorption mode of adsorption of the inhibitor molecules as well as the fitness of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm for the adsorption process. The phytochemical analysis carried out revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids and steriods in the inhibitor. The results of the potentiodynamic polarization analysis showed that the inhibitor retarded the anodic dissolution of mild steel more than the cathodic reaction which causes hydrogen evolution via the discharge of hydrogen ions