The Relationship between Strategy and Information Systems and Their Impact on Achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Supply Chain- A Survey Study on Samples from Iraqi Industrial Companies

Institutions are accelerating to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in supply chain, its range is expanding to find the tools to help them achieve this purpose, and the growing need for these organizations to understand their current status as well as their potential. Therefore, organizations always depend on information systems to process transactions, develop products, access a large proportion of their budgets to support their operational and commercial activities, and how to acquire knowledge for business owners to access these investments. Wealth, naturally, includes an assessment of information technology and a link to business success and access to potential assets within existing innovation mechanisms primarily on the strategic emphasis of organizations in particular. The aim of this research is: to discuss the importance of integrating business strategy and information systems in the framework of achieving sustainable competitive advantage in supply chain and its impact on the sustainability of organizations and their endurance in a world of intense competition and rapid change. Design / Methodology / Approach: reviews and discusses existing literature of interrelationship and framing between business strategy, and customer relationship management systems (CRM) for related issues. Conceptual models are presented to clarify the interrelationship and impact between search streams. Results - the research finds a set of most important results is that if business organizations achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in supply chain, this requires them to match their own business strategy and information systems with the use of their resources and information and their compatibility with competitors' resources and capabilities in the context of competitive environment and how to maintain this feature which helps them achieve institutional distinction compared to their competitors. Practical fallouts: The main implications of practical fallouts revolve around the idea that "in today's intense competition markets, organizations must aim to seek sustainable competitive advantage in order to be competitive, and information systems will play a critical role in generating the necessary data that can through which organizations develop and implement business strategy, which in turn promotes the practice of success and achieve superiority at the business level

The Abrahamic in the Holy Quran and try social and instantaneous printing

This research aims to elicit Quranic purposes from the field interpretation of Sheikh Abdul Rahman Hasaan Habanka Al-Maidani by studying Surat Al-Asr, Al-Adiyat, Al-Kawthar, and Al-Takathur as a model. The knowledge of the purposes of the surahs leads to the realization of some of the notable purposes of the revelation of the Quran, the consideration of its phrases, words, and purposes, the statement of what Allah the almighty wants in it, and what its surahs and verses are guided to in a way that achieves understanding and action. Also, a statement that the number of the purposes of the surah does not depend on the number of its verses, there are several verses in common. In one objective, there is one verse in which there is more than one objective, so the Qur'anic objectives are inseparable from interpretation, since the Quran is the main source for defining the overall objectives, and from it deduced many ruling and partial ills, and it enables the interpreter to derive the rulings and wisdom of the Qur'an. The Noble Qur'an, considering the purposes of the surahs, is considered the safest approach, which makes the words of Allah the almighty orderly in a manner in which the perfection of its system, the coherence of its surahs, the consistency of its verses, and the statement of its inimitability and eloquence become evident. Keywords: Qur'anic purposes, interpretation, interpreter

Development of Phosphate Based Glass Scaffolds for the Repair of Craniofacial Bone

Degradable phosphate-based glasses have been known to have many potential properties to work as biomaterials for bone repair clinical applications. Although several studies were performed on different compositions to investigate the most appropriate glass formula, no specific formula was found to be the most favourable for clinical application. The main aim of this thesis was to fabricate and biologically assess phosphate glass scaffold made from specific elements known for their potential in promoting bone growth. To achieve this, primary studies were done on four different compositions of both zinc and strontium phosphate-based glass discs. The next study was to further investigate the best two zinc and strontium glass compositions that were obtained from the primary studies using glass beads. As a result of this study, specific composition of both zinc and strontium phosphate glass, having the most favourable cellular response, was recommended to be used for the following experiments. Based on previous compositions, another study was performed to surface functionalise glass discs by coating them with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polycaprolactone polymer (PCL) to assess the effect of surface modification on cellular adhesion and metabolic activity. This was subsequently followed by manufacturing, mechanical testing and structural evaluation of zinc and strontium scaffolds. Another experiment was carried out to identify the most suitable technique for scaffold cells seeding by coating scaffolds with fibronectin and collagen. The final study aimed to assess different types of zinc and strontium phosphate glass scaffolds (non-coated, CNT-coated) in both static and dynamic conditions. For the assessment of these scaffolds under dynamic conditions, a perfusion bioreactor was custom made that worked continuously for 28 days. The results revealed that the most preferable glass compositions were identified as ZnO5% and SrO17.5%. Also, glass coating with CNTs and PCL has found to encourage cells adhesion and metabolic activity as it enhanced both surface roughness and hydrophilicity. Scaffold production by sintering technique was thermally optimised and scaffold cellular seeding using collagen coating has yielded the most efficient seeding density. The final results displayed that the most suitable cellular response was found in CNT and PCL coated scaffolds under dynamic conditions (perfusion bioreactors cultivated scaffolds)

The Impact of Knowledge Processes and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) on Services Quality along Supply Chain

This study summarizes a sample of the managers of the Iraqi cellular communications company with 84 employees. The company is a service organization responsible for providing integrated telecommunications services. As a management system that uses human, technical, material and financial resources, its size and value increase in line with technical progress. The demand for telecommunication services is increasing for several factors, the most important being the only means available to the majority and to the increase in population. The aim of this study is to develop and test a empirical model to link knowledge management processes and customer relationship management to the quality of services along supply chain. The problem of the study was formed through many mental and practical inquiries represented in the negotiation of the customer's knowledge and behavior, the importance of the horizon of customer relationship management, the level of its importance and its impact on the quality of services, the concept of quality of service, the level of its importance, the types of knowledge processes and their importance in the studied companies and their impact on Quality of services along supply chain. These questions were investigated later. The new study aimed at determining the relationship between the changes in the study in the company that was examined and the ability to apply it in all its parts and its ability to develop and use it to serve the customers in the examined organization. The study used the survey as a tool to collect the information that was diverted to be transferred because of statistical tools that were examined for results. The results and recommendations highlighted the reality and facts of the variables that the study addressed from the mental point of view and applied in the company's exams

Technology Management for Supply Chain in Sports Clubs Iraqi and Its Reflection on the Excellence Performance

This research seeks to spread the culture of total quality management among employees at all levels of management in sports clubs working in Iraq and the duration of their reflection on the creation of outstanding performance, and to explore any of the variables of TQM more influential performance excellence studies aims: Identify the latest trends in total quality management and the requirements for applying them in sports clubs to raise their performance within the sports sector Design/methodology/approach: The descriptive descriptive approach was used. The questionnaire was used to collect data in order to develop a reliable and correct measurement model for TQM variables and their distances. The hypotheses were tested using some statistical treatments. Findings : The study concluded the sample agreement that the distinct performance is directly affected by TQM and its dimensions (administrative leadership, continuous improvement, process improvement, relationship marketing). The model of measurement of these variables has been developed. Moreover, the results support the hypothesis of influence and correlation between the investigated variables . Practical implications:This study provides a useful measure of overall quality management and performance, helping managers and employees at the sports club levels to assess the current status of club performance. Managers may improve their performance programs more effectively and efficiently through their strategic approaches to competition. Originality / value: This study is committed to assisting the administrations working in the sports sector to address the challenge of increasing the performance of sports clubs through the management of total quality and its dimensions

Relationship Marketing and Supply Chain policy in Enhancing the Customer Value in the Telecommunication Sector

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alignment of marketing strategies on the supply chain and organizational performance in the Telecommunication Sector. The purpose of this research is practical, and in terms of nature and method, it is a descriptive-survey research of correlation type. The communication creations became one of the huge projects in Iraq during the last few years, yet at the year 2005 these projects was manipulated by one or two firms, yet , there are now more than five firms working in this field, we can notice that the Iraqi customer has no loyalty toward any specific company or firm because of their reputation, moreover he/she is ready to abandon any firm in order to obtain low price services, which led to intense the marketing efforts by other firms win and keep the current customers in the Iraqi market. This situation forced the firms to reform working strategies to improve the competition advantage, From the above discussion, it will be clear that the research proposal for this study is to identify and verify the relationship between marketing and quality in the process of creating and delivering value to customers. And this was made through the use of the questionnaire, followed by analysis of the collected data and a conceptual framework based on the results. The researchers used questionnaires, and the total sample reached 1257 among the involved customers in the communication company in Iraq, and more specific in Baghdad the involved ages where between (18-40) years, %43 females, and %57 males. The authors have used 5 point Likert scale. The proposed hypothesis of the study: relationship marketing (perceived service quality, trust, customer satisfaction, the Corporate Image) has a positive effect on customer value.The result was a (perceived service quality, trust, customer satisfaction) has a positive effect on customer value, while the Corporate Image. Does not has a positive effect on customer value

Molecular Identification of Rhizosphere Trichoderma spp. and Their Antagonistic Impact Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi

The main aim of this study was to molecular identification and determine the antagonistic impact of rhizosphere Trichoderma spp. against some phytopathogenic fungi, including (Magnaporthe grisea) pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phasolina. Four Trichoderma isolates were isolated from rhizosphere soils of the different host plants in different locations of Egyptian governorates. The morphological characterization of isolated Trichoderma as well as using of (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) ribosomal gene sequence acquisition and data analyses. By comparing the results of DNA sequences of ITS region, the fungi represented one isolate were positively identified as T. asperellum (1 isolate T1) and one as T. longibrachiatum (1 isolate T2) and two as Trichoderma harzianum (2 isolates T3 and T4). The results showed similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence of the two isolates, T1 (T. asperellum) and T2 (T. longibrachiatum) of (99%, 99%), respectively. The similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence with isolates of T3, T4 (T. harzianum) of (99%). On the other side, the results of molecular identification of phytopathogenic fungi represented high similarity value of (5.8S-ITS) region sequence and were identified as P.oryzae, R. solani and M. phasolina (99, 96 and 99%) respectively. Variations and genetic relationships among 4 Trichoderma isolates were investigated by using the Rapid Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles using ten random primers. All Trichoderma isolates were assessed for their antagonistic impact on phytopathogens P. oryzae, R. solani and M. phasolina. Though T. harzianum isolates were more affects than T. longibrachiatum and T. asperellum isolates, the percent inhibitory effect among T. harzianum isolates were vary much (44.8 to 91.6%). The inhibitory effect of T. asperellum isolates ranged from 42.2 to (86.0%), while T. longibrachiatum exhibiting affect ranged between (47.5%) to (83.8%)

Degradation of zinc containing phosphate-based glass as a material for orthopedic tissue engineering

Phosphate-based glasses have been examined in many studies as a potential biomaterial for bone repair because of its degradation properties, which can be controlled and allow the release of various elements to promote osteogenic tissue growth. However most of these experiments studied either tertiary or quaternary glass systems. This study investigated a qinternary system that included titanium dioxide for degradation rate control and zinc that is considered to have a role in bone formation. Zinc and titanium phosphate glass discs of different compositions were melt synthesized and samples of each composition was tested for different physical, chemical and biological characteristics via density measurement, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, mass loss, ion release, scanning electron microscopy, biocompatibility studies via live/dead assays at three time points (day 1, 4, and 7). The results showed that the glass was amorphous and that the all thermal variables decreased as zinc oxide amount raised, mass loss as well as ion release increased as zinc oxide increased, and the maximum rise was with ZnO15. The cellular studies showed that all the formulation showed similar cytocompatibility properties with MG63 except ZnO15, which displayed cytotoxic properties and this was confirmed also by the scanning electron microscope images. In conclusion, replacing calcium oxide with zinc oxide in proportion less than 10 % can have a positive effect on bone forming cells

Enhancing the cooling system of a residential building using integrated building information modelling with solar absorption system

Building energy management is concerned with the energy consumption of the building. The used electricity in the residential building has the highest percentage when applying HVAC systems among all other building services installations and other electric appliances. For that, the present work focuses on the cooling load capacity issues and the methods to reduce the amount of electricity used in the building, particularly in air conditioning systems. In order to achieve this target, three main steps were applied; the first step was calculating the cooling load capacity by using the Cooling Load Temperature Difference method (CLTD) method. The second step was to find a sustainable wall material that could reduce the cooling load requirements using Building Information Model (BIM). The sustainable material was a new type of concrete block with a high insulation capability. The final step was to analyse the required energy of the cooling system device by using an applied Engineering Equation Solver (EES) to obtain accurate results. Two types of cooling systems were tested to determine the economic device based on the energy required to operate them under the same conditions. The two cooling systems were the conventional vapour-compression and solar absorption systems. The EES program evaluates the mathematical model and calculations for these systems to investigate the performance coefficient of the selected air-conditioning systems within (May, June, July and August) months in Iraq. This program evaluated the cooling systems by calculating the cost of used power. The results observed that the use of sustainable material reduces the building energy consumption by about 20%, and the solar absorption system is the best device for cooling systems. The solar absorption system provided the best COP in May, which was 0.8048