Current Trends on Solid Dispersions:Past, Present, and Future

Solid dispersions have achieved significant interest as an effective means of enhancing the dissolution rate and thus the bioavailability of a range of weakly water-soluble drugs. Solid dispersions of weakly water-soluble drugs with water-soluble carriers have lowered the frequency of these problems and improved dissolution. Solid dispersion is a solubilization technology emphasizing mainly on, drug-polymer two-component systems in which drug dispersion and its stabilization is the key to formulation development. Therefore, this technology is recognized as an exceptionally useful means of improving the dissolution properties of poorly water-soluble drugs and in the latest years, a big deal of understanding has been accumulated about solid dispersion, however, their commercial application is limited. In this review article, emphasis is placed on solubility, BCS classification, and carriers. Moreover, this article presents the diverse preparation techniques for solid dispersion and gathers some of the recent technological transfers. The different types of solid dispersions based on the carrier used and molecular arrangement were underlined. Additionally, it summarizes the mechanisms, the methods of preparing solid dispersions, and the marketed drugs that are available using solid dispersion approaches

Comparative Evaluation of Modified Islamic Financial Analysis with International Islamic Analysis Sites

Obtaining information directly from the web reduces the inconvenience of going directly to the source. Many researchers rely on these web sites to obtain immediate information about the legitimacy of financial companies. However, these sites may lack credibility controls as well as proper analytical steps which could yield loss of trust and credibility from the investors, companies and beneficiaries point of view. Assessment of financial analysis websites revealed that there is an urgent need to use legitimate financial analysis model that adopt accurate creditable methodology. The aim of this research is to provide a list of reliable sources of information for researchers in the field of Islamic financial investments, based on the application of the correct approach using Islamic Financial Analysis. Five companies were randomly selected from each of the following world's Islamic investment reference web sites: Dow Jones Islamic Financial index and Dr. Yousef al-Shabaili site, Qatar Islamic Stock Exchange index, Bahrain Islamic Index and Islamic Investor site. Financial statements including (balance sheet, list of income, cash flow list) were analyzed using IFA and results were compared with other sites. Islamic financial analysis (IFA) was found to be superior in solving such dilemmas and defining the correct usury percentages in comparison to other models. Moreover, a new ratio was proposed "the sum of the money invested in Haram to the total funds invested" to define prohibited activities that was not included in previous financial analysis. Keywords: key words, Islamic, Financial, Analysis, Usur

The Degree of Applying Accountability Principles in Public & Private Universities in Jordan: A Comparative Study BetweenYarmouk University and Jerash University

The study aimed to identify the status of applying the principles of accountability in the public and private universities in Jordan. This was done by comparing between Yarmouk University and Jerash University from the perspective of the employees. The study sample consisted of 250 faculty members and one administrator at Yarmouk University and Jerash University. The questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The study reached several conclusions, most notably of which include the presence of statistically significant differences in the reality of applying the accountability principles at universities in general, and in the administrative, and academic fields. This, however, is dependent on the variable of the university in favor of Jerash University. The study concluded on a number of recommendations most important of which is the necessity of activating the accountability mechanisms and tools in three areas: administrative, and academic areas of public universities in a higher degree. It also includes a commitment with unified criteria of accountability to ensure the maintenance of an acceptable level of justice and transparency

Impact of the Russia-Ukraine War on Education and International Students

This study examines the effect of the Ukraine crisis on the national and international economy, which is intrinsically tied to education, research, and science. As a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the country’s economy plummeted sharply. This displaced many local and international students, teachers, and educators at Ukrainian universities, schools, and institutes, including girls and women. In this paper, we have highlighted the global effort to sustain higher education and accommodate displaced students. We have adopted an exploratory, descriptive analysis of media coverage of the Russia-Ukraine War and other statistical studies and articles generally addressing the impact of the Ukraine crisis on the economy, particularly education, research, and science. Results suggest that immediate and continuous support for Ukrainians and international students is viewed as a necessity tightly linked to the national economy and the global economy

Internet of Things Based Monitoring System of Leaks in Water Supply Networks Using Pressure-Based Model

Leaks in water distribution networks impose several impacts on economy, freshwater resources, water quality, health and safety. Fast leak detection and reparation is a key for lowering its negative impacts and associated costs with conventional detection techniques. This study has been used a pressure-based model to detect leaks events and its coordinates based on pressure and flow measurements. Pressure and flow data for systems that having leaks in their structure were analyzed and compared with data generated from non-leaking systems using EPANET software packages. An extension package of EPANET software (EpanetWaterGen) has been used as it has the advantage of its ability to better simulate leaks. The results show the ability of the model to detect leaks in a small and large water distribution networks with uncertainty level associated with low pressure change. The developed leak detection model utilizes pressure and flow sensors and enables the network managers and administrators to optimally place the sensors in a manner to increase efficiency and optimize cost. The system allows operators to detect leak location and volume of lost water, thus enabling a better and more efficient response to leaks, such that the network managers can address and respond to most urgent leaks and optimize the time end efforts of technical and maintenance personnel

Quasi Real-Time Intermodulation Interference Method: Analysis and Performance

Establishing interference-free wireless networks has become essential requirement with theadvent of 5G networks as wireless carriers becoming eager to start transmitting high volume of voice anddata to meet enterprise demands and consumers for dispersed information. Indeed, reduction of interferencelevel now emerges as one of the most viable solutions for the service provider networks, as 5G networksuse is increasingly on the rise. Therefore, a comprehensive interference solution is needed to enable serviceproviders (e.g., cellular, PCS, Wi-Fi and Broadband, and LTE wireless LAN/WAN services) to identify andresolve network interference quickly and reliably. However, currently existing methods and tools, used toconduct interference detection and analysis lack the necessary performance required in the RF engineeringand spectrum optimization fields, and hence, fast, and reliable networks. This paper presents a new highperformancemethod for detecting and mitigating intermodulation interference in various wireless networks.Clearly, reducing the level of interference in wireless communication contributes directly to having animproved and reliable signal to noise ratio (C/I). We will discuss the complexity of the intermodulationinterference problem. We will further compare the performance of the new approach with different existinginterference detection methods. We will show that the presented method intermodulation complexity isreduced to a near linear one, compared to the current non-linear methods

Internet of Things Based Monitoring System of Leaks in Water Supply Networks Using Pressure-Based Model

Leaks in water distribution networks impose several impacts on economy, freshwater resources, water quality, health and safety. Fast leak detection and reparation is a key for lowering its negative impacts and associated costs with conventional detection techniques. This study has been used a pressure-based model to detect leaks events and its coordinates based on pressure and flow measurements. Pressure and flow data for systems that having leaks in their structure were analyzed and compared with data generated from non-leaking systems using EPANET software packages. An extension package of EPANET software (EpanetWaterGen) has been used as it has the advantage of its ability to better simulate leaks. The results show the ability of the model to detect leaks in a small and large water distribution networks with uncertainty level associated with low pressure change. The developed leak detection model utilizes pressure and flow sensors and enables the network managers and administrators to optimally place the sensors in a manner to increase efficiency and optimize cost. The system allows operators to detect leak location and volume of lost water, thus enabling a better and more efficient response to leaks, such that the network managers can address and respond to most urgent leaks and optimize the time end efforts of technical and maintenance personnel

Assessments of Guest Technologies in Five Stars Hotel at Aqaba Special Economic Zone Authority (ASEZA)

The purpose of this study is to look at the effects of website management, technology level, and innovation on customer satisfaction in five-star hotels in Aqaba, Jordan. Among the 450 surveys distributed to hotel guests, 235 were filled out completely and returned. To investigate the connections between the variables, an (Smart PLS 4) analysis was used. Website management was shown to have a positive and statistically significant link (T = 2.909, p = 0.004) with customer satisfaction. There was a significant positive link between the hotel technology level and customer happiness (T = 10.160, p 0.001). The research found a statistically significant positive link between innovation and consumer happiness (T = 2.160, p = 0.031). In terms of the moderating effects of innovation, the research discovered that innovation did not substantially modify the link between website management and customer satisfaction (T = 0.636, p = 0.525). The research revealed a substantial moderating effect (T = 2.822, p = 0.005), however innovation was shown to reduce the influence of technology level on consumer satisfaction. In light of these results, it is suggested that the management of five-star hotels in Aqaba place a greater emphasis on better website management techniques and the enhancement of technical services. Furthermore, encouraging innovation should be approached cautiously due to the lack of data on the impact it has on the link between technology and consumer happiness. The findings of this study provide Aqaba hotel managers with useful information for improving guests experiences, which should result in happier visitors who are more likely to return and spread the good news about their stay

Les Emprunts à l’arabe en Persan

Abstract We study in this paper a list of Persian words of Arabic origin. We will treat these loans as part of declarative phonology. This approach is a part of a grammar of unification or a grammar-based on constraints (only one level of representation). We can not pretend to explain the function of these loans from Arabic to Persian in its entirety. The value of some parameters in each of these languages, the specific constraints and the constraints of the phonological specific system allows us to explain a number of phenomena but not all.We study in this paper a list of Persian loan words from Arabic Language. We treat these loans in a declarative phonological view. This approach is a part of a grammar of unification or a grammar-based on constraints (only one level of representation). We can not pretend to explain the function of these loans from Arabic to Persian in its entirety. The value of some parameters in each of these languages, the specific constraints and the constraints of the phonological specific system allows us to explain a number of phenomena but not all

Investigation of Radioactivity Levels in Soil at JUST Campus Prior to the Construction of JRTR

An investigation of the background radiation level in soil samples collected from the campus of Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) was carried out. A random systematic approach was employed for selecting the sampling locations around the proposed site of Jordan Research and Training Reactor (JRTR). A counting system based on a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector coupled with GENIE 2000 spectroscopy software was used to analyze the samples. The average concentration of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs and 238U were found to be 20.84, 24.45, 312.39, 2.43 and 83.88 Bq/kg, respectively. Results were compared with published data available in the literature. The measured results will form the baseline for future monitoring of radiological impact of JRTR on JUST campus