PGI12 Mean Annual Cost Of Patients Hospitalized For Chronic Hepatitis C In France: The Hepc-Lone Study

Las relaciones laborales marítimas se singularizan por caracteres que han propiciado la necesidad de formular instrumentos que tutelen los derechos de la gente de mar. Entre las singularidades más destacadas está el centro de trabajo: el buque. Su casuística para navegar por las aguas de diversos Estados ha dificultado localizar un punto de conexión que determine la ley aplicable. Ello es vértice para conocer quién debe garantizar la protección social del trabajador, y a su vez, es el instrumento para concretar las obligaciones del armador. Uno de los principios que caracterizan la Seguridad Social es el criterio de la territorialidad. Este criterio es complejo de trasladar a las relaciones laborales marítimas por varios factores, entre ellos: porque el buque no es una extensión del territorio del Estado donde el armador matricula a aquel. El principio de territorialidad, de forma tradicional se ha trasladado a las relaciones laborales con el criterio de la ley del Estado de bandera que da nacionalidad a la nave.The Maritime Labour relations are characterized by characters that have led to the need to develop instruments, which regulate the rights of seafarers. Among the most prominent singularities is the centre of work: the vessel. Their case series for navigating the waters of various States has made it difficult to locate a connection point to determine the applicable law. This is key point to know who should guarantee the social protection of the worker, and it is the instrument to concretize the liability of the shipowner. One of the principles that characterize social security is the criterion of territoriality. This criterion is complex to move the maritime labour relations by several factors: the vessel is not an extension of the territory of the State where the ship-owner has registered it. The principle of territoriality, in the traditional form, has been transferred to the labour relations with the criterion of the law of the flag State which gives nationality to the vesse

The mediating role of discrete emotions in the relationship between injustice and counterproductive work behaviors:a study in Pakistan

Purpose: Our study explores the mediating role of discrete emotions in the relationships between employee perceptions of distributive and procedural injustice, regarding an annual salary raise, and counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs). Design/Methodology/Approach: Survey data were provided by 508 individuals from telecom and IT companies in Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping were used to test our hypothesized model. Findings: We found a good fit between the data and our tested model. As predicted, anger (and not sadness) was positively related to aggressive CWBs (abuse against others and production deviance) and fully mediated the relationship between perceived distributive injustice and these CWBs. Against predictions, however, neither sadness nor anger was significantly related to employee withdrawal. Implications: Our findings provide organizations with an insight into the emotional consequences of unfair HR policies, and the potential implications for CWBs. Such knowledge may help employers to develop training and counseling interventions that support the effective management of emotions at work. Our findings are particularly salient for national and multinational organizations in Pakistan. Originality/Value: This is one of the first studies to provide empirical support for the relationships between in/justice, discrete emotions and CWBs in a non-Western (Pakistani) context. Our study also provides new evidence for the differential effects of outward/inward emotions on aggressive/passive CWBs

How Do Employees Perceive Corporate Responsibility? Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Corporate Stakeholder Responsibility Scale

Recent research on the microfoundations of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has highlighted the need for improved measures to evaluate how stakeholders perceive and subsequently react to CSR initiatives. Drawing on stakeholder theory and data from five samples of employees (N = 3,772), the authors develop and validate a new measure of corporate stakeholder responsibility (CStR), which refers to an organization’s context-specific actions and policies designed to enhance the welfare of various stakeholder groups by accounting for the triple bottom line of economic, social, and environmental performance; it is conceptualized as a superordinate, multidimensional construct. Results from exploratory factor analyses, first- and second-order confirmatory factor analyses, and structural equation modeling provide strong evidence of the convergent, discriminant, incremental, and criterion-related validities of the proposed CStR scale. Two-wave longitudinal studies further extend prior theory by demonstrating that the higher-order CStR construct relates positively and directly to organizational pride and perceived organizational support, as well as positively and indirectly to organizational identification, job satisfaction, and affective commitment, beyond the contribution of overall organizational justice, ethical climate, and prior measures of perceived CSR

Unoccupied electronic states of 2D Si on Ag-√ 3-Si(111)

International audienceOptimizing substrate characterization to grow 2D Si layers on surfaces is a major issue towards the development of synthesis techniques of the promising silicene. We have used inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES) to study the electronic band structure of an ordered 2D Si layer on the √ 3× √ 3-Ag/Si(111) surface (√ 3-Ag). Exploiting the large upwards band bending of the √ 3-Ag substrate, we could investigate the evolution of the unoccupied surface and interface states in most of the Si band gap. In particular, the k-dispersion of the √ 3-Ag free-electron-like S1 surface state measured by IPES, is reported for the first time. Upon deposition of ∼1 ML Si on √ 3-Ag maintained at ∼ 200 • C, the interface undergoes a metal-insulator transition with the complete disappearance of the S1 state. The latter is replaced by a higher-lying state U0 with a minimum at 1.0 eV above EF. The origin of this new state is discussed in terms of various Si 2D structures including silicene

LP05 : Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 3 infection: Interim analysis of a french multicenter compassionate use program

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