Preliminary Report: Issues in selection and training for long duration space flight

Based on previous experience with crew selection, three important avenues of consideration for future missions are discussed: technical qualifications and expertise; medical fitness and ability to tolerate the various conditions of space; and psychological considerations including personality structure, motivation, intelligence, leadership potential, group compatibility, etc. Primary emphasis was given to the psychological considerations

Preliminary report: Biomedical considerations for future manned space flights

The behavioral, psychological, and sociological aspects of space travel, particularly with emphasis on longer duration missions, are discussed along with the biomedical aspects of space flight. These factors may strongly interact with the various psycho-social factors and as such they stand as an immensely important area of concern in and of themselves. A foundation for understanding weightlessness related medical problems through a discussion of the history of symptoms reported specific details on the major areas of concern and approaches to their investigation are presented. Also, discussion is given to the possibility of various countermeasures. Some indication of the effects of various biomedical changes in performance are also covered

Performance considerations in long-term spaceflight

Maintenance of skilled performance during extended space flight is of critical importance to both the health and safety of crew members and to the overall success of mission goals. An examination of long term effects and performance requirements is therefore a factor of immense importance to the planning of future missions. Factors that were investigated include: definition of performance categories to be investigated; methods for assessing and predicting performance levels; in-flight factors which can affect performance; and factors pertinent to the maintenance of skilled performance

Cloning of the copper-inducible metallothionein (cmt) promoter from Neurospora crassa.

There are only a limited number of vectors with inducible promoters that are convenient for in vivo expression in Neurospora crassa. Promoters have been identified and cloned that are induced with blue-light (bli-4; Pietschmann et al 1991 Fungal Genetics Newsl. 38:85-6) or by quinic acid (qa-2; Campbell et al 1994 Fungal Genetics Newsl. 41:20-1). Constitutive promoters have also been used, derived from the beta-tubulin gene bml (Nakano et al 1993 Fungal Genetics Newsl. 40:54-6). The glucose-repressible promoter of grg-1 has also been used (Nakano ibid; Pall and Brunelli 1994 Fungal Genetics Newsl. 41:63-4). The promoter of the N. crassa copper metallothionein gene (cmt) is capable of induction levels of at least 100-fold (Munger et al. 1987 J. Biol. Chem. 262:7363-7) and has been used to express tyrosinase and laccase (Kupper et al. 1990 Curr. Genet. 18:331-5; Schilling et al. 1992 Curr. Genet. 22:197-203)

MARTA East Line Tunnels under I-285, Atlanta, Georgia

The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority combined three new technologies − microtunneling, jet grouting, and rock-socketed minipiles − to successfully construct twin rail tunnels under an eight-lane highway with as little as 4-1/2 feet of cover. Geotechnical parameters, tunneling method selection, and construction methods are discussed. Ground response and monitoring are summarized

Map of Plasmid pRAL1.

Map of Plasmid pRAL1

Strike Your Colors

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-me/1743/thumbnail.jp

The Wilson-Garnjobst heterokaryon incompatibility tester strains of Neurospora crassa contain modifiers which influence growth rate of heterokaryons and distort segregation ratios.

Recent interest and accelerated research into the genetics of heterokaryon incompatibility (HI) in Neurospora crassa has led to increased use of the original Wilson-Garnjobst HI tester strains available from FGSC (1994 Catalog of Strains, Part VII.D.1.). We have found inconsistencies and abnormalities in both growth of heterokaryons and segregation of markers in crosses using these strains. First noticed was a lack of vigor and incomplete complementation of markers in forced heterokaryons when compared to compatible heterokaryons with known Oak Ridge (OR) background. Secondly, skewed allele ratios were recorded in crosses between the Wilson-Garnjobst strains and strains with OR background. Perkins and Bjorkman raised a cautionary note about these strains (1978 Neurospora Newsl. 25:24-25), however, they concentrated primarily on the scot mutant present in these and other strains originating from the Rockefeller-Lindegren (RL) background. We have attempted to further characterize the erratic behavior of Wilson-Garnjobst strains and determine if the scot mutant or other modifiers of HI are responsible