22 research outputs found
Experimental periodontal disease treatment by subgingival irrigation with tetracycline hydrochloride in rats
Effect of chitosan on a periodontal pathogen porhyromonas gingivalis
Local delivery systems of antimicrobial agents for treatment of the periodontal diseases received considerable attention during the past decade due to the disadvantages of the systemic administration. An ideal formulation should exhibit ease of delivery, a good retention at the application site, and a controlled release of the drug. The application of bioadhesive gels provides a long stay in the oral cavity, adequate drug penetration, high efficacy and acceptability. In dentistry and oral medicine, various applications of chitosan, which is a bioadhesive polymer have been proposed due to its favorable properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of chitosan formulations either in gel or film form against a periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis. The viscosity, bioadhesive properties and antimicrobial activity of chitosans at different molecular weight and deacetylation degree were evaluated in the absence or presence of chlorhexidine gluconate (Chx), incorporated into the formulations at 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations. The flow property of the gels were found to be suitable for topical application on the oral mucosa and to syringe into the periodontal pocket. Bioadhesion of the gels and films examined ex-vivo using fresh porcine buccal mucosa showed that both the film and gel formulations exert bioadhesive properties and was not affected by incorporation of Chx. Chitosan is shown to have an antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis and this was higher with high molecular weight chitosan. The combination of chitosan with Chx showed a higher activity when compared to that of Chx alone, which would provide Chx application at lower concentrations thus avoiding its unwanted side effects. Chitosan films and gels seem to be promising delivery systems for local therapy of periodontal diseases with its bioadhesive property and antimicrobial activity
Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Treatment Response in Primary and Permanent Dentitions
Gingival enlargement and mesiodens associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis: a case report
Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis. A systematic review and a Bayesian Network meta-analysis
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of systemic antibiotic therapy
on the treatment of aggressive periodontitis (AgP).
Methods: This study was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases were
searched up to June 2014 for randomized clinical trials comparing the treatment
of subjects with AgP with either scaling and root planing (SRP) alone or
associated with systemic antibiotics. Bayesian network meta-analysis was
prepared using the Bayesian random-effects hierarchical models and the outcomes
reported at 6-month post-treatment.
Results: Out of 350 papers identified, 14 studies were eligible. Greater gain in
clinical attachment (CA) (mean difference [MD]: 1.08 mm; p < 0.0001) and reduction in probing depth (PD) (MD: 1.05 mm; p < 0.00001) were observed for
SRP + metronidazole (Mtz), and for SRP + Mtz + amoxicillin (Amx) (MD:
0.45 mm, MD: 0.53 mm, respectively; p < 0.00001) than SRP alone/placebo.
Bayesian network meta-analysis showed additional benefits in CA gain and PD
reduction when SRP was associated with systemic antibiotics.
Conclusions: SRP plus systemic antibiotics led to an additional clinical effect
compared with SRP alone in the treatment of AgP. Of the antibiotic protocols
available for inclusion into the Bayesian network meta-analysis, Mtz and Mtz/
Amx provided to the most beneficial outcomes