Hubungan antara Konsentrasi Cr(VI) dan Sifat Kimia Tanah: Informasi Awal untuk Remediasi Lahan Bekas Tambang di Kalimantan Selatan

Relationship Between Concentration of Cr(VI) and Soil Chemical Characteristics: Preliminary Information for Remediation of Ex-mined Lands in the South Kalimantan (A.R. Saidy and Badruzsaufari): High concentration of heavy metals is frequently observed as an effect of mining activity. In order to determine relationship between concentration of Cr(VI) in ex-mined land and soil chemical characteristics, 15 of soils were sampled from ex-coal and chromate mined-lands in the South Kalimantan Province. Result of the experiment revealed that soils from the ex-mined lands contained 700 - 2645 mg Cr kg-1 soil. This research also showed that 0,73-1,35% of total Cr in these soils exist in the form of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) that is toxic and carcinogen. Concentration of Cr(VI) in these soils were correlated significantly with soil pH in which increasing soil pH would lead to increase in concentration of Cr(VI). In addition, increasing in soil organic carbon will be followed by decreasing concentration of Cr(VI). Relationship between concentration of Cr(VI) and soil pH and organic carbon content could be useful for preliminary information for Cr reclamation of ex-mined lands

Pengaruh Pemberian Abu Sekam Padi dan POC Urine Kelinci terhadap pH tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi di Tanah Gambut

Lahan gambut merupakan lahan marginal untuk pertanian karena kesuburannya yang rendah, tingkat keasaman yang tinggi, kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) yang tinggi, kejenuhan basa yang rendah, kandungan unsur hara makro (K, Ca, Mg, P) yang rendah, dan unsur hara mikro (seperti Cu , Zn, Mn, B) juga rendah. Amelioran dapat mengubah sifat kimia tanah gambut antara lain menurunkan kapasitas tukar kation (KTK), meningkatkan kejenuhan basa (KB), menaikkan pH, menekan senyawa beracun, meningkatkan kandungan unsur hara. Sedangkan sifat fisik dapat ditingkatkan dari segi struktur. Bahan Amelioran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah abu sekam padi dan pupuk organik cair urine kelinci. Abu sekam padi adalah abu yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran sekam padi yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan perbaikan tanah gambut. Pemberian abu sekam padi akan lebih baik jika diimbangi dengan pemberian bahan organik seperti pupuk organik cair (POC). POC urine kelinci mengandung unsur hara N, P, dan K yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian abu sekam padi dan POC urine kelinci terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara abu sekam padi dan POC urine kelinci terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi, terkecuali pada jumlah daun. Perlakuan terbaik adalah dosis abu sekam padi 15 ton.ha-1 dan POC urine kelinci 30 ml/L. Sementara untuk abu sekam padi tidak mempengaruhi pH tanah pada tanah gambut

PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PUPUK KANDANG DAN BOKASHI KIAMBANG

Produktivitas tanaman bawang merah di Indonesia dari tahun 2013 hingga 2017 berfluktuasi setiap tahunya, hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor sarana produksi dalam budidaya yaitu kualitas lahan. Kesuburan lahan di Kalimantan Selatan mengalami penurunan akibat degradasi lahan akibat input bahan kimia pada kegiatan pertanian secara berlebihan, diperlukan input bahan organik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah dari kombinasi beberapa jenis pupuk kandang dan dosis bokashi kiambang, untuk mengetahui apakah ada interaksi antara pupuk kandang dan bokashi kiambang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). Hasil penelitian parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah dan berat kering menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata antara perlakuan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dari perlakuan kombinasi beberapa jenis pupuk kandang dan dosis bokashi kiambang. Sedangkan parameter jumlah umbi tidak signifikan. Rekomendasi perlakuan terbaik adalah K1B1a, baik dalam meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, bobot basah dan bobot kering dan K1B2a baik untuk menambah jumlah daun dan jumlah umbi

Uji Keefektifan Ekstrak Puntung Rokok dalam Pengendalian Larva Spodoptera Litura Pada Tanaman Selada

The attack of Spodoptera litura larvae resulted in up to 75% damage to leaves on plants. The main use of synthetic pesticides has a negative impact on the environment and health such as decreasing the level of human immunity. To reduce this impact, there is a need for alternative control solutions that are more environmentally friendly. Cigarette butts contain nicotine, phenol, and eugenol. So that cigarette butts have the potential to be used as an alternative insecticide. Based on this, it is deemed necessary to conduct research to determine the effectiveness of cigarette butts as an insecticide. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the concentration of insecticide on cigarette butts on mortality and speed of killing of Spodoptera litura larvae. The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely the concentration of cigarette butt insecticides with four treatments and repeated five times so that there were 20 experimental units. The treatments were P1 control, P2 at 10% concentration, P3 at 30% concentration, and P4 at 50% concentration. The results showed that the application of cigarette butt insecticides had a significant effect on the mortality rate and speed of killing of Spodoptera litura larvae. The P4 treatment gave the most effective results where within 24 hours after application it could kill >50% of the larvae tested and the rate of killing speed obtained was 1.7 birds per hour

Effects of Some Ameliorant on Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Total Chlorophyll on Sweet Corn Growth with Raised-Bed Soil Materials

The raised-bed soil is a land management technology in South Kalimantan. Adding Ameliorant to the raised-bed soil as an effort to increase the utilization of support for the cultivation land. Chlorophyll or leaf green substances found in all green plants that carry out photosynthesis. Ameliorant applications can increase the chlorophyll content of plants to optimize plant growth. This study aims to look at the effect of giving several types of ameliorant to the content of chlorophyll (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll) and the growth of corn planted on raised-bed soil. This research is an experiment in the laboratory and a greenhouse. This research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Single Factor with the treatment tested was the type of ameliorant soil without treatment (control - K), soil + agricultural lime (dolomite - C), soil + palm empty fruit bunch ash (S), soil + rice husk ash (P) and soil + coal ash (B). All treatments were repeated 5 (five) replications so that there would be 25 units of the experiment. The results showed that the application of ameliorant in raised-bed soil using dolomite and oil palm empty fruit bunches ash with a dose of 5 tons ha-1 affected the content of chlorophyll-a and total chlorophyll in the growth of corn planted in raised-bed soil materials

Keanekaragaman Semut Dan Pola Keberadaannya Pada Daerah Urban Di Palu, Sulawesi Tengah

Land-use change, mainly from natural forest to agricultural or settlement area, beside have negative impact on biodiversity also cause a new problem such as the presence of pests. In urban area, the most intrusive and common pest is ant. The objective of this research was to study the occurrence pattern of ants in urban habitat. The research was conducted in several urban habitat in of Palu, Central Sulawesi include of settlement, garden, city park, shrub, agricultural area and forest margin. Ants were observed with bait trap using tuna and sugar. In total, we found 38 ant species from all gradients of urban habitat in Palu. Ant diversity were significantly correlated with habitat condition. Species richness and composition of ants tend to increase with decreasing degree of human disturbance (from settlement to forest margin). The most dominant ant that always found in all urban habitat are Anoplolepis gracilipes, Solenopsis geminata and Paratrechina longicornis. Those species are wellknown as tramp species that co-exist with human and have negative impact to local ant species. Urbanization and anthropological disturbance facilitate the occurrence of tramp ant species in Palu urban habitat

Evaluation of the chemical quality of coffee grounds composted by various types of decomposers using a scoring system

In recent years, the amount of coffee consumption by the Indonesian people has increased. As a result, there is an increase in coffee waste in the form of coffee grounds so it has the potential to have a negative impact on the environment. Proper management is needed so that coffee grounds are not wasted and pollute the environment. Composting is one way to convert coffee grounds into organic fertilizer. The provision of decomposers is useful for accelerating the composting process of coffee grounds so that it affects the quality of the compost produced. This study aims to determine the chemical quality of coffee grounds compost using different decomposers based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-2004. This research was carried out in the Compost House Department of Agroecotechnology and Soil Laboratory Department of Soil Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru for three months, from June to August 2021. This research uses quantitative methods (laboratory analysis) to determine the chemical quality of coffee grounds compost. The treatments were decomposers, d1 = EM4, d2 = M21, d3 = Beka, and d4 = Petro Gladiator. The results showed that the use of EM4, M21, BeKa, and Petro Gladiator decomposers produced organic C, total N, P2O5, K2O, Ca, Mg, and C/N ratio of coffee grounds compost in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004, but the pH value of coffee grounds compost treated with EM4, M21, BeKa, and Petro Gladiator decomposers did not meet SNI 19-7030-2004