Natural Frequencies of Magnetoelastic Longitudinal Wave Propagation in an Orthotropic Circular Cylinder

In this paper, we study the longitudinal wave propagation in a perfectly conducting elastic circular cylinder in the presence of an axial initial magnetic field. The elastic cylinder is assumed to be made of an orthotropic material. The problem is represented by the equations of elasticity taking into account of the effect of the magnetic field as given by Maxwell's equations in the quasi-static approximation.  The stress free conditions on the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow circular cylinder are used to form a frequency equation in terms of the wavelength, the cylinder radii and the material constants. Numerical calculations are obtained and the results are represented graphically. It is observed that the longitudinal elastic waves in a solid body propagating under the influence of a superimposed magnetic field can be different significantly from that of those propagating in the absence of a magnetic field. Also, elastic waves may convey information on electromagnetic properties of the material: for example through a precise measurement of the surface current induced by the presence of the magnetic field. Finally, some of the earlier results are deduced as particular cases. Keywords: Natural frequencies, Magnetoelasticity, Longitudinal wave, Orthotropic materials

Enyzmed pretreated empty pabn fruit bunch for biofuel production

Lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (1.1nP) enzymes were used to pre-treat empty fruit bunch (EPFB) before pyrolysis. Statistical analysis indicated that at 71.6%, LiP demonstrated greater lignin degradation compared to 67.9% J\1nP. Interestingly, the pretreatment sample has resulted in higher bio-oil yield compared to the untreated sample. Both LiP-treated and MnP-treated EPFB yielded approximately 30 wt% of bio-oil compared to 20 wt% of yield for the untreated sample

The Predictive Ability of Beliefs about Mental Illness and Social Support in Stigma among a Sample of Patients in Psychiatric Clinics

هدفت الدراسة لكشف القدرة التنبؤية للمعتقدات حول المرض النفسيّ والدعم الاجتماعي بالوصمة، ومعرفة المعتقدات حول المرض النفسيّ ومستوى الدعم الاجتماعي ومستوى الوصمة، لدى (404) من المرضى في العيادات النفسيّة في الأردن تم إختيارهم بالطريقة المتيسرة؛ ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم تطوير مقياس للمعتقدات حول المرض النفسي، ومقياس للدعم الاجتماعي، ومقياس للوصمة. أشارت النتائج إلى ارتفاع الاعتقاد بأن ضغوطات الحياة هي سبب المرض، بينما دلت المتوسطات على انخفاض المعتقد بأن المرض النفسيّ سبب في عدم زواج أفراد أسرتهم، وجاء مستوى الدعم الاجتماعي مرتفعاً، ومستوى الوصمة متوسطاً، وتنبأت أسباب المرض النفسيّ والتأثير على الأسرة، والدعم المقدم من الأصدقاء والأطباء بالوصمة، بينما لم يسهم (الوعي بطبيعة المرض النفسيّ والعلاج والشفاء) (والدعم المقدم من الأسرة) في التنبؤ بالوصمة

Deteksi Bakteri Klebsiella Pneumonia pada Beberapa Jenis Rokok Konsumsi Masyarakat

Rokok dinilai sebagai material yang banyak memberikan dampak yang merugikan bagi kesehatan, yang di mana komposisinya memberikan berbagai reaksi negatif dalam tubuh. Himbauan mengenai bahaya merokok yang diakibatkan oleh berbagai senyawa kimia banyak dipublikasikan pada masyarakat, namun dalam hal ini kesempatan muncul untuk mengungkapkan sisi lain dari rokok, yaitu melalui isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri yang terdapat pada tembakau dan abu rokok. Dengan melakukan isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri pada 6 sampel rokok yang telah ditentukan telah ditemukan 28 jenis bakteri yang tumbuh pada pengkulturan sampel tembakau, 14 jenis bakteri pada sampel abu rokok dengan 10 jenis bakteri tersebut dijumpai pula pada sampel rokok dan 4 diantaranya merupakan bakteri jenis lain yang hanya tumbuh pada sampel abu rokok

The Effect of Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC) Addition on the Nutritional Composition and Sensory Properties of Poultry-Based Patty

The nutrient composition and sensory properties of poultry-based patties (PBPs) incorporated with various levels of grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju, PSC) were studied. The PBPs were formulated with either 0%, 25% or 50% of fresh ground PSC. Results show poultry patty formulated with 25% PSC had protein content of 17.46% lower than the control patty which had 18.13% but it was not significant. Meanwhile, both cooked poultry patties containing 25% and 50% PSC significantly recorded lower concentration of fat at 10.67% and 7.15%, respectively. On the other hand, poultry patty added with 50% ground PSC shows the highest concentration of total dietary fibre (TDF) of 4.90 g/100g compared to poultry patty containing 25% of mushroom (3.40 g/100g) and to the control (1.90g/100g). In addition, patty incorporated with 25% PSC had moisture content of 57.91% which is significantly lower than patty formulated with 50% which had moisture of 61.80%. In the sensory evaluation, there were no differences recorded in all sensory attributes of PSC-based patties judged by untrained panelists. In conclusion, the addition of PSC to replace poultry meat can be recommended for the purpose of lowering production cost, enhancing nutritional composition and maintaining the acceptability of poultry patties

Tolerance and biosorption capacity of Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ni³⁺ and Cu²⁺ by filamentous fungi (Trichoderma harzianum, T. aureoviride and T. virens)

Heavy metal pollution has become a serious environmental issue in the last few decades. There is a need to develop potential technology that can remove toxic heavy metals ions found in polluted environments. This study was undertaken to determine the resistance levels of different concentrations of heavy metals using filamentous fungi of Trichoderma aureoviride, T. harzianum, and T. virens. Based on the results, the T. virens strain T128 gave the highest tolerance ability for Ni³⁺ and Pb²⁺ in a 1200 mg/L concentration. The accumulation and uptake capacity was determined by the maximum removal of Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Ni³⁺ by a T. harzianum in liquid medium when compared to other fungi. The metal removal occurred at a concentration of 500 mg/L and was 13.48 g/g for Pb²⁺, 3.1254 g/g for Cu²⁺ and 0.8351 g/g for Ni³⁺. For Zn²⁺, the highest tolerance and uptake capacity of metal was recorded at 3.1789 g/g by T. virens

Assessing acceptance of service staff towards employee with disabilty in hotel industry / Nurul’ Aishah@N Zakaria...[et al.]

An issue of employment of disability people in a hotel industry is a prolong issue that discussing on discrimination towards the disability people in the world of employment. This study focuses on the acceptance of service staff toward employee with disability using economic model and social model (Sajid, 2009). The sample for this study was the service staff of hotel in Seberang Perai, Penang that hired disability people. The service staffs consist of male and female aged from 18 to 60 years old from four departments which are food and beverages, front office, housekeeping and kitchen. Questionnaire has been distributed to 86 respondents using Likert scale. The findings of this study identified the service staff accept the people with disability by giving more job opportunity and equal treat among employees (economic model) and able to communicate, work as a team, give cooperation and sharing information each other (social model). However, the service staffs are neither agreeing nor disagree in suggesting the different working area for the disability employee. The results can be used by the Hotel employers in understanding the acceptance of non-disable employees towards disable employees and the relationship between them for better working environment

Barriers to early presentation of self-discovered breast cancer in Singapore and Malaysia: a qualitative multicentre study

Objective: To explore and compare barriers to early presentation of self-discovered breast cancer in Singapore and Malaysia. Design: A qualitative interview study with thematic analysis of transcripts. Participants: 67 patients with self-discovered breast symptoms were included in the analysis. Of these, 36% were of Malay ethnicity, 39% were Chinese and 25% Indian, with an average age of 58 years (range 24–82 years). The number of women diagnosed at early stages of cancer almost equalled those at advanced stages. Approximately three-quarters presented with a painless lump, one-quarter experienced a painful lump and 10% had atypical symptoms. Setting: University hospital setting in Singapore and Malaysia. Results: Patients revealed barriers to early presentation not previously reported: the poor quality of online website information about breast symptoms, financial issues and the negative influence of relatives in both countries, while perceived poor quality of care and services in state-run hospitals and misdiagnosis by healthcare professionals were reported in Malaysia. The pattern of presentation by ethnicity remained unchanged where more Malay delayed help-seeking and had more advanced cancer compared to Chinese and Indian patients. Conclusions: There are few differences in the pattern of presentation and in the reported barriers to seek medical care after symptom discovery between Singapore and Malaysia despite their differing economic status. Strategies to reduce delayed presentation are: a need to improve knowledge of disease, symptoms and causes, quality of care and services, and quality of online information; and addressing fear of diagnosis, treatment and hospitalisation, with more effort focused on the Malay ethnic group. Training is needed to avoid missed diagnoses and other factors contributing to delay among health professionals

Modeling the construction readiness parameters for abandoned housing projects in Malaysia: PLS-SEM approach

Purpose: This study aims to develop an interrelation model between critical parameters for assessing the construction readiness (CR) of abandoned housing projects, using Malaysia as a case study. To achieve that aim, the study objectives are to (1) identify critical parameters for assessing the CR of abandoned housing projects; (2) develop underlying constructs to categorize interrelated critical parameters and (3) assess the influence of the underlying constructs on the CR of abandoned housing projects. Design/methodology/approach: This study identifies potential parameters for assessing the CR of abandoned housing projects by reviewing existing literature and interviewing industry professionals. Then, the list was used to develop a questionnaire survey. The collected survey data were analyzed using normalized mean analysis to identify the critical parameters. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to develop underlying constructs to categorize interrelated critical parameters. Finally, the influence of the underlying constructs on the CR of abandoned housing projects was examined through partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings: The analyses suggest that 21 critical parameters are affecting the CR of abandoned housing projects. The critical parameters can be categorized into four underlying constructs: construction site evaluation, management verification, uncertainties mitigation and document approval. Finally, the analyses confirmed that all four constructs affect the CR of abandoned housing projects. Originality/value: This study is a pioneering effort to quantitatively analyze the parameters for assessing the CR of abandoned housing projects. The findings significantly benefit researchers and industry professionals by providing a list of critical parameters associated with the CR of abandoned housing projects

Microwave plasma gasification of oil palm biochar

Conventional pressurized gasification operates at higher pressure than atmospheric pressure and requires heat up time during startup. In this study, microwave plasma gasification was used to compensate this problem. The objectives of this paper is to investigate the CO2 microwave gasification of EFB and OPS biochar, and optimizing the char reaction rate through the addition of activated carbon as the microwave absorber. A microwave plasma gasification test rig was designed to produce syngas from oil palm biochar. From the study, it was found that EFB char performed better than OPS char as gasification fuel due to its high porosity and surface area that increased the char reactivity towards CO2. The temperature increment promoted by the addition of MW absorber using activated carbon (AC) has increased the CO composition. The optimum condition for microwave plasma char gasification of EFB was 3 lpm with 25 wt% AC that produced syngas with 1.23 vol% CH4, 20.88 vol% CO2, 43.83 vol% CO, 34.06 vol% H2 and 9.40 MJ/kg gas CV. For OPS is at 2 lpm with 1.12 vol% CH4, 35.11 vol% CO2, 35.42 vol% CO, 28.35 vol% H2 and 7.32 MJ/kg gas CV. As EFB char has larger BET surface areas and larger pores than OPS char, the ability to react with the gasifying gas is better than the OPS. Thus, resulting in higher carbon conversion. The best gasification efficiency was 72.34% at 3 lpm, 10% AC for EFB biochar plasma gasification with 12% unreacted carbon. For OPS biochar plasma gasification, the best gasification efficiency was 69.09% at 2 lpm, 10% AC with 18% unreacted carbon