Pola Asuh Single Mom dan Single Dad terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak

Perkembangan sosial emosional anak yang diasuh oleh kedua orang tuanya akan berbeda dengan anak yang hanya diasuh oleh orang tua tunggal (single mom atau single dad). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pola asuh single mom dan single dad terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak. Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif deskriptif . Subjek terdiri dari anak usia 5-6 tahun sebanyak 4 orang anak beserta orang tuanya (single mom/single dad) dan informan ketiga (guru) di Lombok. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu pencatatan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan mengambil kesimpulan. Adapun hasil penelitian ini yaitu adanya perbedaan pola asuh orang tua single mom yang cenderung menerapkan pola asuh otoriter dan single dad yang menerapkan pola asuh permisif dan Laissez Faire. Dari masing-masing pola asuh yang diterapkan, akan berdampak pada perkembangan sosial emosional anak yang berbeda-beda. Dampak perkembangan sosial emosional anak dari pola asuh otoriter yaitu anak sulit bergaul, dan psikologisnya cenderung pemurung. Kemudian anak dengan pola asuh permisif yaitu anak jadi kurang patuh, mau menang sendiri, agresif, kurang bertanggung jawab dan tidak mau mengalah. Dampak dari pola asuh Laissez Faire yaitu anak menjadi cenderung lebih agresif dan mempunyai konsentrasi yang kurang

A Study of Outdoor Concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) on Different Floors of a University Building

Residents at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn (UTHM) buildings complained about dust from nine nearby factories. This study compared PM2.5 levels on different floors of a building to the New Malaysia Ambient Air Quality Guideline (NAAQG). Met One E-Sampler was used to measure PM2.5 and meteorological characteristics at different floor levels. Data was collected daily for 24 hours on each floor, except on public holidays, at two monitoring locations: FKAAB and FSKTM. This study analyzed PM2.5 on different floors and hours. On the ground level of FKAAB and the third floor of FSKTM, the average PM2.5 concentration was 29 µg/m3 and 31 µg/m3, respectively. The 2nd floor FKAAB reveals similar levels as the ground floor, 28 µg/m3. 2nd floor FKAAB was 3rd floor FSKTM. Both levels have the greatest PM2.5 concentration in UTHM air. PM2.5 concentrations were below the NAAQG (35 µg/m3). The greatest PM2.5 concentration was detected at 8:00 p.m. with 39 µg/m3 on the bottom level of FKAAB. The highest PM2.5 concentration on the third floor of FSKTM was 51 µg/m3 at 8:00 a.m. and 11 µg/m3 at 4:00 p.m. Human activity such as nearby industries, buildings, and heavy traffic altered the concentrations. In conclusion, more research is needed to determine which human activities contribute the most to UTHM air pollutants

Pembangunan Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Rencana Pembelajaran Semester (RPS)

Rencana Pembelajaran Semester (RPS) merupakan wujud pengembangan kurikulum yang dibuat berdasarkan Dokumen Kurikulum. Pengelolaan RPS yang baik adalah salah satu kunci untuk memaksimalkan proses pengawasan dan pengembangan pembelajaran. Sistem pengelolaan RPS di Program Studi Sistem Informasi Universitas Andalas masih dilakukan secara konvensional. RPS belum terstruktur dengan baik sesuai standar penyusunan RPS sehingga akan menyulitkan dosen dalam melakukan pengawasan, evaluasi, dan pengembangan rencana pembelajaran, yang selanjutnya juga akan mempengaruhi kualitas lulusan serta akan menyulitkan proses penilaian pada saat Re-Akreditasi program studi. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan RPS berupa penulisan yang terstruktur dan adanya wadah untuk mengarsipkan perubahan RPS yang dilakukan selama proses pengembangan, penting dilakukan. Hal ini dapat dicapai dengan menggunakan sebuah sistem informasi sehingga dirasa perlu untuk membangun sistem informasi pengelolaan RPS. Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan RPS dibangun berdasarkan metode Waterfall yang terdiri dari tahap analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, implementasi sistem dengan memanfaatkan arsitektur MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, dan Node.js) sebagai empat teknologi utama, yang dilanjutkan dengan tahap pengujian. Dengan sistem yang dikembangkan, dosen dapat membuat RPS secara terstruktur serta memiliki arsip RPS yang pernah dikembangkan untuk nantinya dijadikan bahan evaluasi pembelajaran. Pengujian fungsional yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi pengelolaan RPS sudah berjalan sebagaimana yang direncanakan

Water quality assessment of Matang Mangrove Forest

The study on river water quality was carried out in Matang Mangrove and its vicinity during the scientific expedition from 20 – 25th October 2002. Thirty sampling locations were chosen based on accessibility and usage and eleven water quality parameters were analyzed; DO, EC, temperature, pH, BOD, Ammoniacal-Nitrogen (NH3-N), turbidity, TSS, salinity, natrium and TDS. From the study, the rivers were classified into classes based on DOE-WQI and the classifications of the rivers were then mapped accordingly to its classes. The results showed that all sampling locations were influenced by the sea water with a range of salinity from 0.0 to 19 ppt except for the inland most area (ST 26, ST 28, ST 29 and ST 30). Based on water quality index interpretation (BOD, DO, TSS, NH3-N), the range of classes fall within Class I to III while the value of pH fall under Class II. From the field observation and scientific analysis, activities within the Matang Mangrove and its vicinity such as aquaculture, cockle harvesting, navigation and river settlement are the main factors that contribute towards degradation of river water quality status

A Cross-Sectional Study on Bullying and Psychological Disturbances among Malaysian School Children

Abstract Background: Bullying is a common violence in school and has become a major public health and global concern. Bullying influences mental health and is identified as a leading factor of depression. Therefore, this study aimed to identify bullying prevalence and its association toward psychological disturbances (stress, anxiety, and depression). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Kuantan. After obtaining consent from parents/guardians, participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, including School Climate Bullying Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Questionnaire-21, Patient Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Demographic data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for variables. Results: A total of 207 students were included in this study. Of respondents, 50.7% were boys and 49.3% girls, and the majority (92.8%) were Malays. Of students, 63.2% were involved in bullying problems through the school years, with verbal bullying as the highest (55.1%). Bullying is significantly associated with stress (p = 0.045), anxiety (p = 0.018), and depression (p = 0.012). Conclusions: School children in Kuantan continue to be involved in bullying. The current study supported that involvement with any bullying activity was associated with psychological disturbances including anxiety, stress, and depressio

Statistical approach model to evaluate permanent deformation of steel fiber modified asphalt mixtures

: A good asphalt mixture is very important to maintain the triangle of sustainability. Many accidents occur due to pavement damage such as permanent deformation caused by the external loads induced by heavy traffic. Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) has a low resistance to moisture and other performances. Many researchers have conducted on SMA using various types of fiber. However, not much research has been done using steel fiber in the SMA mixture and has analyzed the result obtained using a statistical approach. The objective of this research was to identify the optimum amount of steel fiber in a modified asphalt mixture and characterize the performance of steel fiber in the SMA mixture using the statistical approach of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Design Expert Software. In this study, various steel fiber proportions of 0 percent, 0.3 percent, 0.5 percent, and 0.7 percent by the total weight of the SMA mixture were used. The Marshall stability and flow test, dynamic creep and moisture susceptibility test, and ultimately, RSM analysis were used to evaluate the properties and performance of the steel fiber-modified SMA, which contained 6.2 percent of PEN 60/70 asphalt binder content. The testing findings unmistakably demonstrated that the addition of steel fiber greatly improves the SMA mixture’s resistance to moisture and permanent deformation. An amount of 0.3 percent was found to be the most optimum steel fiber content from the optimization by using Response Surface Methodology, thus proven with additional steel fiber in the SMA mixture enhancing the performance of the mixture. As a result, it can be determined that the addition of steel fiber to SMA asphalt mixtures has improved the properties and performance in the construction of asphalt pavements, and the RSM method is an efficient statistical method for producing an appropriate empirical model for relating parameters and predicting the best performance of an asphaltic mixture

Effects of traditional and convenient edible bird's nest on spatial learning of male Sprague-Dawley rats

Consumption of edible bird’s nest (EBN) has been a common practice for the health benefits it is believed to provide. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of both traditional edible bird’s nest (TEBN) and convenient edible bird’s nest (CEBN) on the spatial learning of male Sprague Dawley rats in a radial arm maze (RAM). A total of 24 male rats (270-300 g) were allocated into three groups based on diet given namely pellet only (control group), pellet mixed with TEBN (300 mg/kg) and pellet mixed with CEBN (300 mg/kg). The rats were fed with the aforementioned diet throughout the study for 42 days and exposed to RAM for spatial learning assessments which consisted of shaping (3 days), acquisition (8 days) and retention (1 day) trials. In the acquisition trials, CEBN reduced working memory error (WME) on day 5 compared to control, and day 6 compared to the TEBN group. TEBN markedly reduced reference memory error (RME) on day 1 and 8, time spent (day 3) and percentage of correct choices made (day 3) during the acquisition trials compared to CEBN. TEBN and CEBN significantly reduced WME, however, only CEBN increased RME during the retention trial. CEBN significantly affected the total entries produced in the RAM which indicated the non-specific effects of CEBN on the locomotion of the rats. Our findings suggested that TEBN may work better than CEBN in improving spatial learning considering the fact that CEBN markedly reduced the locomotion of the rats during the retention trial

Statistical Approach Model to Evaluate Permanent Deformation of Steel Fiber Modified Asphalt Mixtures

A good asphalt mixture is very important to maintain the triangle of sustainability. Many accidents occur due to pavement damage such as permanent deformation caused by the external loads induced by heavy traffic. Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) has a low resistance to moisture and other performances. Many researchers have conducted on SMA using various types of fiber. However, not much research has been done using steel fiber in the SMA mixture and has analyzed the result obtained using a statistical approach. The objective of this research was to identify the optimum amount of steel fiber in a modified asphalt mixture and characterize the performance of steel fiber in the SMA mixture using the statistical approach of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Design Expert Software. In this study, various steel fiber proportions of 0 percent, 0.3 percent, 0.5 percent, and 0.7 percent by the total weight of the SMA mixture were used. The Marshall stability and flow test, dynamic creep and moisture susceptibility test, and ultimately, RSM analysis were used to evaluate the properties and performance of the steel fiber-modified SMA, which contained 6.2 percent of PEN 60/70 asphalt binder content. The testing findings unmistakably demonstrated that the addition of steel fiber greatly improves the SMA mixture’s resistance to moisture and permanent deformation. An amount of 0.3 percent was found to be the most optimum steel fiber content from the optimization by using Response Surface Methodology, thus proven with additional steel fiber in the SMA mixture enhancing the performance of the mixture. As a result, it can be determined that the addition of steel fiber to SMA asphalt mixtures has improved the properties and performance in the construction of asphalt pavements, and the RSM method is an efficient statistical method for producing an appropriate empirical model for relating parameters and predicting the best performance of an asphaltic mixture

Developing a Portable Spectrometer to Detect Chemical Contaminants in Irrigation Water

Water pollution is a critical issue since it can severely affect health and the environment. The purpose of the study is to develop a portable spectrometer (ESP32-based spectrometer) to detect chemical contaminants in irrigation water by observing the light absorbance of contaminants. ESP32 and a light sensor (photodiode) were respectively, used as the main controller and detector of the portable spectrometer. It was developed based on optical dispersion and Beer–Lambert law theory. The light absorbance of different types of contaminants was displayed in a Blynk application for real-time monitoring. The samples were also tested using a lab-based spectroscopy method, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometer. The spectral range of the measurement is from 350 nm to 700 nm and the standard error of the ESP32-based spectrometer is from 0.01 to 0.05. Five water samples were tested, consisting of ammonium nitrate, organic pesticide, zinc oxide and two different reservoirs used for irrigation. The absorption peaks of the ammonium nitrate and organic pesticide are 363 nm and 361 nm, respectively. Zinc oxide shows the absorbance peak at 405 nm, whereas both reservoirs show absorbance peaks lie in the region from 300 nm to 370 nm. Therefore, this study shows that different types of contaminants can absorb light only at specific wavelength regions by considering the concentration of samples. The developed ESP32-based spectrometer can be applied for on-site water quality monitoring as it is portable, light, simple and can be monitored in real time using multiple devices

The co-production of hydrogen and methane from dark fermentation of mixed palm oil mill effluent and aquaculture wastewater : Gompertz modelling and sludge recovery

The potentials for non-stop hydrogen and methane production employing an ideal loading mixture of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and aquaculture wastewater (AWW) in a double-phase digester at a thermophilic state are presented. Different organic loadings were studied such as 31, 41, 51 and 61 Kg COD/(m3d) for the generation of hydrogen; 9, 11, 14 and 16 kg COD/(m3d) for the synthesis of methane. In a UASB reactor, hydrogen production was kept under control with a constant HRT of 12 h. At the loading of 51 kg COD/h, the maximal H2content, volumetric H2generation rate and H2yield were observed as 46%, 6 L H2/d and 34 mL H2/g COD, respectively (m3d). After an HRT of 6 days, the substrate from the hydrogen digester was further fermented into methane in the CSTR digester. At an organic loading rate of 14 kg COD/h, the highest volumetric CH4generation rate and yield were 11 L CH4/d and 0.13 m3CH4/kg COD, respectively (m3d). This two-stage procedure removed 92% of the chemical oxygen requirement overall. Based on the findings, the Gompertz modeling was a good fit for the cumulative methane generation patterns, with a strong correlation coefficient (> 0.994). Sludge recovery was 0.07 m3sludge/m3wastewater and water recovery was 0.82 m3/m3wastewater. This double-phase technique has the potential to contribute greatly to the development of a comprehensive waste management plan, including the digestion of palm oil mill effluent and aquaculture wastewater