Internal mimics hernias and their mimics: How would radiologists help?

AbstractPurposeTrying to define the most valuable radiological sign(s) for the diagnosis of internal hernias and their mimics; mainly cocoon syndrome and adhesions.ReviewNowadays with the increasing number of bariatric surgeries, the number of diagnosed internal hernias has increased significantly. Adhesions and cocoon syndrome are among the differential diagnosis. Although many signs were suggested for the diagnosis of such conditions, yet no single sign is enough to diagnose each of the above.Method and subjectsThis is a retrospective study. In a period of 32 consecutive months, from June 2010 to February 2013 a total of 240 patients were admitted with abdominal pain with signs of remittent or persistent intestinal obstruction. All cases are subjected to multislice CT examination. Several criteria are used to diagnose internal hernia. Informed consents were taken from all patients and organizational ethics committee were informed.ResultsThe age of the patients varies between 22 and 63years with average age of 36±2.3years. Most of the patients were females with ratio of 2:1. Commonest presentation was abdominal pain present in all cases. The study diagnosed 13 cases/internal hernias, 14/adhesions, two cases/cocoon syndrome, two cases/intussusceptions and one case/malrotation. The most important signs used are Swirl’s sign, localized bowel gathering and segmental bowel dilatation.ConclusionA single sign is not enough for the diagnosis of internal hernia, rather the use of more than one sign is essential to narrow the differential diagnosis.Clinical relevance/applicationThe prevalence of internal hernia is increasing due to increased rate of operative abdominal intervention. Prompt radiological diagnosis is crucial to avoid unwanted surgery in a non-virgin abdomen

CROSS-SECTIONS CALCULATION FOR THE PROCESS e-(P1)+ e+(P2)-> H- i(P2)+ H- j(P14)+ X0i(P5)

The cross-sections (?), in electron (e-) positron (e+) collision, is calculated over range of center of mass energy(s) for the process: 12 e-P1+e+P3. Please find more detail in the PDF full content.Keywords: Higgs bosons; neutralinos.

RAZVOJ METODE BRZE MIKROPROPAGACIJE ALOJE VERE (Aloa vera L.)

An efficient micropropagation method has been developed using shoot tip explants in Aloe vera L. The process involves subsequent in vitro morphogenesis and rooting of the in vitro proliferated shoots and transplantation of regenerated plants under ex vitro condition. Shoot proliferation was found best in MS medium containing BA 2.0 mg/l, KIN 0.5 mg/l and NAA 0.2 mg/l. Maximum 98.96% shoots were proliferated in this media composition. This media composition is best comparing to other treatment used in this study. Highest shoot number per explant was also achieved in the same medium within 5 weeks. In case of adventitious rooting, MS medium containing NAA 0.2 mg/l and NAA 0.5 mg/l was found to be the best. Maximum 80.25% rooting and highest number of root per culture (6.71) was obtained in this media composition. After transplanting the 20 days old rooted shoots into mixture of garden soil, compost and sand (2:1:1), 80% of survivability after 5 weeks was an achieved. Regenerated plants after acclimatization were transferred to soil and they showed 82% survival. The regenerated plants were morphologically similar to the mother plants.Razvijena je djelotvorna metoda mikrorazmnožavanja aloje vere (Aloa vera L.) upotrebom vršnih izboja biljke. Postupak uključuje sljedeću in vitro morfogenezu i ukorjenje in vitro razmnoženih izboja te transplataciju regeneriranih biljaka u ex vitro uvjetima. Razmnažanje se pokazalo najbolje u MS supstratu koji je sadržavao BA 2,0 mg/l, KIN 0,5 mg/l i NAA 02 mg/l. Razmnožen je maksimum od 98,96% izboja u tom sastavu supstrata. Najveći broj izboja po eksplantu također je postignut u istom supstratu u 5 tjedana. Kod adventivnog ukorjenjavanja najboljim se pokazao MS supstrat koji je sadržavao NAA 0,2 mg/l + NAA 0,5 mg/l. Maksimum od 80,25% ukorjenjenja i najveći broj korijena po eksplantu (6,71) dobiven je u supstratu istog sastava. Nakon presađivanja 20 dana starih ukorijenjenih izboja u mješavinu vrtnog tla, komposta i pijeska (2:1:1) postignuto je 80% preživljavanja nakon 5 tjedana. Regenerirane biljke su nakon aklimatiziranja presađene u zemlju uz preživljavanje od 82%. Regenerirane biljke bile su morfološki slične matičnim biljkama

A critical look at strings

This is an invited contribution to the Special Issue of "Foundations of Physics" titled "Forty Years Of String Theory: Reflecting On the Foundations". I have been asked to assess string theory as an outsider, and to compare it with the theory, methods, and expectations in my own field.Comment: 7 page

Creation of Two Charginos and Neutralino Via Different Propagators

We investigated the creation of two Charginos.......... Keywords: Chargino, neutralino and Higgs boson DOI: 10.7176/APTA/84-02 Publication date:August 31st 202

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics as a Simulation-based Design Guide in a Microfluidic 3D Living Cell Array (3D LCA) Device

The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as a tool in the aerodynamics and oil industry provides a reinforcement to efficiency in the design of aircrafts or for understanding the flow through pipes. A similar approach can be taken towards microfluidics, where traditionally devices have been designed based on experience or physiological replication, and a CFD simulation is shown post-manufacture to show the flow and diffusion patterns present. In this study, a reverse approach is suggested, by designing the device first in CFD and perform simulations on variations of alterable parameters to get insight on how the changing parameters affect the conditions within the device. A 3D Microfluidic Living Cell Array (3D LCA) wherein cells are embedded in a hydrogel is used as the model to perform the simulations on. It is shown that alterations of certain parameters (such as pore size) can have drastic effects on the nutrient supply and waste removal mechanics of the 3D cell microchamber, while other factors such as the permeability of the medium of cell culture (hydrogel) does not affect the glucose concentration but does affect the O2 and CO2 concentrations generated within the microchamber

Adaptive technique for energy management in wireless sensor networks. Development, simulation and evaluation of adaptive techniques for energy efficient routing protocols applied to cluster based wireless sensor networks.

Recently, wireless sensor networks have become one of the most exciting areas for research and development. However, sensor nodes are battery operated, thus the sensor¿s ability to perform its assigned tasks is limited by its battery capacity; therefore, energy efficiency is considered to be a key issue in designing WSN applications. Clustering has emerged as a useful mechanism for trade-off between certain design goal conflicts; the network life time, and the amount of data obtained. However, different sources of energy waste still exist. Furthermore, in such dynamic environments, different data rate requirements emerge due to the current network status, thus adapting a response to the changing network is essential, rather than following the same principle during the network¿s lifespan. This thesis presents dynamic techniques to adapt to network changes, through which the limited critical energy source can be wisely managed so that the WSN application can achieve its intended design goals. Two approaches have been taken to decreasing the energy use. The first approach is to develop two dynamic round time controllers, called the minimum round time controller MIN-RC and the variable round time controller VAR-RC, whereas the second approach improves intra-cluster communication using a Co-Cluster head; both approaches show better energy utilisation compared to traditional protocols. A third approach has been to develop a general hybrid protocol H-RC that can adapt different applications requirements; it can also tolerate different data rate requirements for the same application during the system¿s lifetime

EVALUATION OF ROBOTIC CLEANING TECHNOLOGIES: PRESERVING A BRITISH ICONIC BUILDING

The engineering building of the University Leicester built-in 1963 has been a British icon for decades now. Applications of Robotic technologies are uprising nowadays, which provides a contingency to manipulate the benefits of robotics for executing challenging and precarious facade cleaning processes. This paper surveys the facade cleaning robotic technologies exist in the market. It exhibits the comparative analysis of four notorious robotic facade cleaning solutions namely Sky Pro, Gekko, BFMR (Building Façade Maintenance Robot) and Sirius_c. The comparison is executed using Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) techniques. This study analyses the performance of the robots based on the critical parameters such as water consumption, cleaning efficiency, cleaning dimensions and ease of implementation. Although none of these robotic solutions are implemented off the shelf, some adaptation on these solutions is necessary for the development of robotic techniques work successfully in real time. This paper proposes a hybrid robotic solution combining the vacuum pump adhesion and wheeled locomotion for the effective cleaning of the complex external building structure based on the MCDA and QFD analysis. It highlights the significant future research directions in this field

A Histopathological Exploration of the Madurella mycetomatis Grain

Although the Madurella mycetomatis grains seem to interfere with the host defense mechanisms and impede the antifungal drugs penetration, yet their histological features are not fully known and hence this study was set out to determine that. The study included 80 patients with confirmed M. mycetomatis eumycetoma. After informed written consent, surgical biopsies were obtained from the excised tissues during the patients' surgical treatment. All sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Grocott's hexamine silver, Periodic Acid-Schiff's, Masson-Fontana, Perl's Prussian Blue, Von-kossa's, Formalin Inducing Fluorescence and Schmorl's stains. Modified bleaching technique was used. The concentrations of Zinc, Copper, Calcium, Iron, Lead, Cobalt and Nickel were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The M. Mycetomatis grai