Identification of Anesthesia Stages from EEG Signals using Wavelet Entropy and Backpropagation Neural Network

This study focuses on entropy based analysis of EEG signals for extracting features for a neural network based solution for identifying anesthetic levels. The process involves an optimized back propagation neural network with a supervised learning method. We provided the extracted features from EEG signals as training data for the neural network. The target outputs provided are levels of anesthesia stages. Wavelet analysis provides more effective extraction of key features from EEG data than power spectral density analysis using Fourier transform. The key features are used to train the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) for pattern classification network. The final result shows that entropybased feature extraction is an effective procedure for classifying EEG data

Identification of Anesthesia Stages from EEG Signals using Wavelet Entropy and Backpropagation Neural Network

This study focuses on entropy based analysis of EEG signals for extracting features for a neural network based solution for identifying anesthetic levels. The process involves an optimized back propagation neural network with a supervised learning method. We provided the extracted features from EEG signals as training data for the neural network. The target outputs provided are levels of anesthesia stages. Wavelet analysis provides more effective extraction of key features from EEG data than power spectral density analysis using Fourier transform. The key features are used to train the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) for pattern classification network. The final result shows that entropybased feature extraction is an effective procedure for classifying EEG data

Niching grey wolf optimizer for multimodal optimization problems

Metaheuristic algorithms are widely used for optimization in both research and the industrial community for simplicity, flexibility, and robustness. However, multi-modal optimization is a difficult task, even for metaheuristic algorithms. Two important issues that need to be handled for solving multi-modal problems are (a) to categorize multiple local/global optima and (b) to uphold these optima till the ending. Besides, a robust local search ability is also a prerequisite to reach the exact global optima. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) is a recently developed nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm that requires less parameter tuning. However, the GWO suffers from premature convergence and fails to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation for solving multi-modal problems. This study proposes a niching GWO (NGWO) that incorporates personal best features of PSO and a local search technique to address these issues. The proposed algorithm has been tested for 23 benchmark functions and three engineering cases. The NGWO outperformed all other considered algorithms in most of the test functions compared to state-of-the-art metaheuristics such as PSO, GSA, GWO, Jaya and two improved variants of GWO, and niching CSA. Statistical analysis and Friedman tests have been conducted to compare the performance of these algorithms thoroughly

Genome-wide investigation of SnRK2 gene family in two jute species: \u3ci\u3eCorchorus olitorius\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eCorchorus capsularis\u3c/i\u3e

Background Sucrose non-fermenting-1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2), a plant-specifc serine/threonine kinase family, is associated with metabolic responses, including abscisic acid signaling under biotic and abiotic stresses. So far, no information on a genome-wide investigation and stress-mediated expression profling of jute SnRK2 is available. Recent whole-genome sequencing of two Corchorus species prompted to identify and characterize this SnRK2 gene family. Result We identifed seven SnRK2 genes of each of Corchorus olitorius (Co) and C. capsularis (Cc) genomes, with similar physico-molecular properties and sub-group patterns of other models and related crops. In both species, the SnRK2 gene family showed an evolutionarily distinct trend. Highly variable C-terminal and conserved N-terminal regions were observed. Co- and CcSnRK2.3, Co- and CcSnRk2.5, Co- and CcSnRk2.7, and Co- and CcSnRK2.8 were upregulated in response to drought and salinity stresses. In waterlogging conditions, Co- and CcSnRk2.6 and Co- and CcSnRK2.8 showed higher activity when exposed to hypoxic conditions. Expression analysis in diferent plant parts showed that SnRK2.5 in both Corchorus species is highly expressed in fber cells providing evidence of the role of fber formation. Conclusion This is the frst comprehensive study of SnRK2 genes in both Corchorus species. All seven genes identifed in this study showed an almost similar pattern of gene structures and molecular properties. Gene expression patterns of these genes varied depending on the plant parts and in response to abiotic stresses

Maximizing yield of aromatic fine rice through application of zinc and poultry manure

Zinc (Zn), one of the most important micronutrients for plants which play vital role in various metabolic functions and deficiency of this nutrient in agricultural soils associated with lower yield of rice in many regions of the world. The integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer has been found to be promising for sustainable crop production and poultry manure could be a rich source of organic matter. Considering these factors, a field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of zinc and poultry manure-based fertilization on the yield of aromatic fine rice, BRRI dhan34. Four levels of zinc and three levels of poultry manure (PM) were tested as treatment including control. Application of zinc, PM and their interaction significantly influenced the growth and yield of rice that result the tallest plant (131.33 cm), maximum number of effective tillers/hill (13.89), grains/panicle (128.54), 1000-grain weight (12.09 g) and highest grain yield (3.21 t/ha) where 4 kg Zn/ha were applied. On the other hand, tallest plant (129.92 cm), maximum number of effective tillers/hill (9.13), grains/panicle (128.23), 1000-grain weight (12.05) and grain yield (3.24 t/ha) were obtained where 10 t/ha of PM were applied. The interaction between application of 4 kg Zn/ha and 10 t PM/ha performed best in all yield contributing characters and results maximum grain yield (3.64 t/ha). Therefore, 4 kg Zn/ha along with 10 t PM/ha was found to be suitable combination for cultivation of aromatic fine rice

UGROŽENE VRSTE RIBA U SVIJETU: Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae)

The threatened stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis is a nutritionally valuable food in Asian countries but its natural populations have declined due to over-exploitation, habitat loss and pollution, thus deserving high conservation importance for the remaining isolated, wild populations of H. fossilis in Asian countries. The results would be useful for the protection of the presence of endemic species and sustainable fisheries in the lake.Ugroženi bodljasti som, Heteropneustes fossilis, je nutritivno vrijedna namirnica u azijskim zemljama, ali njegove prirodne populacije opadaju zbog pretjeranog iskorištavanja, gubitka staništa i zagađenja zbog kojih zaslužuje visoku važnost za zaštitu preostalih izoliranih, divljih populacija H. fossilis u azijskim zemljama

4E analysis of a two-stage refrigeration system through surrogate models based on response surface methods and hybrid grey wolf optimizer

Refrigeration systems are complex, non-linear, multi-modal, and multi-dimensional. However, traditional methods are based on a trial and error process to optimize these systems, and a global optimum operating point cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, this work aims to study a two-stage vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS) through a novel and robust hybrid multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (HMOGWO) algorithm. The system is modeled using response surface methods (RSM) to investigate the impacts of design variables on the set responses. Firstly, the interaction between the system components and their cycle behavior is analyzed by building four surrogate models using RSM. The model fit statistics indicate that they are statistically significant and agree with the design data. Three conflicting scenarios in bi-objective optimization are built focusing on the overall system following the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Linear Programming Technique for Multidimensional Analysis of Preference (LINMAP) decision-making methods. The optimal solutions indicate that for the first to third scenarios, the exergetic efficiency (EE) and capital expenditure (CAPEX) are optimized by 33.4% and 7.5%, and the EE and operational expenditure (OPEX) are improved by 27.4% and 19.0%. The EE and global warming potential (GWP) are also optimized by 27.2% and 19.1%, where the proposed HMOGWO outperforms the MOGWO and NSGA-II. Finally, the K-means clustering technique is applied for Pareto characterization. Based on the research outcomes, the combined RSM and HMOGWO techniques have proved an excellent solution to simulate and optimize two-stage VCRS

Change of lipid profile in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia due to induction chemotherapy in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy. In the Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), 58% of ALL cases were recorded among 455 newly diagnosed malignancy patients in a single year. Studies found that remarkable hypertriglyceridemia occurs with L-asparaginase therapy and steroid. This study was done to evaluate the changes of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) during and after induction chemotherapy in children with ALL. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology of BSMMU from March-November 2013. Newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients aged 3-15 years were included in this study after having written consent from the parents of the participants to participate in the study and enrolled for the treatment of ALL (according to modified UKALL 2003 protocol). Results: Total cholesterol, TG, HDL, and LDL changed significantly due to induction therapy. Serum total cholesterol and LDL decreased after completion of L-asparaginse in comparison to before induction, increased significantly after completion of induction in comparison to after completion of L-asparaginase (P=0.001), and increased significantly after induction in relation to before induction therapy (P=0.003). TG decreased significantly (P=0.033) after completion of L-asparaginase than before induction but increased after completion of induction. HDL increased after completion of L-asparaginase and after induction significantly (P=0.001). LDL decreased after completion of L asparaginase which was significant (P=0.005). Conclusion: After induction chemotherapy, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL level increased and TG level decreased among ALL patients. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 35-40

Change of lipid profile in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia due to induction chemotherapy in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood malignancy. In the Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), 58% of ALL cases were recorded among 455 newly diagnosed malignancy patients in a single year. Studies found that remarkable hypertriglyceridemia occurs with L-asparaginase therapy and steroid. This study was done to evaluate the changes of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) during and after induction chemotherapy in children with ALL. Methods: This prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology of BSMMU from March-November 2013. Newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients aged 3-15 years were included in this study after having written consent from the parents of the participants to participate in the study and enrolled for the treatment of ALL (according to modified UKALL 2003 protocol). Results: Total cholesterol, TG, HDL, and LDL changed significantly due to induction therapy. Serum total cholesterol and LDL decreased after completion of L-asparaginse in comparison to before induction, increased significantly after completion of induction in comparison to after completion of L-asparaginase (P=0.001), and increased significantly after induction in relation to before induction therapy (P=0.003). TG decreased significantly (P=0.033) after completion of L-asparaginase than before induction but increased after completion of induction. HDL increased after completion of L-asparaginase and after induction significantly (P=0.001). LDL decreased after completion of L asparaginase which was significant (P=0.005). Conclusion: After induction chemotherapy, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL level increased and TG level decreased among ALL patients. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 35-40