Heavy metal Concentration in Belanger's Croaker Fish, Johnius belangerii from Petrochemical Waste Receiving Estuary in the Persian Gulf, Iran

Abstract. Musa Estuary is receives various type of discharges such as petrochemical, industrial and urban waste, it also is a habitat for Johnius belangerii. This study was carried out to determine heavy metal concentrations in J. belangerii. Fish samples were taken from 5 creeks and acid digested for their heavy metal contents. Results showed that the highest level of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni and Pb was 7.21, 1.08, 1.12, 2.72 and 4.57 in liver, 1.88, 1.04, 2.09, 9.43 and 6.83 in gill and 0.14, ND, 5.61, 2.43 and 3.78 in muscle respectively. The level of heavy metals in muscle was lower than WHO standard, however the level of metals in fish were decreased by the increase of distance from PETZON. It is suggested that biomonitoring of contaminants in this estuary could serve as a good estimate of environmental health

Heavy metals' concentration in sediment, shrimp and two fish species from the northwest Persian Gulf

The concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn)) were measured in hepatopancreas and muscle of a commercial shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), in the muscle, liver and gills of two fish species (Thryssa vitrirostris and Johnius belangerii) and in the sediment samples taken from the mouth of the Arvand river, Meleh estuary and Musa estuary in the northeast Persian Gulf. Concentration of heavy metals varied depending on different tissues, species and sampling sites. Liver of fish and hepatopancreas of shrimp exhibited higher metals' concentration than the other tissues. Generally, in the mouth of the Arvand river, the highest concentration of metals was found in benthic species; while in the mouth of Musa estuary, the highest level of the metals was found in pelagic fish species. Bioaccumulation factors were observed to follow the order: J. belangerii-liver-Cd > T. vitrirostris-liver-Pb > M.affinis-hepatopancreas-Zn >M.affinis-hepatopancreas-Cu >M.affinis- hepatopancreas-Ni. The analysed heavy metals were found in sediment samples at mean concentration in the sediment quality guideline proposed by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Regional Organization for the Protection of The Marine Environment (ROPME), except for Ni concentration in some cases

Spatial and seasonal variations of heavy metal concentration in sediment, Musa estuary (Persian Gulf)

849-857Total concentration of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Fe, as well as geo-accumulation indicator and Enrichment factor were determined in Musa estuary in winter and summer. A GBC flam atomic absorption spectrometer was applied to measure the heavy metals concentration. Jafari and Ghazale creeks were the most polluted creeks among the other creeks. Geoaccumulation indicator shows that Zangi creek is moderately polluted by Pb element in winter. Enrichment factor indicated that Co inJafari, Ahmadi and Zangi creeks have moderately enrichment in summer and winter while Pb in Zangi creek has significant enrichment in winter. Relationship amongst the metals demonstrated that Co-Pb, Fe-Cu and Fe-Pb in summer and Cd-Co, Co-Cu and Ni-Fe have significant correlations

Heavy metal concentration in sediment, benthic, benthopelagic, and pelagic fish species from Musa Estuary (Persian Gulf)

The concentration of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, and Pb was measured in sediment and three fish species collected from Musa Estuary, Persian Gulf. The concentration order of heavy metals in sediment were Ni > Co > Cu > Pb > Cd >. Concentrations of the heavy metals in the fish were apparently different among the three species. The concentrations of Cd and Ni in fish were Johnius belangerii > Euryglossa orientalis > Liza abu, while the Co and Cu levels were L. abu > E. orientalis > J. belangerii and E. orientalis > L. abu > J. belangerii, respectively. Result of regression analysis showed that there were no significant relationships between metal concentration in fish tissues and sediment, except for Ni concentration in the J. belangerii liver. The concentrations of studied metals in fish muscle were below the permissible limits proposed by FAO, WHO, and EC

The relationship between heavy metal (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni and Pb) levels and the size of benthic, benthopelagic and pelagic fish species, Persian Gulf

The concentration of heavy metals was determined in tissues of sole (Euryglossa orientalis), mullet (Liza abu) and croacker fish (Johnius belangerii) from Musa estuary. Generally, the highest concentration of the studied metals in the three species was found in the liver tissue. The levels of Cd and Cu in fish liver were J. belangerii = E. orientalis > L. abu and E. orientalis > L. abu > J. belangerii respectively. The concentrations of Cd and Cu in fish gills were E. orientalis > L. abu = J. belangerii and E. orientalis > L. abu > J. belangerii, respectively, and the level of Cu in muscle was E. orientalis > L. abu = J. belangerii. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that highly significant (p < 0.001) negative relationships were found between fish size and Cd concentrations in the liver of L. abu and Pb in the gills of J. belangerii

Impact of nanoplastic debris on the stability and transport of metal oxide nanoparticles: role of varying soil solution chemistry

The release of metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) and nanoplastic debris (NPDs) has become ubiquitous in the natural ecosystem. Interaction between MNPs and NPDs may alter their fate and transport in the sub-surface environment and have not been addressed so far. Therefore, the present study has explored the role of NPDs on the stability and mobility of extensively used MNPs, i.e., CuO nanoparticles (NPs) under varying soil solutions (SS) chemistry. In the absence of NPDs, a very high aggregation of CuO NPs observed in SS extracted from black, lateritic, and red soils, which can be correlated with ionic strength (IS) and type of ionic species. The sedimentation rate (k(sed)(1/h)) for CuO NPs was > 0.5 h(-1) in the case of these SS. Interestingly, the stability and sedimentation behavior of CuO NPs varied significantly in the presence of NPDs. The k(sed) for CuO NPs decreased to half and found < 0.25 h(-1) in the presence of NPDs in all SS. C/C-0 values in breakthrough curves increased drastically (black < alluvial < laterite < red) in presence of NPDs. Results suggest that the release of NPDs in the terrestrial ecosystem is a potential threat leading to increased mobility of MNPs in the environment

Removal of chromate ions from leachate-contaminated groundwater samples of Khan Chandpur, India, using chitin modified iron-enriched hydroxyapatite nanocomposite

Chromite ore processing residues (COPR) are real environmental threats, leading to CrO42-, i.e., Cr (VI) leaching into groundwater. It is of serious concern as Cr (VI) is proven to be carcinogenic. Here we emphasize the application of novel and eco-friendly chitin functionalized iron-enriched hydroxyapatite nanocomposite (HAP-Fe-0-Ct) in the remediation of Cr (VI)-contaminated groundwater samples collected from Khan Chandpur, India, where the level of Cr (VI) is found to be 11.7 mg/L in a complex aqueous matrix having 793 mg/L of total dissolved solids. Chitin functionality in the composite has resulted in positive zeta potential at circum-neutral pH, favoring electrostatic attraction of chromate ions and resulting in its bulk surface transport. The HAP-Fe-0-Ct showed faster kinetics of removal with efficiency (q(m) = 13.9 +/- 0.46 mg/g) for Cr (VI). The composite has shown sorption equilibrium and 100% removal of Cr (VI) within 3 h of interaction time in groundwater samples. No Cr (VI) leaching in the acid wash process at pH 3.5 also suggests chromium's strong chemisorption onto nanocomposite. During the interaction in aqueous solutions, the reduced iron (Fe-0) on the nanocomposite becomes oxidized, suggesting the probable simultaneous reduction of Cr (VI) and its co-precipitation. Continuous column extraction of chromate ions was also efficient in both spiked solutions (39.7 +/- 0.04 mg/g) and COPR contaminated water (13.2 +/- 0.09 mg/g). Reusability up to three cycles with almost complete Cr (VI) removal may be attributed to surface protonation, new binding sites generation, and electron transfer from Fe-0 core through defects. The study concludes that HAP-Fe-0-Ct could be utilized for continuous Cr (VI) removal from COPR contaminated complex groundwater matrices