Pelaksanaan Hafazan dalam Program Ulul Albab Berdasarkan Jantina dan Kumpulan

This article aims to review the implementation of the hafazan in the Ulul Albab program based on gender and the group. The implementation of the hafazan is reviewed from the aspect of time allocation and preparation of the student before performing the Quran recitation. This study involved 120 Form One students at MRS Gemencheh. In conducting this study, several Islamic Education teachers were involved as instructors and mentors for the Tahdhir, Murajaah and Tasmik sessions. A pilot study found that the whole item was at a high level of reliability above 0.8. The findings show that there is no significant difference and interaction effect of time allocation for students in performing the hafazan. Furthermore, the findings show that there is a significant difference in the time allocation of students in performing hafazan based on gender. For students preparation before performing the hafazan, there is no difference and significant interaction effects based on gender and group. Student preparation before performing the hafazan and time allocation is one of the factors that support student achievement

Ankle fractures: the operative outcome

Ankle fractures are commonly seen in orthopaedic practice. This retrospective study of patients with ankle fractures who underwent surgical treatment in our institution from January 2000 to December 2003 was undertaken to analyze the common causes and patterns of ankle fractures; and the functional outcome of operative treatment for these fractures. Eighty patients were identified and reviewed. There were 65 male (81.3%) and 15 female patients (18.7%) with age ranging from 13 to 71 years old (mean, 32.3y). Common causes of ankle fractures were trauma (especially motor vehicle accidents), sports injuries and the osteoporotic bones in the elderly. Weber C (64.0%) was the most common pattern of fracture at presentation. The most common operative treatment for ankle fractures was open reduction and internal fixation (73 patients, 91.2%). Excellent and good outcomes were achieved in 93.8% of cases when measured using the Olerud and Molander scoring system for foot and ankle. In conclusion, operative treatment for ankle fractures restores sufficient stability and allowed mobility of the ankle joint

Effects of cementation reagent on the precipitation of calcium carbonate induced by bacillus megaterium

A laboratory experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of cementation reagent that will produce the maximal amount of calcium carbonate induced by Bacillus Megaterium. The optimum condition for calcium carbonate precipitation was evaluated for its application in improving the geotechnical properties of soil. The process was studied using the test-tube experiment and evaluating the amount of calcium carbonate precipitated and subsequently verified using X-ray diffraction test. Five different concentrations of cementation reagent (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5M) were used in the study. Results showed calcium carbonate was higher with increase in concentration of cementation reagent irrespective of the curing period. Furthermore, the XRD scan confirmed the precipitate formed was calcium carbonate. Calcite formed acts ad bio-cement which is responsible for improving the geotechnical properties of various soil

Compaction characteristics of lime-treated tropical soil

Like soils of other regions in the world, some tropical soils are also associated with problems of low strength. To improve engineering characteristics of soils, several methods have been employed worldwide which are categorized as mechanical, chemical, thermal and electrical. The aim of this research is to compare the compaction characteristics of untreated and lime-treated soils. Soil samples obtained from three different points within a project site in Klang, Selangor were utilized in this study. Each sample was subjected to Eades and Grimm's test in accordance with ASTM D6276-99a to determine the appropriate lime dosage for soil stabilization. The required lime dosage was found between 1.3% and 3.4%. Then each untreated soil and soil sample mixed with 5% lime, higher than that obtained from Eades and Grimm's tests were compacted in accordance with BS 1377:1990. Generally, each soil sample achieved lower values of maximum dry density after treated with 5% lime than those of the untreated soils. Such observations were in good agreement with those obtained by previous researchers working on lime-treated soils. Nonetheless, the optimum moisture content of the lime-treated sample from Points 1 was slightly higher than that of the untreated sample. This finding was different from those obtained by previous researchers. Such contradicting observation might be due to the type and quantity of mineralogical contents of the soils studied

Accumulation of heavy metals in farmed lates calcarifer of a tropical coastal lagoon

Heavy metals content in seafood, especially fish species has been of increasing concern to the human health. Nowadays, with increasing dependency towards farmed fish for sources of dietary protein and essential minerals, this heavy metals contamination in fishes are still questionable. This study aimed to investigate the accumulation of heavy metals in farmed fish, Lates calcarifer different organs from Setiu tropical coastal lagoon, Terengganu, Malaysia throughout its out-growing phase in the farm from the fingerling release up to their marketable size. Selected heavy metals namely Cu (Max:291.5±99.31), Zn (Max: 84.89±12.76), As (Max: 26.01±5.170), Cd (Max: 1.634±0.014), Hg (Max: 0.165±0.029) and Pb (Max: 0.634±0.550) in the fish was analyzed using ICP-MS after Teflon bomb closed digestion. The metal accumulation in each organ were generally found in the order of liver > gill > muscle. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in the liver were found to increase with fish size in each organ based on the association found in the principal component analysis (PCA). Meanwhile the overall findings observed negative correlation with L. calcarifer growth in fish size for all other heavy metals and organs. The amount of As in the fish muscle throughout its growth can be potentially harmful to humans with the highest averaged concentration at 3.29±0.65 mg/kg dw above the standard set by the Malaysian Food Regulation (1985) of more than 1 mg/kg. Meanwhile, all the other heavy metals were relatively safe and the concentrations well below the standard set by both national and international guidelines

Orang Asal Semai dan Temiar di Pahang dan Kelantan, Semenanjung Malaysia : Sejarah, Budaya dan Bahasa

Naskah ini merupakan salah satu usaha projek penyelidikan yang dikenali sebagai Telecentre Project for Orang Asli (TPOA) yang bertujuan untuk memperkasakan pengetahuan peribumi sejajar dengan perubahan semasa. Kami menyedari bahawa pembangunan fizikal dan teknologi semata-mata tidak mampu untuk dipertahankan tanpa ilmu dan kekayaan budaya yang menjadi asas kepada identiti dan kelestarian komuniti dalam mengharungi cabaran modenisasi dan globalisasi

Impact of renal impairment on atrial fibrillation: ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and renal impairment share a bidirectional relationship with important pathophysiological interactions. We evaluated the impact of renal impairment in a contemporary cohort of patients with AF. Methods: We utilised the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF Long-Term General Registry. Outcomes were analysed according to renal function by CKD-EPI equation. The primary endpoint was a composite of thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death. Secondary endpoints were each of these separately including ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic event, intracranial haemorrhage, cardiovascular death and hospital admission. Results: A total of 9306 patients were included. The distribution of patients with no, mild, moderate and severe renal impairment at baseline were 16.9%, 49.3%, 30% and 3.8%, respectively. AF patients with impaired renal function were older, more likely to be females, had worse cardiac imaging parameters and multiple comorbidities. Among patients with an indication for anticoagulation, prescription of these agents was reduced in those with severe renal impairment, p <.001. Over 24 months, impaired renal function was associated with significantly greater incidence of the primary composite outcome and all secondary outcomes. Multivariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated an inverse relationship between eGFR and the primary outcome (HR 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01–1.14] per 10 ml/min/1.73 m2 decrease), that was most notable in patients with eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2 (HR 2.21 [95% CI, 1.23–3.99] compared to eGFR ≥90 ml/min/1.73 m2). Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with AF suffer from concomitant renal impairment which impacts their overall management. Furthermore, renal impairment is an independent predictor of major adverse events including thromboembolism, major bleeding, acute coronary syndrome and all-cause death in patients with AF

Clinical complexity and impact of the ABC (Atrial fibrillation Better Care) pathway in patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF General Long-Term Registry

Background: Clinical complexity is increasingly prevalent among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway approach has been proposed to streamline a more holistic and integrated approach to AF care; however, there are limited data on its usefulness among clinically complex patients. We aim to determine the impact of ABC pathway in a contemporary cohort of clinically complex AF patients. Methods: From the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry, we analysed clinically complex AF patients, defined as the presence of frailty, multimorbidity and/or polypharmacy. A K-medoids cluster analysis was performed to identify different groups of clinical complexity. The impact of an ABC-adherent approach on major outcomes was analysed through Cox-regression analyses and delay of event (DoE) analyses. Results: Among 9966 AF patients included, 8289 (83.1%) were clinically complex. Adherence to the ABC pathway in the clinically complex group reduced the risk of all-cause death (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.72, 95%CI 0.58–0.91), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs; aHR: 0.68, 95%CI 0.52–0.87) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.70, 95%CI: 0.58–0.85). Adherence to the ABC pathway was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of death (aHR: 0.74, 95%CI 0.56–0.98) and composite outcome (aHR: 0.76, 95%CI 0.60–0.96) also in the high-complexity cluster; similar trends were observed for MACEs. In DoE analyses, an ABC-adherent approach resulted in significant gains in event-free survival for all the outcomes investigated in clinically complex patients. Based on absolute risk reduction at 1 year of follow-up, the number needed to treat for ABC pathway adherence was 24 for all-cause death, 31 for MACEs and 20 for the composite outcome. Conclusions: An ABC-adherent approach reduces the risk of major outcomes in clinically complex AF patients. Ensuring adherence to the ABC pathway is essential to improve clinical outcomes among clinically complex AF patients

Impact of clinical phenotypes on management and outcomes in European atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational Research Programme in AF (EORP-AF) General Long-Term Registry

Background: Epidemiological studies in atrial fibrillation (AF) illustrate that clinical complexity increase the risk of major adverse outcomes. We aimed to describe European AF patients\u2019 clinical phenotypes and analyse the differential clinical course. Methods: We performed a hierarchical cluster analysis based on Ward\u2019s Method and Squared Euclidean Distance using 22 clinical binary variables, identifying the optimal number of clusters. We investigated differences in clinical management, use of healthcare resources and outcomes in a cohort of European AF patients from a Europe-wide observational registry. Results: A total of 9363 were available for this analysis. We identified three clusters: Cluster 1 (n = 3634; 38.8%) characterized by older patients and prevalent non-cardiac comorbidities; Cluster 2 (n = 2774; 29.6%) characterized by younger patients with low prevalence of comorbidities; Cluster 3 (n = 2955;31.6%) characterized by patients\u2019 prevalent cardiovascular risk factors/comorbidities. Over a mean follow-up of 22.5 months, Cluster 3 had the highest rate of cardiovascular events, all-cause death, and the composite outcome (combining the previous two) compared to Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 (all P <.001). An adjusted Cox regression showed that compared to Cluster 2, Cluster 3 (hazard ratio (HR) 2.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.27\u20133.62; HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.72\u20134.31; HR 2.79, 95%CI 2.32\u20133.35), and Cluster 1 (HR 1.88, 95%CI 1.48\u20132.38; HR 2.50, 95%CI 1.98\u20133.15; HR 2.09, 95%CI 1.74\u20132.51) reported a higher risk for the three outcomes respectively. Conclusions: In European AF patients, three main clusters were identified, differentiated by differential presence of comorbidities. Both non-cardiac and cardiac comorbidities clusters were found to be associated with an increased risk of major adverse outcomes