Estilo de vida y estado de nutrición en niños escolares

ResumenObjetivoRelacionar el estilo de vida y el estado de nutrición en escolares.MétodoEstudio correlacional, participaron 260 niños adscritos a la Clínica ISSSTE, elegidos aleatoriamente. Se utilizó el cuestionario sobre estilos de vida en la niñez y se valoró el peso y talla. Se obtuvo la aprobación de la Jefatura de Investigación del ISSSTE. En el análisis de datos se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial.ResultadosParticiparon 137 niños y 123 niñas, con edades entre 6-12 años. Respecto al estado de nutrición, 5 de cada 10 de los participantes se encuentran en peso normal, 2 de cada 10 en sobrepeso y uno de cada 10 en obesidad y peso bajo. Sobre el estilo de vida 7 de cada 10 de los participantes se encontraron en riesgo bajo y 2 de cada 10 en riesgo mediano. Por otra parte, no se encontró relación entre el estilo de vida de los niños y su estado de nutrición (rs=0.038, p>0.05). Adicionalmente, se encontró que los niños con peso normal o bajo peso tienen mejores hábitos de sueño que los niños con sobrepeso u obesidad (U=3.79, p<0.001).ConclusionesEste estudio muestra indicios de que los aspectos vinculados con la dimensión psicocorporal y con uso del tiempo libre deberían indagarse a mayor profundidad, ya que fueron los que arrojaron cifras que ubican a los escolares en riesgo medio y alto.AbstractObjectiveTo explore the association between lifestyle and nutritional status among school children.MethodCorrelational study involving 260 children registered at an ISSSTE clinic, who were randomly selected. A questionnaire on childhood lifestyles was used; weight and height were also assessed. A project approval from the ISSSTE research committee was obtained. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used.Results137 boys and 123 girls with ages between 6 and 12 years old participated. In relation to the nutrition status, five out every ten have a normal weight; two out every ten are over weighted, and one out of every ten is obese or under weighted respectively. In relation to lifestyle, seven out of every ten participants have low risk; and two out of every ten have medium risk. On the other hand a relation between the lifestyle and nutritional status of the children was not found (rs=.038, p>0.05). Moreover, it was found that children with normal or low weights have better sleep habits in comparison to the children who are over weighted or obese U=3.79, p <.001).ConclusionsThis study suggests that issues related to the psychological and corporal dimensions, as well as the use of free time, should be further explored because they showed figures which place children within mid and high risks

Cortical Astrocytes Acutely Exposed to the Monomethylarsonous Acid (MMA(III)) Show Increased Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Gene Expression that is Consistent with APP and BACE-1: Over-expression.

Long-term exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through drinking water has been associated with cognitive impairment in children and adults; however, the related pathogenic mechanisms have not been completely described. Increased or chronic inflammation in the brain is linked to impaired cognition and neurodegeneration; iAs induces strong inflammatory responses in several cells, but this effect has been poorly evaluated in central nervous system (CNS) cells. Because astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the CNS and play a critical role in brain homeostasis, including regulation of the inflammatory response, any functional impairment in them can be deleterious for the brain. We propose that iAs could induce cognitive impairment through inflammatory response activation in astrocytes. In the present work, rat cortical astrocytes were acutely exposed in vitro to the monomethylated metabolite of iAs (MMA(III)), which accumulates in glial cells without compromising cell viability. MMA(III) LD50 in astrocytes was 10.52 μM, however, exposure to sub-toxic MMA(III) concentrations (50-1000 nM) significantly increased IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and MIF-1 gene expression. These effects were consistent with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-secretase (BACE-1) increased gene expression, mainly for those MMA(III) concentrations that also induced TNF-α over-expression. Other effects of MMA(III) on cortical astrocytes included increased proliferative and metabolic activity. All tested MMA(III) concentrations led to an inhibition of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Results suggest that MMA(III) induces important metabolic and functional changes in astrocytes that may affect brain homeostasis and that inflammation may play a major role in cognitive impairment-related pathogenicity in As-exposed populations.Fondo de Apoyo a la Investigacion (FAI), UASLP [C14-FAI-04-10.10]First Online: 20 June 2016. 12 month embargo.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study

AimThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to explore the impact of surgical delays on cancer resectability. This study aimed to compare resectability for colorectal cancer patients undergoing delayed versus non-delayed surgery.MethodsThis was an international prospective cohort study of consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a decision for curative surgery (January-April 2020). Surgical delay was defined as an operation taking place more than 4 weeks after treatment decision, in a patient who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. A subgroup analysis explored the effects of delay in elective patients only. The impact of longer delays was explored in a sensitivity analysis. The primary outcome was complete resection, defined as curative resection with an R0 margin.ResultsOverall, 5453 patients from 304 hospitals in 47 countries were included, of whom 6.6% (358/5453) did not receive their planned operation. Of the 4304 operated patients without neoadjuvant therapy, 40.5% (1744/4304) were delayed beyond 4 weeks. Delayed patients were more likely to be older, men, more comorbid, have higher body mass index and have rectal cancer and early stage disease. Delayed patients had higher unadjusted rates of complete resection (93.7% vs. 91.9%, P = 0.032) and lower rates of emergency surgery (4.5% vs. 22.5%, P ConclusionOne in 15 colorectal cancer patients did not receive their planned operation during the first wave of COVID-19. Surgical delay did not appear to compromise resectability, raising the hypothesis that any reduction in long-term survival attributable to delays is likely to be due to micro-metastatic disease