Biosécurité et productivité du tilapia du Nil Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1958) élevé en zone rurale ivoirienne

Biosecurity and Productivity of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1958) Bred in Ivoirian's Rural Zone. Fingerlings of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were bred in three types of fish farming of rural zone in Ivory Coast to determine impacts of the compliance of biosecurity measures on zootechnical parameters of these bred fishes. Fish farming were shared out in three types of farming based on the value of biosecurity measures compliance, which were 5%, 55%, and 83%. No significant differences were observed between mean values of physic and chemical parameters of ponds water from three types of fish farming. Concerning mean values of zootechnical parameters, the fish breeding with 83% of rate compliance of biosecurity measures had registered better values of zoo technical performance with significant differences compared with others types of fish farming

Contribution à l’alimentation des jeunes aulacodes (Thryonomys swinderianus) après le sevrage

The influence of granule on the growth of 40 weaned grass-cutters (20 males and 20 females) was studied. The lot1 (10 males (lot1M) and 10 females (lot1F)) were fed with standard food (forage + concentrated feed). The lot2 (lot2M and lot2F) were fed with granule. The highest mean weight (2388,34 ± 132,52g) was obtained with granule (lot2) and the lowest (1941,87 ± 103,9g) with standard food (lot1). At five months, the growth of lot2 were significant (p< 0,05) than lot1;  with respectively 2591,02 ± 64,49g and 2186,67 ± 128,51g for  lot2M and lot2F, against 2023,48 ± 110,75g and 1860,26 ± 99,24g for lot1M and lot1F.  The average daily weight gain was 14,68 ± 1,07g/day for lot2 against 11,72 ± 0,97g/day for lot1. Consumption index were 9,26± 0,87 and 14,5 ± 1,23 respectively for lot1 and lot2. Thus, granule permits to reduce fattening period and putting up the female for reproduction.L’effet du granulé sur la croissance pondérale des aulacodes sevrés s’est effectué sur 40 aulacodeaux (20 mâles et 20 femelles). Le lot1 composé de 10 mâles (lot1M avec 556,6 ± 3,27g de PM (Poids Moyen)) et de 10 femelles (lot1F avec 512,09 ± 5,07g de PM), a été alimenté à l’aliment standard composé de fourrage (Panicum maximum, Pennissetum purpureum, Brachiaria ruziziensis et des tiges de Manhiot esculenta) et de complément alimentaire (grains de maïs, folioles séchées de Leucæna leucocephala, cossettes de Manhiot esculenta, poudre de coquille calcinée et du sel de cuisine). Le lot 2 nourri au granulé est composé à l’identique du lot1avec un PM  de 550,6 ± 2,46g pour le lot2M et 500,82 ± 2,91g pour le lot2F. Le lot2 a enregistré une croissance très significative (p< 0,05) à 5 mois d’âge, avec des PM respectifs de 2591,02 ± 64,49g et 2186,67 ± 128,51g pour le lot2M et le lot2F, contre respectivement 2023,48 ± 110,75g et 1860,26 ± 99,24g pour le lot1M et le lot1F. L’alimentation des aulacodes au granulé permet de réduire le temps d’engraissement et l’âge de mise en reproduction des femelles

Prevalence Of African Giant Snails For Parasites In A South-East Region Of Côte d'Ivoire

Two species of snails (Achatina achatina and Archachatina ventricosa), from surrounding forest of Azaguié’s district, were collected at the market of the locality aforementioned in order to identify their various parasites. For that, 50 snails of each species were sacrificed. Parasites were searched on the level of the flesh, between the flesh and the shell, the stomach, the intestine, the liver and the reproductive apparatus. The collected parasites were Balantidium spp, the larvae of Protostrongylus spp, the larvae of Dicrocoelium spp and Trichomonas spp. Our results showed that 52% of Achatina achatina and 74% of Archachatina ventricosa were parasitized. Among the parasites collected in the snail Achatina achatina, 95.8% were nematodes and 4.1% were trematodes. Whereas in the snail Archachatina ventricosa, 97.7% were protozoa, 8.8% nematodes and 0.4% consisting with trematodes. The prevalence of Protostrongylus spp (48%) were higher than that of Dicrocoelium spp (4%) in Achatina achatina. For the snail Archachatina ventricosa, the prevalence of parasite were dominated by Trichomonas spp (38%) and Protostrongylus spp (24%)

Spatial mapping and prediction of Plasmodium falciparum infection risk among school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire

BACKGROUND: In Côte d'Ivoire, malaria remains a major public health issue, and thus a priority to be tackled. The aim of this study was to identify spatially explicit indicators of Plasmodium falciparum infection among school-aged children and to undertake a model-based spatial prediction of P. falciparum infection risk using environmental predictors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, including parasitological examinations and interviews with more than 5,000 children from 93 schools across Côte d'Ivoire. A finger-prick blood sample was obtained from each child to determine Plasmodium species-specific infection and parasitaemia using Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films. Household socioeconomic status was assessed through asset ownership and household characteristics. Children were interviewed for preventive measures against malaria. Environmental data were gathered from satellite images and digitized maps. A Bayesian geostatistical stochastic search variable selection procedure was employed to identify factors related to P. falciparum infection risk. Bayesian geostatistical logistic regression models were used to map the spatial distribution of P. falciparum infection and to predict the infection prevalence at non-sampled locations via Bayesian kriging. RESULTS: Complete data sets were available from 5,322 children aged 5-16 years across Côte d'Ivoire. P. falciparum was the predominant species (94.5 %). The Bayesian geostatistical variable selection procedure identified land cover and socioeconomic status as important predictors for infection risk with P. falciparum. Model-based prediction identified high P. falciparum infection risk in the north, central-east, south-east, west and south-west of Côte d'Ivoire. Low-risk areas were found in the south-eastern area close to Abidjan and the south-central and west-central part of the country. CONCLUSIONS: The P. falciparum infection risk and related uncertainty estimates for school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire represent the most up-to-date malaria risk maps. These tools can be used for spatial targeting of malaria control interventions

Disparities of Plasmodium falciparum infection, malaria-related morbidity and access to malaria prevention and treatment among school-aged children : a national cross-sectional survey in Côte d'Ivoire

There is limited knowledge on the malaria burden of school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire. The aim of this study was to assess Plasmodium falciparum infection, malaria-related morbidity, use of preventive measures and treatment against malaria, and physical access to health structures among school-aged children across Côte d'Ivoire.; A national, cross-sectional study was designed, consisting of clinical and parasitological examinations and interviews with schoolchildren. More than 5,000 children from 93 schools in Côte d'Ivoire were interviewed to determine household socioeconomic status, self-reported morbidity and means of malaria prevention and treatment. Finger-prick blood samples were collected and Plasmodium infection and parasitaemia determined using Giemsa-stained blood films and a rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Haemoglobin levels and body temperature were measured. Children were classified into wealth quintiles using household assets and principal components analysis (PCA). The concentration index was employed to determine significant trends of health variables according to wealth quintiles. Logistic and binomial negative regression analyses were done to investigate for associations between P. falciparum prevalence and parasitaemia and any health-related variable.; The prevalence of P. falciparum was 73.9% according to combined microscopy and RDT results with a geometric mean of parasitaemia among infected children of 499 parasites/μl of blood. Infection with P. falciparum was significantly associated with sex, socioeconomic status and study setting, while parasitaemia was associated with age. The rate of bed net use was low compared to the rate of bed net ownership. Preventive measures (bed net ownership, insecticide spray and the reported use of malaria treatment) were more frequently mentioned by children from wealthier households who were at lower risk of P. falciparum infection. Self-reported morbidity (headache) and clinical morbidity (anaemia) were more often reported by children from less wealthy households.; Seven out of ten school-aged children in Côte d'Ivoire are infected with P. falciparum and malaria-related morbidity is considerable. Furthermore, this study points out that bed net usage is quite low and there are important inequalities in preventive measures and treatment. These results can guide equity-oriented malaria control strategies in Côte d'Ivoire

The Management of Protected Areas in Seven Countries of West and Central Africa

Note portant sur l’auteur Introduction Africa harbours a great variety of ecosystems and almost one-third of the biological diversity of the world (IUCN, 2005) but it is also the continent that suffers from the highest rates of poverty on the planet. In order to try to protect natural resources while ensuring the development of its people, the creation and management of protected areas is widely practised and recognized at the international level. It could even be said that the conservation o..

Additional file 1: of Spatial mapping and prediction of Plasmodium falciparum infection risk among school-aged children in Côte d’Ivoire

Bayesian geostatistical stochastic search variable selection. (DOCX 22 kb

Quelles aires protégées pour l’Afrique de l’Ouest ?

Concilier conservation dans les aires protégées et développement des populations locales exige une bonne connaissance de la dynamique des systèmes naturels et sociaux. Issu d’un séminaire interdisciplinaire qui a réuni les partenaires de 16 pays, en majorité africains, ce CD-ROM présente les données biologiques et sociales permettant de questionner les pratiques en cours dans les aires protégées d’Afrique de l’Ouest. Il s’adresse aux scientifiques, aux gestionnaires et aux décideurs.Reconciling conservation in protected areas and development for the local people requires a good knowledge of the dynamics of natural and social systems. The result of an interdisciplinary seminar which brought together participants of 16 countries, mostly African, this work presents biological and social data in support of a re-consideration of the practices in progress in the protected areas of West Africa. It is intended as much for scientists as for managers and decision-makers