Optically tuned and large-grained bromine doped CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite thin films via aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition

Herein, doping of methylammonium lead iodide perovskite thin films with bromine ions is successfully performed for the first time using the aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition process. Depending on the doping levels, photoluminescence spectra are shifted relative to their bandgap values. Detailed analysis of scanning electron microscope images showed that increasing the bromine levels linearly increased the grain sizes. The unchanged amount of detected lead provided evidence for the controlled processing conditions. Both bulk and surface compositional techniques confirmed the deposition of marginally iodine rich perovskite thin films

Improved FTO/NiOx interfaces for inverted planar triple cation perovskite solar cells

Front electrodes of fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films and hole transporting layers of nickel oxide thin films have been combined to fabricate 1.063 cm2 inverted planar solar cells with cesium-containing triple cation perovskites as absorber layers. Using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition FTO layers were obtained with low sheet resistance, decreased root mean squareroughness, increased transmission,and reduced optical haze values compared to a widely used commercial FTO substrate. Cell performance outperformed the equivalent cells fabricated using the commercial FTO. With full illumination under maximumpowerpoint tracking, a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 13.78 % was obtained for the champion device

Longterm Effect Of Phenytoin On Lipid Profile Parameters In Epileptic Patients

Research Problem: What are the factors responsible for decreased incidence of coronary artery disease in epileptics? Objectives: To evaluate the effect of phenytoin on lipid profile parameters in epileptics and to discuss its implications. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Neurology clinic of Medicine Department of a teaching hospital. Participants: Randomly selected epileptic patient at­tending neurology clinic and admitted to inpatient department of J. N. Medical College Hospital. Sample Size: 56 epileptic patients. Study Variables: Phenytoin therapy, lipid profile pa­rameters. Statistical Analysis: By test of significance. Result: No significant change in serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL - C, VLDL - C, triglycerides and phospholipids was observed with phenytoin therapy during study. However, serum HDL - C showed a significant increase, both at 12 weeks and 24 weeks ( P < 0.001) of therapy. Conclusion: Phenytoin,    a    commonly used anticonvulsive drug, increases serum HDL - C level significantly, while there is no significant change in other parameters of lipid profile. This rise in HDL - C may provide protection to epileptic patients against atherogenic vascular diseases including coronary ar­tery disease

An intrusion and fault tolerant forensic storage for a SIEM system

Current Security Information and Events Management (SIEM) solutions lack a data storage facility which is secure enough - i.e. stored events related to security incidents cannot be forged and are always available - that it can be used for forensic purposes. Forensic storage used by current SIEM solutions uses traditional RSA algorithm to sign the security events. In this paper we have analyzed the limits of current forensic storages, and we have proposed an architecture for forensic storage, implementing a threshold-based variant of the RSA algorithm, that outperforms state of the art SIEM solutions in terms of intrusion- and fault-tolerance. We show by experiments that our forensic storage works correctly even in the presence of cyber-attacks, although with a performance penalty. We also conduct an experimental campaign to evaluate the performance cost of the proposed scheme as a function of the threshold

1 cm2 CH3NH3PbI3 mesoporous solar cells with 17.8% steady-state efficiency by tailoring front FTO electrodes

In this article, we investigate the effects of atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposited fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin films as front electrodes for the fabrication of mesoporous perovskite solar cells with an active area of 1 cm2 and compare them with the use of a commonly used commercial transparent conducting oxide. The effects of sheet resistance (Rs) and surface roughness are both closely linked to the film thickness. In order to separate out these effects the characteristics of the deposited FTOs were carefully controlled by changing the fluorine doping levels and the number of passes under the coating head to give films of specific thicknesses or Rs. Under AM 1.5 Sun illumination and maximum power point tracking, the optimised FTOs yielded a steady-state power conversion efficiency of 17.8%, higher than that of the reference cell fabricated from the commercial FTO. We attribute the improved cell efficiency to increased fill factor and a lower series resistance resulting from the lower Rs and increased thickness of these FTO substrates. This low-cost and viable methodology is the first such type of study looking independently at the significance of FTO roughness and resistance for highly efficient mesoporous perovskite solar cells

A resilient architecture for forensic storage of events in critical infrastructures

In Critical Infrastructures, forensic analysis of stored events is an essential task when a security breach occurs. The goal of forensic analysis is to provide evidence to be used as valid proofs in a legal proceeding. So, it is very important to ensure the integrity of the events stored in order to perform a correct forensic analysis. Today, most of the SIEMs used to protect the Critical Infrastructures sign the security events with RSA classic algorithm in order to ensure their integrity. The signed security events cannot be admissible as evidence if the secret key is compromised, or when the module responsible for signing operations is down for any reason. In this paper a new architecture that overcomes these limitations has been proposed. Experimental tests show the performance of our architecture and the high resilience in faulty situations, i.e. some nodes are under attack

Analysis and Simulation of a Pan Tilt Platform Based on Linear Model

This research paper deals with the modeling, analysis and simulation of a two degree of freedom pan tilt platform (PTP) for rapidly positioning a camera. The PT?, with 2-revolute joints, is a device that makes possible for the camera to point in a desired direction. The objective of this paper is to derive a mathematical model of the PTP to point in a desired direction. To achieve the objective, a feedback control system with PD controller was analyzed and simulated in section III. The PTP was used on unmanned aerial vehicle to perform visual tracking experiments for moving objects. There is a growing demand for control systems with motion tracking ability. The practicality of this project can be extended to a broad range of applications. Of these, the most apparent use is in defense, where there is a strong emphasis on reliably neutralizing threats without risking human life. Unmanned aerial systems can provide significant reductions in manpower and risk to humans for critical security and defense roles. The applications of PTP m defense and security applications have been increased significantly in recent years. Such applications include target acquisition, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, border patrol, maritime security, search and rescue, and environmental monitoring. Also, several applications for this device exist both in law enforcement and in entertainment

A multilevel image thresholding based on Hybrid Salp Swarm algorithm and Fuzzy Entropy

The image segmentation techniques based on multi-level threshold value received lot of attention in recent years. It is because they can be used as a pre-processing step in complex image processing applications. The main problem in identifying the suitable threshold values occurs when classical image segmentation methods are employed. The swarm intelligence (SI) technique is used to improve multi-level threshold image (MTI) segmentation performance. SI technique simulates the social behaviors of swarm ecosystem, such as the behavior exhibited by different birds, animals etc. Based on SI techniques, we developed an alternative MTI segmentation method by using a modified version of the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). The modified algorithm improves the performance of various operators of the moth-flame optimization (MFO) algorithm to address the limitations of traditional SSA algorithm. This results in improved performance of SSA algorithm. In addition, the fuzzy entropy is used as objective function to determine the quality of the solutions. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methodology, we evaluated our techniques on CEC2005 benchmark and Berkeley dataset. Our evaluation results demonstrate that SSAMFO outperforms traditional SSA and MFO algorithms, in terms of PSNR, SSIM and fitness value

Quantitative determination of the effects of He–Ne laser irradiation on seed thermodynamics, germination attributes and metabolites of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) in relation with the activities of germination enzymes

The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of different doses (100, 300, and 500 mJ) of low power He–Ne laser (632.8 nm) irradiation on seed germination and thermodynamics attributes and activities of potential germinating enzymes in relation with changes in seed metabolites. He–Ne laser seed irradiation increased the amylase (Amy), protease (Pro) and glucosidase (Gluco) activities, with a significant improvement in seed thermodynamics and seed germination attributes. A fast increase was found in free fatty acids (FFA), free amino acids (FAA), chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoids (Car), total soluble sugars (TSS) and reducing sugars (RS) in laser treated seeds in parallel with fast decline in seed oil contents and total soluble proteins (TSP). Significant positive correlations were recorded in laser-induced enhanced seed energy levels, germination, activities of germination enzymes with levels of FAA, FFA, Chl, TSS and RS, but a negative correlation with the levels of TSP and oil. In conclusion, the seed treatment with 100 and 300 mJ He–Ne laser was more effective to improve the seed germination potential associated with an improvement in seed energy levels due to increased activities of germination enzymes due to the speedy breakdown of seed reserves to simple metabolites as building blocks