DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION

Currently, the research community has shown very strong interest towards visible light communication. This work explores VLC communication through a prototype implementation. In this work the visible light is being used and IR sensors. The IR sensor have been in practice for receiving of data which is send from the keypad and is further displayed on the receiver side with the LCD. The IR sensor is interfaced at the receiving end. The data is sensed by the receiver side through the blinking of the LED at the transmitter end. The IR sensor receives the data at the same baud rate and displays it on LCD which is interfaced with the Arduino at the receiver end.  We were able to transmit small data through VLC. In future, we are planning to transmit live stream and large video files through it

Heritability estimates and traits association in wheat advanced lines

Development of superior genotypes is the main aim all breeding programs. For this purpose comprising 14 spring wheat advanced lines with four checks were evaluated for six yield parameters during 2011-12 in an RCB design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P?0.01) for all the studied traits except harvest index which showed significant differences (P?0.05). Mean values ranged between 87.7 to 110.4 cm for plant height, 29.1 to 38.1 cm for peduncle length, 1.91 to 2.89 g for grain weight spike-1, 5617.3 to 7197.5 kg for grain yield ha-1, 15679 to 20123 kg for biological yield ha-1 and 34.94 to 42.40% for harvest index. Grain yield has significant correlation with grain weight spike-1 (0.407**), biological yield (0.486**) and harvest index (0.549**). High heritability was observed for grain weight spike-1 (71.74%), grain yield ha-1 (69.01%) and biological yield ha-1 (71.87%)

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION

Currently, the research community has shown very strong interest towards visible light communication. This work explores VLC communication through a prototype implementation. In this work the visible light is being used and IR sensors. The IR sensor have been in practice for receiving of data which is send from the keypad and is further displayed on the receiver side with the LCD. The IR sensor is interfaced at the receiving end. The data is sensed by the receiver side through the blinking of the LED at the transmitter end. The IR sensor receives the data at the same baud rate and displays it on LCD which is interfaced with the Arduino at the receiver end.  We were able to transmit small data through VLC. In future, we are planning to transmit live stream and large video files through it

Self-perceived health among school going adolescents in Pakistan: influence of individual, parental and life style factors?

BACKGROUND: Adolescents are at substantial risk of acquiring behaviors which might influence their health status. This study was aimed to assess the proportion of school going adolescents (both males and females) with poor self-perceived health and its associated factors. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three major cities of Pakistan i.e. Karachi, Lahore and Quetta. From each city, six (6) secondary schools were randomly selected (3 public and 3 private). Pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine independent factors associated with poor self-perceived health. RESULTS: Approximately 29% adolescents (119/414) reported poor self-perceived health. Individual and parental factors significantly associated with poor self-perceived health were being male (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.79), living in extended family (AOR = 2.65, 95% CI: 1.66 - 4.22), unskilled employment of father (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.35 - 3.48), lack of parental-child communication (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.91) and unfair treatment by parents (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.09 - 2.96). Life style factors such as use of smokeless tobacco (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.26 - 3.96) and unhealthy diet (AOR = 3.60, 95% CI: 1.76 - 7.33) were associated with poor self-perceived health. CONCLUSION: Better employment opportunities for father, parental counseling and increase awareness for adolescents about healthy diet are recommended to improve adolescent self-perceived health in Pakistan

Fabrication of a colorimetric sensor using acetic acid-capped drug-mediated copper oxide nanoparticles for nitrite biosensing in processed food

Nitrite (NO2 −) and nitrate (NO3 −) are frequently used in cured meat products as preservatives, as they give a better taste and work well in color fixation. As a key possible carcinogen, excessive dietary consumption of NO2 − in cured meat products would be bad for health. Herein, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesized using the drug Augmentin as a reducing and capping agent. The desired synthesis of CuO NPs was confirmed by various characterization techniques, including UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The new approach of drug-mediated acetic acid-capped CuO NPs was developed for simple colorimetric detection of nitrite ions in a mimic solution of processed food. The color of the detection system changes from brown to yellow with the increase in the concentration of NO2 − and has been observed with the naked eye. The selectivity of the NO2 − detection system by the UV–visible spectrum and the naked eye is compared to other ions, such as Br−, I−, Cl−1, PO4 −3, CO3 2−, and SO4 2−. The platform was successfully employed for the determination of nitrite in real samples. Moreover, this probe can be used for the sensitive detection of NO2 − with a linear range of 1 × 10−8 to 2.40 × 10−6 M, a detection limit of 2.69 × 10−7 M, a limit of quantification 8.9 × 10−7 M, and a regression coefficient (R 2) of 0.997. Our results suggest that this sensor can be used for on-site analysis and quantification as well as in the fields of disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety

Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Tranexamic acid reduces surgical bleeding and reduces death due to bleeding in patients with trauma. Meta-analyses of small trials show that tranexamic acid might decrease deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to assess the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 164 hospitals in 15 countries. Patients were enrolled if the responsible clinician was uncertain whether to use tranexamic acid, were aged above the minimum age considered an adult in their country (either aged 16 years and older or aged 18 years and older), and had significant (defined as at risk of bleeding to death) upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients were randomly assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Patients received either a loading dose of 1 g tranexamic acid, which was added to 100 mL infusion bag of 0·9% sodium chloride and infused by slow intravenous injection over 10 min, followed by a maintenance dose of 3 g tranexamic acid added to 1 L of any isotonic intravenous solution and infused at 125 mg/h for 24 h, or placebo (sodium chloride 0·9%). Patients, caregivers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. The primary outcome was death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation; analysis excluded patients who received neither dose of the allocated treatment and those for whom outcome data on death were unavailable. This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN11225767, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01658124. Findings: Between July 4, 2013, and June 21, 2019, we randomly allocated 12 009 patients to receive tranexamic acid (5994, 49·9%) or matching placebo (6015, 50·1%), of whom 11 952 (99·5%) received the first dose of the allocated treatment. Death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation occurred in 222 (4%) of 5956 patients in the tranexamic acid group and in 226 (4%) of 5981 patients in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 0·99, 95% CI 0·82–1·18). Arterial thromboembolic events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were similar in the tranexamic acid group and placebo group (42 [0·7%] of 5952 vs 46 [0·8%] of 5977; 0·92; 0·60 to 1·39). Venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) were higher in tranexamic acid group than in the placebo group (48 [0·8%] of 5952 vs 26 [0·4%] of 5977; RR 1·85; 95% CI 1·15 to 2·98). Interpretation: We found that tranexamic acid did not reduce death from gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of our results, tranexamic acid should not be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding outside the context of a randomised trial

اعجاز رحمانی کی نعتیہ شاعری میں نقوشِ سیرت النبی ﷺ

The Biographical impression of Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W) in the naatya poetry of Eijaz Rehmani By Muhammad Zahid Iqbal Khan Afridi, Research Scholar, Department of Urdu, University of Karachi Professor. Doctor. Tanzim-ul-Firdos, Professor. Of Urdu, University of Karachi. Naat is not any traditional poetry but it is something that have a particular quality and inclination. To articulate the fundamental characteristics and practices of the beloved of Allah Pak, Hazrat Muhammad (ﷺ) is the real miracle, rather it is better to say that Naat cannot be said, but Allah Pak makes us says. There are many poets in the world of Naat who have made their different standings by their maners, style and their allusions. Among the poets migrated to Pakistan from Undivided Sub continent INDIA the prominent name of Natiya Poet is the name of Eijaz Rehmani (1936 to 2019). He was such a name who kept his poetry life in embrace of Naat happily till the end of his life. Versified biography is his specialization in Naat poetry. In his Naat, he amusingly conveyed the memoir of Hazrat Muhammad (ﷺ) which is not seen anywhere else

OPEN-INNOVATION AND OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE PROJECTS: CHALLENGES AND ROLE OF FINANCIAL CONSTRAINT: Waseem Ul Hameed, Muhammad Suhail Sharif, Dr. Tahira Afridi, Syed Muhammad Javed Iqbal

In the recent decade, open innovation (OI) has attracted much attention within the field of innovation management research. Now, most of the firms are adopting OI practices to expedite the performance. However, open-source software projects are facing crucial challenges such as motivating spillovers (MS), incorporation of external knowledge (EK), intellectual property (IP) management, and maximization of internal innovation (II). Additionally, open-source software projects are facing the major issue of financial constraint (FC) to develop and maintain the OI system. To address this issue, the prime objective of the current study is to inspect the role of FC during the management of OI challenges in Pakistan. To accomplish this objective, this study adopted a quantitative research approach and a cross-sectional research design. Survey questionnaires were distributed among the managerial employees of open-source software projects via a mail survey. SMART-PLS 3 (SEM) was utilized to conduct the analysis. The study revealed that FC is a moderating variable between the maximization of II and OI performance. FC is one of the limiting factors towards the maximization of II which automatically decreases the OI performance. Hence, the current study contributed by investigating the role of FC in OI practices. Therefore, this study is beneficial for open-source software developers to enhance OI