Conhecendo a síndrome de autofermentação: etiopatogenia, apresentação e abordagem

Revisar os dados sobre síndrome da autofermentação disponíveis na literatura e reforçar a possibilidade dessa condição como hipótese durante as avaliações diagnósticas. Revisão de literatura de caráter exploratório com estudos selecionados nas plataformas PubMED e Google Scholar, no período de 2015 a 2024. Foram elegidos, após a aplicação dos critérios de seleção e exclusão, 20 artigos para a leitura completa e adicionados 4 materiais extras de valor para o estudo.  A síndrome da autofermentação é uma intoxicação alcoólica de origem endógena, causada, principalmente, por fungos fermentadores após um processo de disbiose intestinal. Suas principais manifestações incluem desorientação, descoordenação motora, marcha atáxica e desinibição social. O diagnóstico é realizado por anamnese detalhada, detecção de altos níveis séricos de álcool e teste do desafio dos carboidratos positivo. O manejo da condição consiste em evitar fatores que prejudiquem o microbioma intestinal e tratar os agentes causadores com uso de antifúngicos principalmente. A síndrome da autofermentação pode ter impacto nos contextos médico, legal e social. É necessário que ela seja mais disseminada entre a comunidade médica e leiga com intuito de permitir que o paciente possa ter um diagnóstico e tratamento adequados

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Schistosoma mansoni no Maranhão entre 1997 e 2019: uma prospecção tecnológica e científica

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease, which has man as a definitive and common host in places without basic sanitation. This research aimed to carry out a scientific and technological research on schistosomiasis in the state of Maranhão. The technological prospection was carried out through the search in the bases: EPO, USPTO, INPI and DII, and the search for scientific articles in the databases: Scielo, Bireme, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct from 1997 to 2019. The results for patents showed that the USPTO base obtained the highest number of publications with 1.879 records. In the results for scientific prospection, it is observed that for the descriptor "Schistosoma mansoni" the Bireme base leads with 8,063 and "Schistosoma mansoni" and "Maranhão" decreases to 21 articles. Thus, it is perceived that more incentive and investments are needed to conduct more research related to schistosomiasis, impact on public health and the few chemotherapy treatments found.A esquistossomose é uma doença parasitária que tem o homem como hospedeiro definitivo e comum em locais sem saneamento básico. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de realizar uma prospecção científica e tecnológica sobre a esquistossomose no Estado do Maranhão. A prospecção tecnológica foi realizada por meio da busca nas bases: EPO, USPTO, INPI e DII, e por busca em artigos científicos nas bases: Scielo, Bireme, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus e Science Direct, de 1997 até 2019. Os resultados para patentes mostraram que a base USPTO obteve o maior número de publicações, com 1.879 registros. Nos resultados para prospecção científica, observa-se que para o descritor “Schistosoma mansoni” a base Bireme lidera com 8.063 e para o "Schistosoma mansoni" and "Maranhão" diminui para 21 artigos.  Dessa forma, percebe-se que é necessário mais incentivo e investimentos para a realização de mais pesquisas relacionadas à esquistossomose, isso devido ao seu impacto na saúde pública e os poucos tratamentos quimioterápicos encontrados

Acceptability and consumer willingness to pay for a hypothetical HIV vaccine in Northern Brazil : a cross-sectional study and the implications

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is considered one of the greatest public health chal-lenges given its impact on morbidity and mortality and, there is currently no vaccine available. The costs for any vaccine have to be weighed against current preventative measures as well as its impact in reducing future infections. This was the rationale behind conducting a willingness to pay (WTP) study to guide future funding decisions. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving residents of Northern Brazil regarding their WTP for a hypothetical vaccine against HIV with 70% effectiveness. 634 individuals were interviewed and 94% accepted to use this hypothetical vaccine. The WTP was US$ 47.54 (200.00BRL). We believe these findings can contribute to decision-making about pricing once a HIV vaccine becomes available in Brazil and in discussions with its acceptability

Circulation of spotted fever group rickettsiae among dogs seropositive for Leishmania spp. in an urban area of Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Dogs play an epidemiological role in several vector-borne diseases that affect human and animal health worldwide. We aimed to identify rickettsial circulation among dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) from a region endemic for both diseases. METHODS: CVL-seropositive dogs were screened for spotted fever group rickettsiae using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: Among the CVL-positive dogs, anti-Rickettsia rickettsii antibodies were identified in one asymptomatic and one oligosymptomatic dog. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows low circulation of antibodies to R. rickettsii in CVL-seropositive dogs. It is recommended that surveillance studies in dogs should continue in order to monitor this scenario

Influence of Chronic Alcohol Use on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Cells, Bone Properties, and Hepatic and Renal Morphology of Rats

Chronic alcohol exposure can affect the osteoblastic activity and the proliferation and differentiation of cells due to its toxic effect, which can affect negatively bone repair and bone microarchitecture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic use of 20% alcohol on rats regarding osteoblastic differentiation, extrinsic and intrinsic properties of the tibia, and hepatic and renal morphology. Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=9) in accordance with a 24-week diet. After euthanasia, kidneys, liver, and tibias were removed for analysis and femurs mesenchymal cells were collected. The results showed that chronic use of 20% alcohol influenced neither the alkaline phosphatase production nor total protein (p>0.05) in rats, with similar formation of nodules in all groups (p>0.05). However, significant changes in the liver and kidneys and adverse effects on the mechanical properties of the tibia were observed. According to the results, it can be concluded that the chronic use of alcohol for 24 weeks had no negative influence on the activity and differentiation of osteoblasts, but the mechanical properties of the tibia were impaired and the organs responsible for metabolism and excretion were also affected due to the consumption of alcohol