Implementation of ADDIE instructional design for the development of a virtual teaching environment

Esta investigación tiene la intención de ofrecer orientaciones a la comunidad educativa y de esta forma, se conforme en una guía de trabajo que contemple los aspectos instruccionales para agilizar el diseño y desarrollo de cursos virtuales, así como el establecimiento de la fundamentación teórica para la propuesta ante la institución educativa donde se desarrolla el proyecto. Es así que se formuló la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿De qué manera la implementación de un diseño instruccional sustentado en el modelo ADDIE (Análisis, Diseño, Desarrollo, Implementación y Evaluación) coadyuva con el aprendizaje del diseño de páginas web de la facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas en una institución de educación superior de Colombia? Se contempló una revisión del enfoque de estudio de casos bajo la propuesta de Stake (2007), en donde se manifiesta la importancia de estudiar a profundidad un caso específico de forma individual antes que por un método de investigación. Se seleccionó una muestra por conveniencia de 3 docentes y 30 estudiantes a quienes se les aplico entrevista semi-estructurada como fuente primaria de recolección de información y la observación no participante y registro anecdótico. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentra: Los estudiantes de modo contundente hacen comunión total al manifestar que reconocen los contenidos y competencias a desarrollar en el curso. Los docentes a su vez coinciden al manifestar que planear y diseñar las unidades didácticas son herramienta base para proyectar el éxito en el alcance de los objetivos propuestos y reconocen la importancia de la implementación del diseño instruccional y su aplicación en el desarrollo del acto pedagógico, para lograr los objetivos del curso.Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey ITESMCapítulo 1. Marco Teórico 5 1.1 Concepción de aprendizaje 6 1.2 La educación en ambientes virtuales 7 1.3 La mediación tecnológica y la mediación pedagógica 8 1.4 Modelo educativo 9 1.5 Modelo comunicativo 11 1.6 Tecnología educativa 13 1.7 Evaluación del aprendizaje 13 1.8 El diseño instruccional 14 1.9 El modelo ADDIE 17 Capítulo 2. Planteamiento del problema 19 2.1 Antecedentes 19 2.2 Planteamiento del problema 20 2.3 Objetivos 21 2.3.1 Objetivo general 21 2.3.2 Objetivos específicos 21 2.4 Justificación 21 2.5 Delimitación del estudio 22 Capítulo 3. Método 23 3.1 Método de investigación 23 3.2 Técnicas de recolección 24 3.3 Participantes 24 3.4 Instrumentos de investigación 25 3.4.1 La entrevista 25 3.4.2 La observación 26 3.5 Procedimientos 26 3.6 Estrategia de análisis de datos 27 Capítulo 4. Resultados 29 4.1 Hallazgos y análisis de datos 30 4.1.1 Implementación de un diseño instruccional ADDIE 31 4.1.2 Mecanismos de adaptación que llevan a cabo los estudiantes 33 4.1.3 Mecanismos de adaptación que llevan a cabo los docentes. 34 4.2 Discusión de los resultados 35 Capítulo 5. Conclusiones 39 5.1 Recomendaciones para futuros estudios 41 5.2 Recomendaciones para las instituciones educativas 41 Referencias 43 Apéndices 50 Apéndice A. Carta de participación en la investigación 50 Apéndice B. Formato de entrevistas estudiantes 51 Apéndice C. Formato de entrevistas docentes 52 Apéndice D. Registro anecdótico 53 Apéndice E. Transcripciones de entrevistas a estudiantes 55 Apéndice F. Transcripciones de entrevistas a docentes 57 Apéndice G. Curriculum Vitae 59MaestríaThis research intends to offer guidance to the educational community and in this way, it complies with a work guide that considers the instructional aspects to speed up the design and development of virtual courses, as well as the establishment of the theoretical foundation for the proposal. before the educational institution where the project is developed. Thus, the following research question was formulated: In what way does the implementation of an instructional design based on the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) contribute to the learning of web page design of the Faculty of Systems Engineering in a higher education institution in Colombia? A review of the case study approach was contemplated under the proposal of Stake (2007), where the importance of studying in depth a specific case individually rather than by a research method is seen. A convenience sample of 3 teachers and 30 students was selected to whom a semi-structured interview was applied as the primary source of information collection and non-participant observation and anecdotal record. Among the main findings is: The students forcefully make total communion by stating that they recognize the content and skills to be developed in the course. Teachers in turn agree by stating that planning and designing teaching units are a basic tool for projecting success in achieving the proposed objectives and recognize the importance of the implementation of instructional design and its application in the development of the pedagogical act, to achieve course objectives.Modalidad Presencia

Estrategias pedagógicas para el desarrollo de una ayuda educativa tecnológica que facilite el proceso orientación aprendizaje de la asignatura seguridad industrial, en los estudiantes del programa de técnico profesional en salud ocupacional de la corporación instituto de artes y ciencias

Especialización en Estudios PedagógicosThe present research work is composed of four chapters that contain everything related to the theoretical, historical, legal and institutional foundations that are part of a comprehensive training of the Professional Technician in Occupational Health of the Institute of Arts and Sciences, as well as the information collected through different techniques of qualitative research and a proposal to implement pedagogical strategies for the development of technological educational aid to facilitate the orientation-learning process of the subject Industrial Safety in the students of the Occupational Health Professional Technician Program of the Institute of Arts and Sciences. Based on the real need to provide the student and the facilitator with optimal didactic resources for their performance and development of the subject.El presente trabajo investigativo está integrado por cuatro capítulos que contienen todo lo relacionado con los fundamentos teóricos, históricos, legales e institucionales que hacen parte de una formación integral del estudiante de técnico Profesional en Salud Ocupacional de la Corporación Instituto de Artes y Ciencias, así como la información recolectada a través de diferentes técnicas de la investigación cualitativa y una propuesta para implementar estrategias pedagógicas para el desarrollo de una ayuda educativa tecnológica para facilitar el proceso orientación-aprendizaje de la asignatura Seguridad Industrial en los estudiantes del Programa de técnico profesional en Salud Ocupacional de la Corporación Instituto de Artes y Ciencias. Basada en la necesidad real de proporcionar al estudiante y al facilitador recursos didácticos óptimos para su desempeño y desarrollo de la asignatura

Analysis of medicines and the relationship with pharmaceutical care: quantitative and microbiological determination of medicines containing dipyrone

Many studies had described the morbi-mortality related to medicines. As for the strategies to reduce the possible risks for medicine therapy is very important to readvise the pharmaceutical activity, once the pharmacist has potential for constitute an essential part for the solution of problems related to the utilization of medicines. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that the therapeutic subdosage and the microbiological contamination may be directly involved with the inappropriate manipulation of medicines stored in residences. Liquid dosage forms containing dipyrone market in Brazil and stored at homes in Araraquara (SP) were analyzed regarding quantitative and microbiological analysis. Only in 57% from 128 samples analyzed the drug quantity was in accordance. Moreover, 26.2% from 128 samples analyzed presented S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella sp. These results demonstrated clear reduction in their quality, as well as the presence of molds and/or bacteria in some medicines that still agreed with the expirations dates, showing the importance of the pharmacist in advising the correct use and store of medicines.Vários estudos relatam a ocorrência de morbi-mortalidade relacionada com medicamentos. Quanto às estratégias para reduzir possíveis riscos à terapia medicamentosa é de suma importância a necessidade de reorientação da atividade farmacêutica, uma vez que o profissional farmacêutico tem potencial para se constituir em uma parte essencial para a solução dos problemas relacionados à utilização de medicamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi demonstrar que o fator subdosagem terapêutica e a contaminação microbiana podem estar diretamente envolvidos com a manipulação inadequada dos medicamentos mantidos nas residências. Medicamentos líquidos contendo dipirona comercializados no Brasil e armazenados em residências em Araraquara (SP) foram avaliados no que se refere a análises quantitativa e microbiológica. Somente em 57% das 128 amostras analisadas a quantidade de fármaco estava de acordo. Além disso, 26,2% das 128 amostras analisadas apresentaram S. aureus, E. coli e Salmonella sp. Esses resultados demonstraram clara queda na qualidade dos mesmos, assim como a presença de fungos e/ou bactérias em alguns dos medicamentos, que ainda estavam dentro de seus prazos de validade, demonstrando a importância do profissional farmacêutico na orientação quanto ao uso e ao armazenamento correto do medicamento

Association between Coagulation Profile and Clinical Outcome in Children with SARS-CoV-2 Infection or MIS-C: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Limited data on the coagulation profile in children affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection are available. We aimed to evaluate the role of d-dimers as predictors of poor outcomes in a pediatric population affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We performed a retrospective cross-sectional multicenter study. Data from four different centers were collected. Laboratory tests, when performed, were collected at the time of diagnosis, and 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 and beyond 120 h from diagnosis; blood counts with formula, an international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), D-dimers and fibrinogen values were collected. Data regarding clinical history, management and outcome of the patients were also collected. Three hundred sixteen patients with a median age of 3.93 years (IQR 0.62–10.7) diagnosed with COVID-19 or MIS-C were enrolled. Fifty-eight patients (18.3%) showed a severe clinical outcome, 13 (4.1%) developed sequelae and 3 (0.9%) died. The univariate analysis showed that age, high D-dimer values, hyperfibrinogenemia, INR and aPTT elongation, and low platelet count were associated with an increased risk of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission (p < 0.01). Three multivariate logistic regressions showed that a d-dimer level increase was associated with a higher risk of PICU admission. This study shows that D-dimer values play an important role in predicting the more severe spectrum of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and was higher also in those that developed sequelae, including long COVID-19

Induction of apoptosis in A549 pulmonary cells by two Paracoccidioides brasiliensis samples

Paracoccidioidomycosis presents a variety of clinical manifestations and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis can reach many tissues, most importantly the lungs. The ability of the pathogen to interact with host surface structures is essential to its virulence. The interaction between P. brasiliensis and epithelial cells has been studied, with particular emphasis on the induction of apoptosis. To investigate the expression of different apoptosis-inducing pathways in human A549 cells, we infected these cells with P. brasiliensis Pb18SP (subcultured) and 18R (recently isolated from cell culture and showing a high adhesion pattern) samples in vitro. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bak and caspase 3 were analysed by flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL technique. Apoptosis of human A549 cells was induced by P. brasiliensis in a sample and time-dependent manner. Using an in vitro model, our data demonstrates that caspase 3, Bak, Bcl-2 and DNA fragmentation mediate P. brasiliensis-induced apoptosis in A549 cells. The overall mechanism is a complex process, which may involve several signal transduction pathways. These findings could partially explain the efficient behaviour of this fungus in promoting tissue infection and/or blood dissemination.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in patients presenting neurological manifestations

During the first wave of infections, neurological symptoms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients raised particular concern, suggesting that, in a subset of patients, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could invade and damage cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Indeed, up to date several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to reach the CNS. Both viral and/or host related features could explain why this occurs only in certain individuals and not in all the infected population. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if onset of neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients was related to specific viral genomic signatures. To this end, viral genome was extracted directly from nasopharyngeal swabs of selected SARS-CoV-2 positive patients presenting a spectrum of neurological symptoms related to COVID-19, ranging from anosmia/ageusia to more severe symptoms. By adopting a whole genome sequences approach, here we describe a panel of known as well as unknown mutations detected in the analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomes. While some of the found mutations were already associated with an improved viral fitness, no common signatures were detected when comparing viral sequences belonging to specific groups of patients. In conclusion, our data support the notion that COVID-19 neurological manifestations are mainly linked to patient-specific features more than to virus genomic peculiarities

Qualidade dos medicamentos contendo dipirona encontrados nas residências de Araraquara e sua relação com a atenção farmacêutica

Many studies had described the morbi-mortality related to medicines. As for the strategies to reduce the possible risks for medicine therapy is very important to readvise the pharmaceutical activity, once the pharmacist has potential for constitute an essential part for the solution of problems related to the utilization of medicines. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that the therapeutic subdosage and the microbiological contamination may be directly involved with the inappropriate manipulation of medicines stored in residences. Liquid dosage forms containing dipyrone market in Brazil and stored at homes in Araraquara (SP) were analyzed regarding quantitative and microbiological analysis. Only in 57% from 128 samples analyzed the drug quantity was in accordance. Moreover, 26.2% from 128 samples analyzed presented S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella sp. These results demonstrated clear reduction in their quality, as well as the presence of molds and/or bacteria in some medicines that still agreed with the expirations dates, showing the importance of the pharmacist in advising the correct use and store of medicines