Insulin resistance in sub clinical hypothyroidism

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It is an underlying phenomenon in pathogenesis of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Recent literature proves the development of insulin resistance in Overt hypothyroidism (OH), but there is controversy as to whether this association is also present in sub clinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Aims: Present study was designed to explore the presence IR in SCH.Settings & design: The study included 60 hypothyroidism patients and 30 age and sex matched euthyroid controls. Hypothyroidism patients were grouped as SCH (n=30) and OH (n=30).Methods: We examined total cholesterol levels, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin levels and Insulin resistance (calculated by using HOMA-IR software).Statistical analysis: All statistical data was analysed by ANOVA using the Graph Pad Prism software, Version 5.01.Results: HOMA-IR values showed highly significant association between controls and SCH. TSH levels were positively correlated with insulin and HOMA IR in patients with SCH. Conclusions: Therefore, it will be good practice to screen people &Type 2 DM patients for presence of SCH, so that early detection and prompt intervention can prevent or prolong the appearance of various fatal complications associated with IR & help in managing diabetes holistically.

Elevated hsCRP levels signal increased risk of future cardiovascular disease independent of lipid profile in H. pylori infection

Background:There are reports that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection leads to changes in serum lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, but role of H. pylori in causing increased risk of cardiovascular disease remains a topic of debate.Methods:A case control study was conducted, in subjects without pre-existing atherosclerotic disease. We studied 72 otherwise healthy subjects in the age group of 20 to 60 years. All subjects underwent gastroduodenoscopy and H. pylori infection status was assessed by rapid urease test.Results:There were no statistical differences in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels or total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratios between cases and controls. However, serum hsCRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein) levels were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls (P <0.05).Conclusion:The results of this study showed that H. pylori infection does not modify serum lipid levels; however, it leads to a rise in hsCRP, an important risk factor for atherosclerosis. It can be concluded that H. pylori infection may contribute to atherogenesis through the state of chronic inflammation, which is evidenced by elevated hsCRP levels.

Screening of gestational diabetes mellitus in antenatal women using DIPSI guidelines

Background: GDM is associated with serious maternal as well as fetal complications, which can be prevented by early detection & prompt treatment. There is need of universal screening of all Indian pregnant women for GDM using simple & economical screening criteria. This study uses single step OGTT as per DIPSI guidelines to find out prevalence of GDM in pregnant women attending antenatal OPD.Methods: All the antenatal patients at 24-28 weeks of gestation (n = 352), attending Antenatal OPD, irrespective of their prandial state were given 75 gm glucose and venous blood samples were collected after 2 hours of oral glucose. A report of ≥140 mg% were labeled as GDM as per DIPSI guidelines.Results: Out of 506 subjects screened, 33 (6.52 %) were positive for GDM.Conclusions: Low prevalence of GDM may be because of less sensitivity of DIPSI criteria

Performance evaluation of scheduling policies for the DRCMPSP

In this study, we consider the dynamic resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem (DRCMPSP) where projects generate rewards at their completion, completions later than a due date cause tardiness costs and new projects arrive randomly during the ongoing project execution which disturbs the existing project scheduling plan. We model this problem as a discrete Markov decision process and explore the computational limitations of solving the problem by dynamic programming. We run and compare four different solution approaches on small size problems. These solution approaches are: a dynamic programming algorithm to determine a policy that maximises the average profit per unit time net of charges for late project completion, a genetic algorithm which generates a schedule to maximise the total reward of ongoing projects and updates the schedule with each new project arrival, a rule-based algorithm which prioritise processing of tasks with the highest processing durations, and a worst decision algorithm to seek a non-idling policy to minimise the average profit per unit time. Average profits per unit time of generated policies of the solution algorithms are evaluated and compared. The performance of the genetic algorithm is the closest to the optimal policies of the dynamic programming algorithm, but its results are notably suboptimal, up to 67.2\%. Alternative scheduling algorithms are close to optimal with low project arrival probability but quickly deteriorate their performance as the probability increases

MPPT for grid connected Hybrid Wind Driven PMSG- Solar PV Power Generation System with Single Stage Converter

This paper offers with take a look at of hybrid distributed generator primarily based on photovoltaic and wind driven permanent magnet synchronous generator. in this distributed generator system, the assets are connected collectively to the grid with the assist of simplest one boost converter through an inverter. This paper centered on new topology, the hybrid dispensed generator having PV array immediately linked to dc hyperlink instead of being linked via a dc-dc converter. For monitoring maximum electricity and preserving the dc hyperlink in addition to grid side parameters the wind MPPT and GSC is implemented. The steady state performance of the system is studied and modeling and simulation of photovoltaic and wind driven permanent magnet synchronous generator, also balancing the parameters of grid side has been analyzed in MATLAB-SIMULINK