miRNAs in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Brief Review

miRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that can regulate many cellular processes. Different expression levels of several miRNAs have been detected in glioblastomas. Function of miRNAs and targets have been well studied in recent years. According to these studies, the role of miRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis have been defined. miRNAs have affected many processes in GBM such as apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and cell cycle regulation. In this review, we summarize the information of different miRNAs functions in glioblastoma

The Second Hankel Determinant Problem for a Class of Bi-Univalent Functions

Hankel matrices are related to a wide range of disparate determinant computations and algorithms and some very attractive computational properties are allocated to them. Also, the Hankel determinants are crucial factors in the research of singularities and power series with integral coefficients. It is specified that the Fekete-Szegö functional and the second Hankel determinant are equivalent to H1(2) and H2(2), respectively. In this study, the upper bounds were obtained for the second Hankel determinant of the subclass of bi-univalent functions, which is defined by subordination. It is worth noticing that the bounds rendered in the present paper generalize and modify some previous results.

The Involvement of Mir-210 in Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells Differentiation into Osteoblasts

Introduction: Bone surgery as a current bone treatment method is not always successful to fulfil bone repair in bone degenerative diseases orextensive injuries. Due to the limited capacity of bone remodeling, the demand for alternative approaches remains to be met. Thus, efforts in exvivo generation of bone forming cells, osteoblasts, and their further application in cell therapy as a promising approach are of vital prominencefrom a scientific perspective. Though several studies have focused on microRNA roles in osteoblast differentiation in various cell recourses, yetnone has reported miR-210 enhancing role in human mesynchymal stem cells (MSCs) so far.Materials and Methods: Hence, we wished toexamine the nature of the relationship between osteoblast differentiation and miR-210 in unique human mesynchymal stem cells, unrestrictedsomatic stem cells (USSCs). Osteoblast markers at gene level namely, Runx2, col I in addition to osteocalcin were assessed using qRT-PCR, andAlizarin Red S staining was also carried out to observe histochemical changes 7 days following miR-210 transduction.Results: The conclusion that follows from our findings represents a marked increase in osteoblast differentiation markers. Interestingly, for the first time, human USSCsdifferentiation into osteoblasts was performed in our research.Conclusion: our study may provide helpful insights into surmounting bonerelated issues by combination of both gene and cell therapy

Effect of PLGA-IB on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in a mice adhesion model

Background: In this study, we compared the effect of ibuprofen (IB) while incorporating by Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) nanofiber on expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in a mice adhesion model.Materials and Methods: Using an adhesion model were induced in mice, PLGA-IB and PLGA membranes and IB were sutured between the abdominal wall and peritoneum after surgical operation to reveal the best membrane for prevention of postoperative adhesion bands by comparison of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression.Results: Compared with other groups, PLGA-IB showed a greater ability to reduce ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression.Conclusion: These results suggested that in considering the FDA approved polymers, PLGA-IB could be introduced as a potential candidate for prevention of abdominal post-surgery inflammation and adhesion band formation after surgeries

Inhalation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell- Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles as a Possible Approach to Ameliorating Acute Lung Injury Caused by Cytokine Storm

Lung is one of the vital organs that get severely affected by cytokine storm and sepsis, leading to the development of acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Mesenchymal stem cell- derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC- derived sEVs) are one of the therapeutic approaches for ARDS/ ALI caused by sepsis. Apart from sEVs’ ability to carry medication, MSC- derived sEVs also possess anti- inflammatory, tissue repair, and regeneration properties. Targeted drug delivery has been a crucial area of concern in the medical field, specifically for treating lung diseases. To treat lung diseases locally, inhalation of drug products has been developed. Drug delivery by inhalation has emerged as an effective method for local administration of therapeutic agents, with numerous benefits including better efficacy at lower doses and decreased toxicity. Additionally, inhalation administration is a viable option for the systemic distribution of medications due to the lungs' considerable absorption surface and their ability to bypass initial metabolism. Therefore, our hypothesis proposes the inhalation of MSC- derived sEVs as a potential strategy for alleviating acute lung injury induced by sepsis-related cytokine storm. Following the isolation and characterization of these MSC- derived sEVs, they will be administered to an animal model of sepsis via a nebulizer, either in their pure form or loaded with drugs. Several approaches will be employed to evaluate lung functionality, including histological analysis and the measurement of inflammatory and regulatory cytokine levels to assess changes in both the humoral and cellular immune systems

On the logarithmic coefficients for some classes defined by subordination

The logarithmic coefficients of univalent functions play an important role in different estimates in the theory of univalent functions. In this paper, due to the significant importance of the study of these coefficients, we find the upper bounds for some expressions associated with the logarithmic coefficients of functions that belong to some classes defined by using the subordination. Moreover, we get the best upper bounds for the logarithmic coefficients of some subclasses of analytic functions defined and studied in many earlier papers

Overcoming Liability of Foreignness within the Vegan Food Industry

The world has become more global due to technological changes and industrialization. Thus, the food industry that used to be local has moved towards globalization as well. However, the industry is still strongly influenced by local preferences which makes the internationalization for companies within the food sector difficult. The increased awareness for environmental issues derived from the food industry has resulted in a higher demand for plant-based food products. Thus, several new firms offering vegan food substitutes have entered the international market. Though it has become a fast-growing subsector, very few studies have been done within this area. Hence, this study seeks to address how providers of vegan food substitutes overcome liability of foreignness in their internationalization. This is completed by a multiple case study including three Nordic providers of vegan food substitutes. Additionally, two expert interviews were conducted. The study is qualitative and uses a deductive approach. The result shows that these companies suffer mainly from liability of foreignness in terms of costs derived from geographical distances, lack of legitimacy and limited knowledge regarding regulatory frameworks. The companies mainly overcome these liabilities by own experiences that generate market knowledge, by recruiting external competence and by having local collaborations. This study contributes to the existing literature by enhancing the understanding of liabilities that providers of vegan food substitutes face when entering foreign markets