Contextual and interdependent causes of climate change adaptation barriers: Insights from water management institutions in Himachal Pradesh, India

Research on adaptation barriers is increasing as the need for climate change adaptation becomes evident. However, empirical studies regarding the emergence, causes and sustenance of adaptation barriers remain limited. This research identifies key contextual causes of adaptation barriers in water institutions in the mountainous Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh in northern India. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with representatives from twenty-six key governmental, non-governmental, academic and research institutions in the State with responsibilities spanning domestic water supply, irrigation and hydropower generation, environmental monitoring and research. It identified low knowledge capacity and resources, policy implementation gaps, normative attitudes, and unavailability and inaccessibility of data and information compounded with weak interinstitutional networks as key adaptation barriers. Although these barriers are similar to those reported elsewhere, they have important locally-contextual root causes. For instance, inadequate resources result from fragmented resources allocation due to competing developmental priorities and the desire of the political leadership to please diverse electors, rather than climate scepticism. The identified individual barriers are found to be highly inter-dependent and closely intertwined which enables the identification of leverage points for interventions to maximise barrier removal. For instance, breaking down key barriers hindering accessibility to data and information, which are shaped by systemic bureaucracies and cultural attitudes, will involve attitudinal change through sensitisation to the importance of accurate and accessible data and information and the building trust between different actors, in addition to institutional structural changes through legislation and inter-institutional agreements. Approaching barriers as a system of contextually interconnected cultural, systemic, geographical and political underlying factors enriches the understanding of adaptation enablers, thereby contributing to achieving a better adapted society

Hotel Spa Internasional di Bali dengan Pendekatan Arsitektur Regionalisme

Designing International Hotel & Spa in Bali is motivated by the growing number of domestic and foreign tourists visit in the field of tourism and business, the increasing number of distribution of tourist attraction in Bali, and the efforts to preserve Balinese spa as the cultural activity. There are modern and traditional elements of human needs at the background, so the purpose of this scheme is to offer traditional spa function on an international standard hotel in order to support tourism in Bali with a building design that shows smelting architecture of the present and the past through regionalism architecture. The issue is: how to design a commercial building that is multifunctional hotel and spa in Bali that have international standards using the approach of regionalism architecture as a design methodology. The result is the application of architectural regionalism Bali concretely in the form of buildings, building appearance and layout of the hotel building and spa

UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN CARD SORT DAN MACROMEDIA FLASH PADA MATERI GERAK PADA TUMBUHAN SISWA KELAS VIII D SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 SURAKARTA TAHUN AJARAN 2010/2011

Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan adalah dengan cara memperbaiki proses pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran pada dasarnnya adalah interaksi atau hubungan timbal balik antara guru dan siswa dalam situasi pendidikan. Pada hasil observasi awal kelas VIII D SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2010/2011 diketahui bahwa selama proses pembelajaran ditemukan kelemahan-kelemahan selama proses pembelajaran, maka dari itu perlu adanya suatu tindakan untuk mengatasi kelemahan-kelemahan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran dengan menggunaan strategi pembelajaran Card Sort dan Macromedia flash dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi gerak pada tumbuhan di kelas VIII D SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2010/2011. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri atas perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, refleksi dan evaluasi dengan strategi pembelajaran Card Sort dan Macromedia flash yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan penilaian kognitif dan afektif dalam setiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kognitif siswa pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 64,25 dengan simpangan baku (standar deviasi) 8,06 dari nilai awal sebesar 56,70 dengan simpangan baku (standar deviasi) 9,58; sedangkan nilai rata-rata afektif sebesar 15,47 (termasuk kategori cukup/sedang). Nilai rata- rata kognitif pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 70,85 dengan simpangan baku (standar deviasi) 6,21 dari siklus I yang hanya 64,25 dengan simpangan baku (standar deviasi) 8,06; sedangkan nilai rata-rata afektif meningkat menjadi 20,03 (termasuk kategori baik). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya peningkatan hasil belajar biologi menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Card Sort dan Macromedia flash pada materi gerak pada tumbuhan siswa kelas VIII D SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Surakarta tahun ajaran 2010/2011 pada penilaian aspek afektif dan aspek kogniti

HUBUNGAN ASUPAN MAKANAN (KARBOHIDRAT, PROTEIN DAN LEMAK) DENGAN STATUS GIZI BAYI DAN BALITA (STUDI PADA TAMAN PENITIPAN ANAK LUSENDRA KOTA SEMARANG TAHUN 2016)

Taman Penitipan Anak Lusendra merupakan salah satu Taman Penitipan Anak di Kota Semarang. Jam inap Taman Penitipan Anak lusendra dimulai dari jam 07.00 hingga 17.00. Berbeda dengan Taman Penitipan Anak lainnya, Taman Penitipan Anak Lusendra memberikan makanan kepada bayi dan balita sebanyak 2x selama bayi dan balita dititipkan.Asupan karbohidrat, protein dan lemak diteliti karena energi membutuhkan karbohidrat, protein dan lemak dalam jumlah besar. Energi akan timbul akibat pembakaran karbohidrat, protein dan lemak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan asupan karbohidrat, protein dan lemakdengan status gizi bayi dan balita di TPA Lusendra Semarang.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional melalui pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling bayi dan balita di TPA Lusendra, yaitu 3 bayi dan 14 balita. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson dan Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan TPA menyumbang asupan karbohidrat sebesar 63% dalam kecukupan sehari, asupan protein menyumbang 60% dalam kecukupan sehari dan asupan lemak menyumbang 53% dalam kecukupan sehari. Ada hubungan asupan karbohidrat di TPA dengan status gizi bayi dan balita (BB/TB) dengan nilai p=0,014. Tidak ada hubungan asupan karbohidrat di TPA dengan status gizi bayi dan balita (BB/U, TB/U).Tidak ada hubungan asupan protein dan lemak di TPA dengan status gizi bayi dan balita (BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB). Tidak ada hubungan asupan karbohidrat total, protein total dan lemak total dengan status gizi bayi dan balita (BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB). Disarankan untuk mengadakan pengukuran status gizi berkala setiap 1 bulan atau 2 bulan sekali. Kata Kunci: Asupan Karbohidratdi TPA, Asupan Protein di TPA, Asupan Lemak di TPA, Status Giz

Students’ Reading Ability in Applying Literacy Strategies

AbstrakTerdapat beberapa kendala yang terjadi dalam proses belajar dan mengajar mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di sekolah, salah satunya adalah kemampuan membaca siswa yang kurang. Hal tersebut selain berpengaruh terhadap kelancaran proses belajar dan mengajar di kelas juga berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian siswa dalam mata pelajaran tersebut. Oleh karena itu, peneliti memperkenalkan strategi baru yang sedang populer baru – baru ini, yaitu Strategi Literasi. Strategi Literasi adalah strategi yang bertujuan untuk membantu siswa menginterpretasikan teks dengan mudah yang melibatkan kemampuan membaca, berpikir kritis, menulis, serta kemampuan lain dalam bahasa yaitu mendengarkan dan berbicara sehingga siswa dapat menyelesaikan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari – hari. Ada tujuh strategi yang diterapkan yaitu Read-Alouds, Know-Want to know-have Learned (K-W-L Charts), Graphic Organizers, Vocabulary Instruction, Reciprocal Teaching, Structured Notetaking, dan Writing to Learn. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mendeskripsikan proses penerapan Strategi Literasi terhadap siswa kelas sepuluh, dan juga mendeskripsikan hasil pekerjaan siswa kelas sepuluh terhadap pemahaman membaca setelah diterapkannya Strategi Literasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan instrumen field note atau catatan lapangan dan hasil pekerjaan siswa. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Strategi Literasi ini di implementasikan dengan baik dan guru dapat menggali ketertarikan, antusias, dan keaktifan siswa pada saat proses belajar dan mengajar. Sehingga siswa memiliki perhatian yang lebih pada teks dan keinginan untuk membaca teks yang telah diberikan. Penerapan Strategi Literasi juga memberikan dampak positif pada kemampuan membaca siswa seperti yang di ungkapkan oleh guru mata pelajaran tersebut bahwa semua siswa dapat menjawab paling tidak 6 pertanyaan dengan benar atau dengan kata lain, siswa dapat melewati batas minimum skor dalam mata pelajaran tersebut yaitu 60. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan analisis dari peneliti, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa semua siswa mampu menjawab sebagian besar pertanyaan dengan benar dengan satu atau lebih kesalahan grammatika yang tidak merubah arti dan tidak menimbulkan kesulitan untuk dipahami. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bawa semua siswa memliki kemampuan membaca yang baik bahkan sangat baik karena jika mereka mampu menjawab pertanyaan, maka mereka memiliki pemahaman pada teks. Kata Kunci: kemampuan membaca, strategi literasi, teks recountAbstractThere are several obstacles that occur in teaching and learning process of English subjects in schools, one of them is students’ poor reading ability. This condition affects in both teaching and learning and teaching process in the classroom and the students’ achievement in these subjects. Therefore, the researcher introduced new strategy that is popular recently, named Literacy Strategies. Literacy Strategies is a strategy that aims to help students interpret texts easily by involving aspects of reading skill, critical thinking, writing, and another language skill namely listening and speaking so they are able to solve problems in daily life. There are seven strategies applied, namely: Read-Alouds, Know-Want to know-have-Learned (K-W-L Charts), Graphic Organizers, Vocabulary Instruction, Reciprocal Teaching, Structured Notetaking, and Writing to Learn. In this study, the researcher described the implementation of Literacy Strategies to the tenth grade students, and the students’ reading ability after applying Literacy Strategies. This study used qualitative method with field note and students’ task as the instruments. The results of this study showed that Literacy Strategies was well implemented and the teacher could gain students’ interest, enthusiast, and activeness in teaching and learning process. So, the students had more attention to the text and desire to read the text that was given by the teacher. The application of the Literacy Strategies itself gave positive effects to the students’ reading ability as stated by the teacher that all of the students could answer at least 6 questions correctly or in another word, they could pass the minimum score of this subject that was 60. Furthermore, based on the researcher analyses, the result was that all of the students could answer most of the questions correctly with one or more minor grammatical errors which did not change the meaning and did not cause the difficulty in understanding. So, it could be summed up that all of the students had good or event excellent reading ability because if they could answer the questions, it meant that they understand the text.Keywords: reading ability, literacy strategies, recount tex

Adapting water management in India to climate change: institutions, networks and barriers.

Climate change is experienced most through the medium of water. The ability of water institutions and the factors that enable or hinder them to purposefully adapt to the new and additional challenges brought by climate change require better understanding. Factors that influence their perception of climate change impacts and initiatives being taken for adaptation are shaped by various enabling factors and barriers through the interaction with both governmental and non-governmental institutions across administrative scales. Better understanding of these adaptation enablers and barriers is essential for devising adaptation strategies. This research aims to identify and expound the characteristics that enable or hinder institutions to adapt for water management, and hence, it evaluates the involvement of key governmental and non-governmental institutions in India and the inter-institutional networks between them. It surveyed webpages and online documents of sixty Union Government institutions and interviewed representatives from twenty-six governmental, non-governmental, research and academic institutions operating at the national level and another twenty-six institutions operating within the State of Himachal Pradesh in India to assess the characteristics that enable or hinder adaptation. While the online projection of institutional involvement and interaction among key Union Government institutions on climate change and water indicate a more centralized network pointing to Planning Commission and Ministry of Environment and Forest, the interview responses indicated a more distributed network with both Ministries of Water Resources and Environment and Forest recognized as key institutions thereby indicating a potential variation in perception of who is in-charge. Moreover, online documents show institutions that are involved in water have less mention of climate change compared to Union Government ministries involved in less climate-sensitive sectors indicating that impacts of climate change on water are potentially ignored. While it is evident that research and consulting institutions engaging with both national and state level institutions play a key role in enabling adaptation, various barriers pertaining to data and information accessibility, inadequacy of resources and implementation gaps exist particularly due to inter-institutional network fragmentations. Although barriers identified in this study bear resemblance to barriers identified by other researchers in other contexts, this research shows similar barriers can emerge from different underlying causes and are highly interconnected; thereby indicating the need for addressing adaptation barriers collectively as a wider governance issue. Since many of the adaptation barriers emerge from wider governance challenges and are related to larger developmental issues, the findings have important policy implications. Among the various issues that the government needs to address is improving the inter-institutional networks between water institutions so that information dissemination, sharing of learning experiences and data accessibility is improved and prescriptive legislations are seen to be inadequate in this regard. Restructuring the way officials in government water institutions are recruited and deployed is suggested as a potential solution for improving the inter-institutional networks. The research elucidates that inter-institutional networks and transboundary institutions are two pillars that supports adaptation and also bridges the gap between adaptive capacity and adaptation manifestation that enable water institutions to cross the chasm of adaptation barriers. Thus the thesis presents an important analysis of key characteristics that enable or hinder water management institutions to adapt to climate change which have been so far under acknowledged by other studies through the analysis of the state of climate change adaptation in India. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for developing countries, particularly, facing similar challenges of adapting water management for climate change

ANALYSIS OF THE FACTOR DRIVING THE PURCHASE DECISION OF MALE SKIN CARE PRODUCT (STUDY ON FACIAL WASH GARNIER MEN)

Face and body care have been done by many men to appear confident and become a demand for the work they are doing. The growth of the male beauty industry from year to year has increased and it is estimated that 75% of men do not use facial and skin care products, but interest in facial care continues to increase. So, that there are several driving factors, why men decided to use facial care products for men. This study aims to find out the most dominant factors driving the purchase on Garnier Men facial wash products. The variables used in this study are, analysis of the factors driving the purchase of men\u27s skin care products in Garnier Men facial wash (X) belief in product attributes, aging effect, health concern, self-image, sense of belonging, self-fulfillment, male image, masculinity. The research method used is the quantitative method, this type of research is causal with a sample of 100 respondents and the population is not known with certainty, sampling is done by non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling grouping, descriptive analysis method, and factor analysis. The analysis shows an analysis of the factors driving the purchase of male skin care products (study on Garnier Men facial wash) (X) obtained by two components, namely health concern with a value of 0.808 and a component of the second factor which is aging effect with a value of 0.906. So, that the biggest driving factor for purchasing men\u27s skin care products in Garnier Men facial wash is the health concern. Keyword : Aging effect, factor analysis, Garnier Men, health concern, skin car

Analisa Semiotik Iklan Produk Makanan Indomie Lima Puluh Tahun

Periklanan adalah penggunaan media untuk memberitahukan kepada konsumen tentang sesuatu dan mengajak mereka melakukan sesuatu. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna semiotika Pierce pada iklan produk makanan Indomie lima puluh  tahun berdasarkan media elektronik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi dan  pengamatan secara bertahap: 1. Mengumpulkan data penelitian pada benda-benda tertulis dari internet, dokumen iklan produk Indomie bertema “Lima Puluh Tahun”,  2. Menelusuri pustaka-pustaka yang mendukung dokumen sesuai link, dan  3. Menyusun lembar observasi penelitian. Analisis data digunakan menggukanan semiotika Carles Pierce (ikon, indeks, dan simbol) dari iklan bertema “Lima Puluh Tahun.  Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa konsep pada iklan produk makanan Indomie lima puluh  tahun ini mengusung tentang kekayaan dan keindahan alam Indonesia dari Sabang sampai Merauke. Konsep iklan ini juga mengusung tentang keragaman budaya di Indonesia. Simpulan bahwa seluruh teori semiotika (ikon, indeks dan simbol)  ada pada video iklan indomie lima puluh tahun yang disiarkan pada media elektronik.Periklanan adalah penggunaan media untuk memberitahukan kepada konsumen tentang sesuatu dan Advertising is the use of media to tell consumers about something and encourage them to do something. The research aims to explain the meaning of Pierce's semiotics in fifty years of Indomie food product advertisements based on electronic media. The research method used in this research is a gradual observation and observation method: 1. Collecting research data on written objects from the internet, and advertising documents for Indomie products with the theme "Fifty Years", 2. Searching for libraries that support the documents according to the link, and 3. Prepare a research observation sheet. Data analysis was used using Carles Pierce's semiotics (icons, indexes, and symbols) from the advertisement with the theme "Fifty Years. The research results showed that the concept in the advertisement for Indomie food products for the past fifty years conveys the richness and natural beauty of Indonesia from Sabang to Merauke. The concept of this advertisement also emphasizes cultural diversity in Indonesia. The conclusion is that all semiotic theory (icons, indexes, and symbols) is present in the Indomie advertising videos from fifty years which were broadcast on electronic media