Capacitación técnica en equinos para grupos excluidos de la oferta educativa habitual

La educación es un derecho universal, en nuestro país garantizado por el Estado. No obstante, vastos sectores de la población carecen de accesibilidad a la misma. A esto se suma la escasez de instancias genuinas de formación laboral para el adulto. En este marco se encuadra el sector hípico: donde se requiere una preparación para dar cuidados especiales a los equinos deportivos. Nuestra ciudad cuenta con un hipódromo, varios clubes hípicos, centros de equino-terapia; numerosas agrupaciones de diferentes actividades ecuestres. Las personas encargadas de atender a los equinos (peones), que allí desarrollan su actividad, no poseen una capacitación formal de ningún tipo. A partir de nuestro lugar de educadores de la Universidad , del curso de Producción Equina, desarrollamos una capacitación para un peón que pueda atender a un caballo de tipo deportivo que necesita estar estabulado; y entrenado a diario. Para lo cual desarrollamos un curso de peón y otro de peón vareador. Esta última modalidad especialmente para los caballos de carrera que necesitan un entrenamiento diario montado, junto con profesionales de equitación. Contando con un equipo de realización audiovisual, además, generamos material educativo de apoyo y difusión para nuestras tareas de educación de grado y de post grado.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Rapid effects of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol fixed combination inhaler on airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction in asthma: a randomised controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects of a recent fixed combination of extrafine beclomethasone dipropionate/formoterol (BDP/F) were investigated using non-invasive markers of inflammation, exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) provocative challenge. The aim was to assess the onset of the anti-inflammatory action of low and high doses and evaluate the suitability of non-invasive assessments to demonstrate dose response.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Steroid naïve adult out-patients with mild asthma, sensitive to AMP with baseline exhaled NO > 25 parts per billion entered a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-way, cross-over study. Patients were randomised to low dose (1 actuation) or high dose (4 actuations) extrafine BDP/F 100/6 μg, or placebo administered twice daily on Days 1 and 2 and once in the morning on Day 3 of each period. Exhaled NO was measured pre-dose on Day 1, then 2 and 4 hours post-administration on Day 3. The AMP challenge was performed 4 hours post-administration on Day 3 and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁, L) was measured from 0 to 4 hours post-dose on Day 1. Endpoints were NO at 2 and 4 hours, AMP challenge at 4 hours after the fifth dose on Day 3 and FEV₁area under the curve from 0 to 4 h post-dose on Day 1. Analysis of covariance was performed for NO and FEV₁and analysis of variance for AMP challenge.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Eighteen patients were randomised and completed the study. Exhaled NO was significantly lower for both doses of extrafine BDP/F versus placebo at 2 and 4 hours (high dose LS mean difference: -22.5 ppb, p < 0.0001 and -20.5 ppb, p < 0.0001; low dose: -14.1 ppb, p = 0.0006 and -12.1 ppb, p = 0.0043) with a significant dose response (p = 0.0342 and p = 0.0423). Likewise, AMP challenge revealed statistically significant differences between both doses of extrafine BDP/F and placebo (high dose LS mean difference: 4.8 mg/mL, p < 0.0001; low dose: 3.7 mg/mL, p < 0.0001), and a significant dose response (p = 0.0185). FEV₁was significantly improved versus placebo for both doses (high dose LS mean difference: 0.2 L, p = 0.0001; low dose: 0.2 L p = 0.0001), but without a significant dose response.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The fixed combination inhaler of extrafine BDP/F has early dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects with a rapid onset of bronchodilatation in mild asthmatic patients.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov: <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01343745">NCT01343745</a></p

A synbiotic intervention modulates meta-omics signatures of gut redox potential and acidity in elective caesarean born infants.

Background The compromised gut microbiome that results from C-section birth has been hypothesized as a risk factor for the development of non-communicable diseases (NCD). In a double-blind randomized controlled study, 153 infants born by elective C-section received an infant formula supplemented with either synbiotic, prebiotics, or unsupplemented from birth until 4 months old. Vaginally born infants were included as a reference group. Stool samples were collected from day 3 till week 22. Multi-omics were deployed to investigate the impact of mode of delivery and nutrition on the development of the infant gut microbiome, and uncover putative biological mechanisms underlying the role of a compromised microbiome as a risk factor for NCD. Results As early as day 3, infants born vaginally presented a hypoxic and acidic gut environment characterized by an enrichment of strict anaerobes (Bifidobacteriaceae). Infants born by C-section presented the hallmark of a compromised microbiome driven by an enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae. This was associated with meta-omics signatures characteristic of a microbiome adapted to a more oxygen-rich gut environment, enriched with genes associated with reactive oxygen species metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and depleted in genes involved in the metabolism of milk carbohydrates. The synbiotic formula modulated expression of microbial genes involved in (oligo)saccharide metabolism, which emulates the eco-physiological gut environment observed in vaginally born infants. The resulting hypoxic and acidic milieu prevented the establishment of a compromised microbiome. Conclusions This study deciphers the putative functional hallmarks of a compromised microbiome acquired during C-section birth, and the impact of nutrition that may counteract disturbed microbiome development. Trial registration The study was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (Number: 2838 ) on 4th April 2011

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure &lt;= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Effect of AeroChamber Plus™ on the lung and systemic bioavailability of beclometasone dipropionate/formoterol pMDI

AIM: To assess the effect of AeroChamber Plus™ on lung deposition and systemic exposure to extra-fine beclometasone dipropionate (BDP)/formoterol (100/6 µg) pMDI (Foster®). The lung deposition of the components of the combination given with the pMDI was also evaluated using the charcoal block technique. METHODS: Twelve healthy male volunteers received four inhalations of extra-fine BDP/formoterol (100/6 µg) using (i) pMDI alone, (ii) pMDI and AeroChamber Plus™ and (iii) pMDI and charcoal ingestion. RESULTS: Compared with pMDI alone, use of AeroChamber Plus™ increased the peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) of BDP (2822.3 ± 1449.9 vs. 5454.9 ± 3197.1 pg ml(−1)), its active metabolite beclometasone 17-monopropionate (17-BMP) (771.6 ± 288.7 vs. 1138.9 ± 495.6 pg ml(−1)) and formoterol (38.4 ± 17.8 vs. 54.7 ± 20.0 pg ml(−1)). For 17-BMP and formoterol, the AUC(0,30 min), indicative of lung deposition, was increased in the AeroChamber Plus™ group by 41% and 45%, respectively. This increase was mainly observed in subjects with inadequate inhalation technique. However, use of AeroChamber Plus™ did not increase the total systemic exposure to 17-BMP and formoterol. Results after ingestion of charcoal confirmed that AUC(0,30 min) can be taken as an index of lung bioavailability and that more than 30% of the inhaled dose of extra-fine BDP/formoterol 100/6 µg was delivered to the lung using the pMDI alone. CONCLUSIONS: The use of AeroChamber Plus™ optimizes the delivery of BDP and formoterol to the lung in subjects with inadequate inhalation technique. The total systemic exposure was not increased, supporting the safety of extra-fine BDP/formoterol pMDI with AeroChamber Plus™

Leggere Fichte. Volume III

Leggere Fichte è uno dei frutti del lavoro di comune e libera discussione intorno ad alcuni importanti aspetti del pensiero di J. G. Fichte (Rammenau, 1762 – Berlino, 1814), che da alcuni anni – sulla base della solida tradizione italiana negli studi sulla filosofia classica tedesca – è svolto dai partecipanti ai seminari bolognesi della Rete italiana per la ricerca su Fichte: un’organizzazione informale di studiosi del pensiero fichtiano (in particolare) e della filosofia classica tedesca (in generale), che, promossa tra gli altri da Claudio Cesa, Carla de Pascale, Marco Ivaldo, Giuseppe Duso, riunisce periodicamente studiosi affermati, giovani ricercatori, dottorandi e laureandi nella discussione critica di temi significativi della filosofia fichtiana.In questo terzo volume, presenta invece contributi intorno alle complesse relazioni storico-teoriche che, nell’ambito di questioni di filosofia tanto teoretica quanto pratica, intercorrono tra Fichte e i suoi contemporanei: Kant (Ivaldo); Jacobi e Kant (Acerbi); Schlegel e Schleiermacher (Picardi); Hegel (Tafani; Furlani)

Stem cell function, self-reneval, heterogeneity, and regenerative potential in skeletal muscle stem cells

Abstract: The main living element of the human body is the skeletal muscle. It is composed of myofibres and satellite cells, the adult stem cells responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration. Increasing confirmation suggests that satellite cells represent a heterogeneous population of cells with regenerative capacity and plasticity. Recent publications indicate numerous new findings in satellite and stem cells, from their developmental life and role as the main self-renewing myogenic stem cell in the adult skeletal muscle to their loss during aging. The present review is focused on skeletal muscle stem cells, including their identification, self-renewal ability, heterogeneity, and multilineage differentiation capacity. Finally, we summarize the latest developments, clinical applications and patents in regenerative medicine utilizing skeletal muscle stem cells