Investigation of 3D Polynomial Model for the Geometric Correction of GeoEye Imagery

GeoEye satellite has provided the world with high spatial resolution 0.50 meter panchromatic images. Not only the high spatial resolution, but also the high spectral, radiometric and temporal resolutions of GeoEye imagery make it ideally suited for mapping applications. Currently, the empirical sensor models are traditionally employed, instead of the physical models, to establish the mathematical relationships between the image space and the ground space. In this study, the geometric accuracy of pan GeoEye images was determined using three dimensional (3D) polynomial model. The obtained planimetric accuracy was compared to that obtained using the rational function model (RFM). The implementation of the 3D polynomial model (PM) experiments was performed using only the new standalone software EMAN, since the 3D PMs are not available in other software packages such as ERDAS imagine or PCI from Geomatica. However, both EMAN and PCI software were used to carry out the experiments for the RFMs. A GeoEye panchromatic image covering the city of Tanta, El Gharbiya, Egypt was used in this study. The results revealed that the 3D polynomial models have the capability for geometrically correcting GeoEye images since it provides competitive geometric accuracies, compared to those obtained using 3D RFMs

Effect of Superpave Short-Term Aging on Binder and Asphalt Mixture Rheology

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Superpave short term aging period length and type of additive used in modifying the asphalt binder on the creep behavior of asphalt binder and asphalt mix. Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) specimens were prepared at optimum asphalt content using unmodified asphalt, or asphalt with 4% by weight of SBS or PE. The Universal Testing Machine was used to conduct dynamic creep tests. Tests results indicated that the effect of extending the aging period on creep deformation is highly dependent on type of additive used in preparing the asphalt mix. Extending the aging period more than three hours caused insignificant effect of creep behavior of control asphalt mixes. On the other hand, extending the aging period more than one hour caused insignificant effect of creep behavior of asphalt mixes prepared using SBS additive. While for mixes prepared using PE, the creep deformation continues to decrease as aging period increase

MISA (Minimally Invasive Surfactant Administration) Versus Insure (Intubation, Surfactant, Extubation) In Preterms Less Than 34 Weeks With RDS

Background: Newborn Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) or what is known as surfactant deficiency disorder is a syndrome that affects premature infants who are born prematurely and is caused by a developmental deficiency in the production of pulmonary surfactant or as it is called immature formation of the lungs, or as a result of a defect in the protein gene that forms pulmonary surfactant. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is the first technique for respiratory therapy while MISA and InSurE are both the most commonly used in RDS. Objective: To compare the use of the MISA method and the InSurE method in the treatment of premature infants less than 34 weeks of gestational age with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Patients and methods: The sample size was 70 infants with gestational age less than 34 weeks with RDS. 35 newborn were enrolled in each group. First group received surfactant via MIST technique and the other 35 newborn received it via InSurE technique. Infants in the InSurE group required intubation, according to previous collected data from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) center. Results: After the injection of surfactant, the 13 (37%) infants needed another dose in the MIST group, while only 3 (8.57%) infants in the InSurE group needed a second dose of the same substance. Accordingly, the response of the MIST group was shown to be a less improvement than the InSurE group in the child's breathing methods. Conclusion: The MIST method was the most successful with a rate of 96.5% in terms of time and the child's response to treatment, and the researcher recommended that the reasons for the effectiveness of MISA in treating RDS should be studied. However duration of invasive mechanical ventilation were higher in MIST group than InSurE group

Prevalence of Legionella among pneumonia patients and environmental water samples in an Egyptian University Hospital

AbstractObjectives: to diagnose Legionella infection in community- acquired pneumonia (CAP) cases admitted to chest department of Zagazig University Hospital and in hospital- acquired pneumonia (HAP) patients hospitalized in the emergency and surgery ICU, to determine incidence of these disease condition and to identify risk factors. Another objective was to determine the occurrence of Legionella genus in the water of these departments.Subjects and methods: one hundred pneumonic patients; 50 patients with CAP and 50 with HAP were the subject of this laboratory-based, comparative cross sectional study. Full clinical history and lower respiratory tract specimens were collected from each patient. Water samples were taken from 25 water outlets. DNA was extracted by QIAamp DNA Mini Kit, and real time PCR amplification of 16s r-RNA gene was used for diagnosis of Legionella genus. Risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results: Legionella genus was identified in eight out of 50 patients of CAP (16%), and ten out of 50 patients with HAP (20%). As regards CAP, Legionella was prevalent in old- age, smoker males, with diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and neurological manifestations were the main presentations. Seventy-five percent needed ICU admission. Concerning HAP, hospitalization for more than ten days and having a stroke or head trauma were significant risk factors. Ten out of the 25 water samples tested were positive for Legionella genus; seven samples were from the chest department and three were from emergency ICU. No water-contamination with Legionella was found in the surgery ICU.Discussion: diagnosis of Legionella should be considered for both CAP and HAP in our locality. Periodic surveillance for detection of that genus with subsequent disinfection of water sources when indicated should be carried out

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the frontal region in patients with metabolic syndrome : correlation with anthropometric measurement

Purpose: to demonstrate 1H-MR spectroscopy of the frontal region in patients with metabolic syndrome and to correlate the metabolic ratios with anthropometric measurement. Material and methods: A prospective study was conducted upon 20 patients with metabolic syndrome (10 male, 10 female; mean age 52 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched volunteers. Patients were mild-moderate (n = 14) and marked and morbid obesity (n = 6). Patients and volunteers underwent 1H-MR spectroscopy of the frontal region. The Ch/Cr and NAA/Cr ratio were calculated and correlated with anthropometric measurement. Results: The Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr of patients with Mets (1.03 ± 0.08 and 1.62 ± 0.08) were significantly different (p = 0.001) to those of volunteers (0.78 ± 0 and 1.71 ± 0.61, respectively). The Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr cutoffs used to differentiate patients from volunteers were 0.89 and 1.77 with areas under the curve of 0.992 and 0.867 and accuracy of 97% and 93%, respectively. There was a significant difference in Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr between patients with marked-morbid obesity and moderate-mild obesity (p = 0.001 respectively). Conclusions: We concluded that NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios of the frontal region can differentiate patients with metabolic syndrome from volunteers and are well correlated with the anthropometric measurement

Synthesis and Reactivity of 6-Iodo-4H-3,1-Benzoxazin-4-one Towards Nitrogen Nucleophiles and Their Antimicrobial Activities

In attempt to find new pharmacological active molecules, we synthesized 6-iodo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one and allowed it to react with some nitrogen nucleophiles namely; hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydrazine hydrate, fomamide, aliphatic amine, aromatic amines, aralkyl amine, different amino acids, heteryl amines, ethanolamine and sodium azide to afford annelated quinazolinone derivatives and other related systems. The synthesized compounds were characterized with the help of spectroscopic techniques including IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectra. Also their antimicrobial activities were screened against different strains of bacteria and fungi. Keywords: 6-Iodo-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one; quinazolinone derivatives;  nitrogen nucleophiles; antimicrobial activity

Evaluation of Two Bone Anchored Appliances During En Masse Distalization of Maxillary Buccal Segment with Class II Patients; A Comparative Clinical Study

Objective: to assess quality of orthodontic tooth movement during distalization by two different skeletally anchored distalizing appliances. Patients and methods: the current study was applied on 22 orthodontic patients with class ΙΙ molar relationship. Patients were divided into two active groups; group Ι: include 11 patients treated by modified sagittal screw distalizer and group ΙΙ: include 11 patients treated by modified distal jet distalizer. Quality of distalization was assessed by the following measurements; first and second premolars root horizontal distance (mm), first and second molars root horizontal distance(mm), SNA, SNB, U1 to FH. Results: The highest change (%) in first molar root horizontal distance (mm) was recorded in group II with a decrease by -11.5 % in the left side and -11.4 % in the right side. Conclusion: Bone anchored Distal Jet and modified Sagittal screw distalizer provide an effective tool for treating mild to moderate class II malocclusion. But the modified distal jet produces high quality of distalization than the modified Sagittal screw distalizer

TIA model is attainable in Wistar rats by intraluminal occlusion of the MCA for 10 min or shorter

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) has received only little attention in the experimental research field. Recently, we introduced a TIA model for mice, and here we set similar principles for simulating this human condition in Wistar rats. In the model: 1) transient nature of the event is ensured, and 2) 24 h after the event animals are free from any sensorimotor deficit and from any detectable lesion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Animals experienced varying durations of ischemia (5, 10, 12.5, 15, 25, and 30 min, n = 6-8 per group) by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Ischemia severity and reperfusion rates were controlled by cerebral blood flow measurements. Sensorimotor neurological evaluations and MRI at 24 h differentiated between TIA and ischemic stroke. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and apoptotic cell counts revealed pathological correlates of the event. We found that already 12.5 min of ischemia was long enough to induce ischemic stroke in Wistar rats. Ten min or shorter durations induced neither gross neurological deficits nor infarcts visible on MRI, but histologically caused selective neuronal necrosis. A separate group of animals with 10 min of ischemia followed up to 1 week after reperfusion remained free of infarction and any MRI signal change. Thus, 10 min or shorter focal cerebral ischemia induced by intraluminal MCAO in Wistar rats provides a clinically relevant TIA the rat. This model is useful for studying molecular correlates of TIA. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe