Opetussuunnitelman laatiminen musiikin perusopetukseen kansainväliselle musiikkikoululle : Perusteita ja prosessin kuvausta

Tämä opinnäytetyö käsittelee opetussuunnitelmaprosessia, jonka toteutin toimeksiantona International School of Music Ry:lle. Prosessin tuloksena syntynyt opetussuunnitelma on opinnäytetyön liitteenä. Työn taustaosassa kuvailen lyhyesti opetusfilosofiaa, johon kyseessä oleva opetussuunnitelma perustui. Kuvailen myös ABRSM-tasokoejärjestelmän, joka on pohjana musiikkikoulun tasokokeille. Opetussuunnitelman laatiminen oli monivaiheinen polku ja edellytti laajaa yhteistyötä. Siinä oli mukana kyseisen oppilaitoksen opettajia ja oppilaita, oppilaiden vanhempia sekä Helsingin kaupungin kulttuuri- ja opetustoimen edustajia. Prosessissa oli aluksi otettava selvää mitä laki ja asetukset edellyttävät tällaiselta opetussuunnitelmalta. Sen jälkeen oli luotava ja kirjattava oppilaitoksen missio, visio ja tavoitteet toiminnalle, käytävä arvokeskustelua ja päätettävä minkälaiseen oppimiskäsitykseen opetussuunnitelma pohjautuisi. Oli myös mietittävä sitä miten Simultaneous Learning -opettamisen malli, sekä ABRSM-tasokoejärjestelmä soveltuu toteutettavaksi opetuksessa, jolla haetaan taiteen perusopetuslupaa. Opetussuunnitelman laatimisen prosessi oli siis samalla kertaa tietynlainen ISM:n kehitystyökalu, koska ISM tuoreena musiikkikouluna vasta hakee toimintamuotojaan. Uskon, että tästä opinnäytetyöstä voisi olla apua myös muille, jotka joutuvat työssään pukemaan kirjalliseen asuun opetussuunnitelmiaan. Asiasanat: opetussuunnitelma, opetuksen arvot, konstruktivistinen oppimiskäsitys, ABRSM-exams, Simultaneous LearningThis thesis considers the school curriculum process, which I implemented as commissioned by the International School of Music. The curriculum created from this process is included as an appendix with the thesis. In the background of the work I will describe briefly the philosophy of teaching, which the curriculum in question has been based on. I will also describe the ABRSM grading system, which is the basis for the music school’s grading system. Creating the curriculum was a multi-faceted process, which necessitated extensive teamwork. The process involved help from the music school’s teachers, students, student’s parents, as well as help from representative’s of the city of Helsinki’s culture and education department. First in the process it was necessary to investigate what the law and regulations required of such a curriculum. Afterwards it was necessary to create and put into writing a school mission, vision and goals. It was also imperative to undergo valuable discussions to determine which concepts of learning would the curriculum be based on. It was also necessary to clarify how and if the Simultaneous Learning model and the ABRSM-exams would fit into the teaching curriculum with which we were applying for a teaching permit. Therefore the process of creating the curriculum was a sort of developmental tool for ISM as a fresh music school just figuring out its activities. I believe this thesis can also be of help to others who need to literalize their teaching curriculums. Key words: Curriculum, values of teaching, constructive learning theory, simultaneous learning, ABRSM-exams.Työhön kuuluu liitteena International School of Music -koulun opetussuunnitelma. Sitä voi tiedustella osoitteesta www.ismfinland.or

Traditional teaching versus cooperative learning

This study aims to investigate the effects of cooperative learning on pupils’ knowledge and development with a particular focus on concepts and conceptual understanding in mathematics. By employing both qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study compared the effectiveness of cooperative learning to traditional teaching approaches in grade 4. The following question was formulated to research the aim of this study: How does pupils’' understanding of concepts in mathematics differ after traditional teaching compared to teaching with cooperative learning in grade 4? Svanelid’s (2014) three aspects were used as an analysis model in this intervention study. With the analysis model, teachers can assess whether pupils have understood various mathematical concepts. The results of the aim showed that cooperative learning had a significant positive impact on pupils’ learning and their understanding of geometrical concepts. Through collaborative activities and interactive discussions, pupils actively participated in the learning process, leading to improved comprehension and retention of geometric concepts. However due to introduction of methodological weaknesses and potential biases the results can not be considered as statistically sound. The study indicated development in pupils’ learning and understanding of mathematics. In an attempt to pursue the main aim of this study, traditional teaching and cooperative learning were used as teaching techniques for pupils to study the development of their learning. After each teaching method, tests were used to identify the results of the analysis. The results indicated progression in the pupils’ learning by using cooperative teaching. Teachers are encouraged to further investigate cooperative learning techniques in their lessons as it potentially can increase pupils’ learning. More research is needed to establish a correlation between the use of cooperative learning in the teaching of mathematical concepts

To meet somewhere between the exercise of power and powerlessness. : A survey of treatment models, theoretical assumptions and treatment effects

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att kartlägga vilka behandlingsmodeller som finns för män som utövar våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer och vilka effekter de mest vanligt förekommande behandlingsinsatserna har. Vidare är syftet att undersöka behandlingsmodellernas teoretiska grundantaganden och behandlingsinnehåll. Föreliggande studie genomförs som en litteraturstudie där kunskaper om behandlingsmodeller för våldsutövande män i nära relation sammanställs. Studiens resultat visar att de behandlingsmodeller som är mest vanligt förekommande är Emerge, The Duluth Model, Change och ATV (Alternativ till våld). Utvärderingar visar att de flesta behandlingsmodeller uppvisar små men signifikanta effekter och att återfall av våldsbrott minskar på kort sikt. Studier lyfter dock upp frågan kring de svårigheter som finns i samband med att utvärdera behandlingsprogram.The purpose of this study is to identify which treatment models that are available for men who use violence against women in intimate relationships and the effects of the most commonly used treatment interventions. The further aim is to examine the theoretical assumptions and processing content of treatment models. The present study was conducted as a literature review where knowledge about treatment models for violent men in intimate relationships are compiled. Our results demonstrate that the treatment models that are most commonly used are Emerge, The Duluth Model, Change and ATV (Alternatives to Violence). Evaluations show that most treatment models exhibit small but significant effects and recurrence of violent crime decreases in the short term. Research highlights, however problems about the difficulties associated with evaluating treatment programs

Relationship between structural and dielectric properties of Znsubstituted Ba5CaTi2−xZnxNb8O30 tetragonal tungsten bronze

International audienceBa5CaTi2-xZnxNb8O30 ceramics with (x=0, 0.04, and 0.08) were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction method at 1300°C for 6 hours. The effects of the Ti/Zn ratio on structural and dielectric properties were studied by changing the value of x. The pure phase formation of all prepared Ba5CaTi2-xZnxNb8O30 compositions was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The refinement of the (XRD) data by the Rietveld method confirmed the tetragonal crystal structure with the space group P4bm at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Ba5CaTi2-xZnxNb8O30 ceramics shows good sinterability, low porosity and uniform distribution of grains of unequal size over the entire surface in all samples. The average grain size is in the range of 1.3 to 1.6 μm. The frequency-dependent dielectric properties were examined by complex impedance spectroscopy in the temperature range of 50°C to 420°C where a structural phase transition was observed for all samples

Very-low temperature synthesis of pure and crystalline lead-free Ba.85Ca.15Zr.1Ti.9O3 ceramic

The site-doping strategy of barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a promising way to develop new lead-free materials for energy with enhanced dielectric and piezoelectric properties. A novel strategy to elaborated pure and crystalline Ba.85Ca.15Zr.1Ti.9O3 (BCZT) ferroelectric powders at low temperature is proposed. It is based on sol-gel method followed by a hydrothermal reaction. The effects of preparation temperature on structure, crystallinity, purity, morphology and particles size distribution of BCZT powders were studied. It was clearly shown that pure and crystalline BCZT could be obtained over 80 °C. Furthermore, the BCZT particles exhibit a spherical shape whose mean size increases from 145 nm at 40 °C to 160 nm at 80 °C. The present study may provide a new strategy to design lead-free ferroelectric materials with enhanced structure and microstructure properties at very low temperature

Biosynthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles using extract of Nerium oleander leaves for the removal of tetracycline antibiotic

Tetracycline (TC) is one of the antibiotics that is found in wastewaters. TC is toxic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic. In this study, the tetracycline was removed from water by adsorption using dioxide silicon nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) biosynthesized from the extract of Nerium oleander leaves. These nanoparticles were characterized using SEM-EDX, BET-BJH, FTIR-ATR, TEM, and XRD. The influences of various factors such as pH solution, SiO2 NPs dose, adsorption process time, initial TC concentration, and ionic strength on adsorption behaviour of TC onto SiO2 NPs were investigated. TC adsorption on SiO2 NPs could be well described in the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and followed the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity was 552.48 mg/g. At optimal conditions, the experimental adsorption results indicated that the SiO2 NPs adsorbed 98.62% of TC. The removal of TC using SiO2 NPs was 99.56% at conditions (SiO2 NPs dose = 0.25 g/L, C0 = 25 mg/L, and t = 40 min) based on Box–Behnken design (BBD) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) modelling. Electrostatic interaction governs the adsorption mechanism is attributed. The reusability of SiO2 NPs was tested, and the performance adsorption was 85.36% after the five cycles. The synthesized SiO2 NPs as promising adsorbent has a potential application for antibiotics removal from wastewaters

Fast synthesis of crosslinked self-blowing poly(β-hydroxythioether) foams by decarboxylative-alkylation of thiols at room temperature

A novel strategy was developed to prepare a self-blowing poly(β-hydroxythioether) foam at room temperature by S-alkylation of 5-membered bis-cyclic carbonate using multifunctional thiol monomers. Two different thiol compounds, trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) and pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropanoic acid) were used for the decarboxylative s-alkylation reaction. The thiol compounds simultaneously act as crosslinking agents and generate carbon dioxide during the decarboxylative s-alkylation reaction. This enables foam preparation without an external blowing agent. The use of tetrathiol monomer improves thermal stability, provides flexibility to the foams, and induces an increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) due to a higher degree of cross-linking. The apparent density of the foams decreases with the increase of the tetrathiol ratio. This novel solvent-free approach paves the way to design sustainable foams with modular properties using accessible components and additives, as well as provides an alternative to non-isocyanate polyurethane foams.The CNRST of Morocco acknowledged for funding this work from Projet Prioritaire (PPR1/2015/73)Peer reviewe

Implementation and Characterization of a Laminate Hybrid Composite Based on Palm Tree and Glass Fibers

In this work, laminated polyester thermoset composites based on palm tree fibers extracted from palms leaflets and glass mats fibers were manufactured to develop hybrid compositions with good mechanical properties; the mixture of fibers was elaborated to not exceed 25 vol.%. Samples were prepared with a resin transfer molding (RTM) method and mechanically characterized using tensile and flexural, hardness, and impact tests, and ultrasonic waves as a non-destructive technique. The water sorption of these composite materials was carried out in addition to solar irradiation aging for approximately 300 days to predict the applicability and the long-term performance of the manufactured composites. Results have shown that the use of glass fibers significantly increased all properties; however, an optimum combination of the mixture could be interesting and could be developed with less glass sheet and more natural fibers, which is the goal of this study. On the other hand, exposure to natural sunlight deteriorated the mechanical resistance of the neat resin after only 60 days, while the composites kept high mechanical resistance for 365 days of exposure

Effect of Fabric Layering Sequence and Architecture on Mechanical Properties of Clay, Jute, and Glass Fibers Reinforced Polyester Laminated Hybrid Composites

Hybrid laminated composites are attracting a lot of attention these days. Indeed, mixing natural and synthetic fabrics in the same matrix completely exploits the components’ greatest properties. However, it has been proven that the use of particles such as clays increases the material performance. Hence, the aim of this study is to produce a new hybrid laminated composite system using the hand lay-up method and compression molding techniques. For this, a layering sequence of plain-woven jute fabrics and different architecture of E-Glass fibers (matt and plain-woven roving fabrics with different grammage) were selected to strengthen a polyester resin modified with a tiny amount of clays. The effects of hybridization, layering sequence, and weaving architecture were evaluated by means of mechanical tests. The dispersion and distribution of the charges in the polymeric matrix were also investigated by studying the material rheological properties. We conclude that the proposed hybridization may result in an optimal, superior, and cost-effective laminated composite that fits all the requirements of a given structure

Morphogenesis mechanisms in the hydrothermal growth of lead-free BCZT nanostructured multipods

Due to growing environmental concerns about the toxicity of lead-based piezoelectrics, the replacement of Pb-based materials with homologs with comparable piezoelectric properties but without lead is an emergent task. Since 2009, Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) materials have aroused considerable attention as a replacement due to their excellent dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. Nanostructuring of BCZT can enhance these functionalities even more. Here, templated-growth of BCZT nanostructured multipods with hydrogen zirconate titanate nanowires (HZTO-NWs) was investigated under hydrothermal conditions. The effects of the precursor's concentrations and the hydrothermal reaction time on the morphological formation of BCZT nanostructures were investigated. Besides, composition, structure and phase analysis studies were carried out, and the growth mechanism of BCZT multipods was proposed. It was found that the precursor's concentrations and dwell time in hydrothermal reactions play a critical role in the formation of BCZT multipods, and the desirable BCZT phase was obtained in samples using low barium and calcium concentrations and at a short reaction time. This research has general validity and can be extended to design more complex perovskite oxides