Stated choice valuation of traffic related noise

This paper reports a novel application of the stated choice method to the valuation of road traffic noise. The innovative context used is that of choice between apartments with different levels of traffic noise, view, sunlight and cost with which respondents would be familiar. Stated choice models were developed on both perceived and objective measures of traffic noise, with the former statistically superior, and an extensive econometric analysis has been conducted to assess the nature and extent of householders’ heterogeneity of preferences for noise. This found that random taste variation is appreciable but also identified considerable systematic variation in valuations according to income level, household composition and exposure to noise. Self-selectivity is apparent, whereby those with higher marginal values of noise tend to live in quieter apartments. Sign and reference effects were apparent in the relationship between ratings and objective noise measures, presumably reflecting the non-linear nature of the latter. However, there was no strong support for sign, size or reference effects in the valuations of perceived noise levels

Preference Elicitation Tool for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background It is estimated that one-third of women will experience abnormal menstrual bleeding. The majority of these cases are not due to cancer or pregnancy complications and, as a result, women are faced with a variety of treatment alternatives, the selection of which is largely dependent on personal preferences for care rather than clinical outcomes. Objective This randomized trial was designed to evaluate a preference elicitation tool to promote physician–patient collaborative decision making for treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Methods Adaptive conjoint analysis (ACA) was used to create a preference elicitation tool in English and in Spanish. Women with AUB were enrolled to the study and randomly assigned to ACA or usual counseling at the initial clinic visit at four clinics (three in Indianapolis, IN, USA, and one in Southern Pines, NC, USA). The ACA tool elicited preferences across eight attributes: treatment efficacy; sexual function; medical care; cost; fertility; frequency of medication use; permanence; and recovery time. t tests were used to compare differences in the primary outcomes of decision regret and treatment satisfaction at the follow-up visit. The study was designed to have 80 % power to detect significant differences between groups for the primary outcomes of regret and satisfaction. Results Women were enrolled in the study between September 2009 and March 2012. 183 participants were randomized to ACA and 191 to usual counseling. Overall, mean (standard deviation) treatment satisfaction was high at 35.71 (9.72) (scale of 0–44), and decision regret was low at 25.9 (21.0) (scale of 0–100), creating ceiling effects for the selected outcome variables; there were no significant differences between the ACA and control groups at the follow-up assessment. There was a strong inverse relationship between age and decision regret (p = 0.007). Exploratory subgroup analysis in the youngest quartile comprising 64 women aged 19–35 years showed a statistically non-significant difference in mean regret scores for the ACA group versus usual counseling (24.6 vs. 34.6, respectively; p = 0.08). Conclusions A preference elicitation tool at the initial consultation visit did not reduce decision regret or improve treatment satisfaction among patients with AUB; however, there is a need for additional research to further understand this tool’s potential role in promoting collaborative decision making, which may be particularly important among younger women

The Student Movement Volume 107 Issue 20: Andrews Students Spring Back from Break: Six More Weeks to Go

HUMANS Meeting Dr. McCree, Interviewed by: Grace No Interview with Dr. Luxton: Saying Goodbye, Interviewed by: Grace No Spring Break Renovations & Relaxation, Caryn Cruz ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT Currently: The Last of Us, Solana Campbell Spring Break Spotlight, Amelia Stefanescu What Happened to Wang in the Costco Bathroom?, Nora Martin NEWS Experiences Living in Lamson Hall, Abigail Kim Time is Ticking for TikTok, Brendan Oh WEAAU x CFE Service Sabbath, Terika Williams IDEAS Inequality Drags on in Tennessee, Alexander J. Hess On Value: True Crime and the Search for Meaning, Nora Martin When Winds Change: The Legacy of President Luxton, Bella Hamann PULSE A Trip to the Museo , Chris Ngugi AUSA Senates Holds Bon Appétit Forum, Neesa Richards Speaking Up With Women Press Release, Nicholas C. Gunn LAST WORD A Week of Rest and Relaxation ... Almost, Grace Nohttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-107/1019/thumbnail.jp

The Student Movement Volume 107 Issue 13: We\u27ve Got the Spirit: Students Celebrate Dr. Luxton

HUMANS Best of Bon Appetit, Nora Martin Interview with the Dean of Lamson and Meier Halls, Interviewed by: Grace No The Joy of Japan, Interviewed by: Gloria Oh ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT A Creation Adventure, Nathaniel Reid Currently: Velma, Solana Campbell Suite Dreams for Sweet Dreams, Skylor Stark Where do I Find God? Part II, Anonymous NEWS AUSA Celebrates 100 Years of Student-Led Action, Andrew Francis Response to A House Divided Story, Christon Arthur, Provost Where\u27s the Harm in True Crime?. Abigail Kim IDEAS Redefining Free Agency in Sports, Andrew Francis Flying Cars of 2030, Rachel Ingram-Clay The Spooky Nature of Our Physical World, Alexander Navarro The State of AI, Abby Shim PULSE Debunking Myths Surrounding J.N. Andrews Honors Program, Gloria Oh Our Dear AU: A Spirit Week Tour, Lexie Dunham Romance and Reading, Gloria Oh LAST WORD An Ode to Tea, Alexander J. Hesshttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/sm-107/1012/thumbnail.jp

Larger than Life: Humans' Nonverbal Status Cues Alter Perceived Size

Social dominance and physical size are closely linked. Nonverbal dominance displays in many non-human species are known to increase the displayer's apparent size. Humans also employ a variety of nonverbal cues that increase apparent status, but it is not yet known whether these cues function via a similar mechanism: by increasing the displayer's apparent size.We generated stimuli in which actors displayed high status, neutral, or low status cues that were drawn from the findings of a recent meta-analysis. We then conducted four studies that indicated that nonverbal cues that increase apparent status do so by increasing the perceived size of the displayer. Experiment 1 demonstrated that nonverbal status cues affect perceivers' judgments of physical size. The results of Experiment 2 showed that altering simple perceptual cues can affect judgments of both size and perceived status. Experiment 3 used objective measurements to demonstrate that status cues change targets' apparent size in the two-dimensional plane visible to a perceiver, and Experiment 4 showed that changes in perceived size mediate changes in perceived status, and that the cue most associated with this phenomenon is postural openness.We conclude that nonverbal cues associated with social dominance also affect the perceived size of the displayer. This suggests that certain nonverbal dominance cues in humans may function as they do in other species: by creating the appearance of changes in physical size

Relación entre el ejecutivo central, sus funciones, y los procesos de lectura y escritura

Resumen: En la actualidad, diversos estudios han demostrado que el desempeño en tareas de memoria de trabajo a una edad temprana puede predecir de forma significativa el rendimiento académico al inicio de la escolaridad. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal estudiar la relación entre el ejecutivo central, componente de la memoria de trabajo, y los procesos de lectura y escritura en niños de 6 años de edad de la ciudad de Paraná. Más específicamente, se propone analizar cuál de las cuatro funciones del ejecutivo central predice en mayor medida el desempeño en tareas específicas de lectura y escritura. Con el propósito de evaluar cada una de estas variables, se aplicó a una muestra de 50 niños de ambos sexos las siguientes pruebas: para estudiar el ejecutivo central y sus funciones se administraron: Letras y Números (subtest del WISC IV), como medida del componente antes mencionado; respecto a la tarea dual, se administró un ejercicio que consistía en la coordinación de dos tareas independientes (test de Fluidez verbal y figura compleja de Rey); en relación a la función alternancia se recurrió al Trail Making Test; en cuanto a la inhibición se utilizó la tarea Sol-Luna tipo Stroop; por último, se empleó una prueba basada en el paradigma n-back, para evaluar la actualización. Con el objetivo de indagar el desempeño en los procesos de lectura y escritura se administró el Test de Lectura y Escritura en Español (LEE), el cual consta de siete pruebas principales: lectura de palabras, lectura de pseudopalabras, compresión de palabras y frases, prosodia, compresión de textos, escritura de palabras, escritura de pseudopalabras; y dos pruebas complementarias: segmentación fonémica y lectura de letras. De acuerdo a lo analizado, se llegó a la conclusión de que, en primer lugar, existe una correlación significativa entre los procesos estudiados. De esta forma, el desempeño del ejecutivo central se relaciona al nivel de ejecución en los procesos de lectura y escritura. Por otro lado, el componente ejecutivo central predice de forma significativa el rendimiento en tareas de lectura y escritura. Asimismo, se evidenció que la actualización, función del ejecutivo central, es el predictor más importante del desempeño en los procesos mencionados

Heartland Virus and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Immunocompromised Patient, Missouri, USA

Heartland virus is a suspected tickborne pathogen in the United States. We describe a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, then death, in an immunosuppressed elderly man in Missouri, USA, who was infected with Heartland virus