912 research outputs found
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Energy certification of residential buildings in the Mediterranean climate
The Energy Performance of Buildings Directives (EPBDs) are political initiatives taken by the European Union to tackle the problems of climate change and security of energy supply. One of the key measures of these directives is the energy performance certification of housing, which has widespread social and economic implications, as well as the potential to impact upon the direction of these initiatives and their environmental consequence. This research is focused on the application of Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) to housing in the Mediterranean regions of Europe, with the purpose of establishing whether the current calculation methodologies in use for the generation of EPCs accurately represent the energy performance of housing in the region. The analysis was carried out by comparative testing using different national methodologies from Cyprus, Italy, Malta and Spain on four test case properties. The test results were validated against the output from dynamic simulation software and against monitored temperature and energy data from the test case properties. Considerable differences in the outputs from the various national methodologies currently in use were found
Temporal characterization of individual harmonics of an attosecond pulse train by THz streaking
We report on the global temporal pulse characteristics of individual
harmonics in an attosecond pulse train by means of photo-electron streaking in
a strong low-frequency transient. The scheme allows direct retrieval of pulse
durations and first order chirp of individual harmonics without the need of
temporal scanning. The measurements were performed using an intense THz field
generated by tilted phase front technique in LiNbO_3 . Pulse properties for
harmonics of order 23, 25 and 27 show that the individual pulse durations and
linear chirp are decreasing by the harmonic order
Primary care in Malta : the patients’s expectations in 2009
Given the strong literature base to support the positioning of Primary Care at the core of a sustainable National Health Service, this study examines what the Maltese general public prefer, and expect, from their family doctor, and explores their preferred systems of care changes.peer-reviewe
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‘I am worthless and kind’: the specificity of positive and negative self-evaluation in adolescent depression
Objectives: Adolescence represents a critical phase when the concept of self is developed and consolidated. Depressed adolescents globally endorse more negative and fewer positive self-descriptive words compared with non-depressed adolescents. Yet the methods used have not allowed for more detailed exploration of the specific content of these self-endorsements.
Methods: Adolescents, aged 12-18 years, were recruited from the community (n = 204) and from a child and adolescent mental health service in the UK (n = 87). Participants completed measures of depression and a self-description questionnaire which included 12 positive and 12 negative self-descriptive adjectives.
Results: As expected, we replicated previous findings that depressive symptoms are associated with global positive and negative self-endorsements. The difference between mean scores was examined for each adjective. Depressed adolescents endorsed all negative adjectives more highly relative to community adolescents; ratings of ‘worthless’ and ‘useless’ had the biggest difference between community and depressed adolescents. Surprisingly, a group of positive prosocial self-descriptors were endorsed equally by depressed and community adolescents and were not associated with severity of depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: Although depressed adolescents endorsed more negative descriptions of themselves than community adolescents, positive self-endorsements related to their relationships with other people were not impaired
Reverse Foam Sclerotherapy of the Great Saphenous Vein with Sapheno-Femoral Ligation Compared to Standard and Invagination Stripping: a Prospective Clinical Series
AbstractObjectivesComparison of Reverse Foam Sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein (GSV) combed with sapheno-femoral junction (SFJ) ligation to standard (Babcock) stripping and invagination (Pin) stripping in a prospective clinical series.DesignProspective clinical series.Materials and methods90 consecutive limbs of 82 patients with incompetence of the GSV resulting in varicose veins were prospectively randomised into 3 groups of 30, treated by SFJ ligation and either reverse foam sclerotherapy, standard stripping or invagination stripping of the GSV. Outcomes were assessed post-operatively and at 2-weeks follow-up. Peri-operative blood loss (24 hrs), analgesic requirement, bruising and residual varicosities were assessed. Bruising was assessed by both patients and independent assessors using questionnaires.ResultsSFJ ligation plus reverse foam sclerotherapy of the GSV was associated with significantly less blood loss, bruising and post-op discomfort than either of the stripping techniques. (p<0.001, Mann-Whitney)ConclusionStandard stripping of the GSV and invagination stripping are not associated with major discomfort and problems in the early post-operative period. SFJ ligation and GSV reverse foam sclerotherapy yielded greater patient satisfaction with less post-op bruising and discomfort and reduced analgesic requirements
Ex vivo determination of bone tissue strains for an in vivo mouse tibial loading model
AbstractPrevious studies introduced the digital image correlation (DIC) as a viable technique for measuring bone strain during loading. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of a DIC system in determining surface strains in a mouse tibia while loaded in compression through the knee joint. Specifically, we examined the effect of speckle distribution, facet size and overlap, initial vertical alignment of the bone into the loading cups, rotation with respect to cameras, and ex vivo loading configurations on the strain contour maps measured with a DIC system.We loaded tibiae of C57BL/6 mice (12 and 18 weeks old male) up to 12N at 8N/min. Images of speckles on the bone surface were recorded at 1N intervals and DIC was used to compute strains. Results showed that speckles must have the correct size and density with respect to the facet size of choice for the strain distribution to be computed and reproducible. Initial alignment of the bone within the loading cups does not influence the strain distribution measured during peak loading, but bones must be placed in front of the camera with the same orientation in order for strains to be comparable. Finally, the ex vivo loading configurations with the tibia attached to the entire mouse, or to the femur and foot, or only to the foot, showed different strain contour maps.This work provides a better understanding of parameters affecting full field strain measurements from DIC in ex vivo murine tibial loading tests
Tratamiento de fracturas toracolumbares: nuestra experiencia en el periodo 2000-2003. Protocolo de actuación
Presentamos una revisión de los resultados obtenidos en pacientes intervenidos de fracturas tóraco-lumbares durante los años 2000 a 2003, en ambos inclusive, por el servicio de TraumatologÃa y CirugÃa Ortopédica del Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada; asà como el protocolo seguido en el manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de este tipo de pacientes. Las fracturas más frecuentes fueron en L1 y del tipo A3 de la clasificación AO. La vÃa de abordaje más utilizada fue la posterior (138 casos). En 132 casos se instrumentó la vértebra fracturada y en 39 casos fue necesaria la descompresión. El Ãndice sagital medio preoperatorio fue de 17,5º y el postoperatorio de 3,5º. La pérdida de altura vertebral preoperatoria fue del 52% y del 14% al final del tratamiento. En 39 pacientes con déficit neurológico se realizó descompresión. En el 79% de los casos los resultados fueron excelentes y en el resto regulares o malos.We present the results of surgical treatment in
patients with thoraco-lumbar fractures operated on between
the years 2000 and 2003 at the Orthopedic and Traumatology
Department of the hospital Virgen de las Nieves Hospital of
Granada, Spain. The diagnosis and therapeutic protocol of
this type of patients is also evaluated. A3 type from AO classification fracture of L1, was the most frequent injury. Posterior
surgical approach of the spine was mainly used (138 cases),
in 132 cases the fracture was stabilized by means of internal
fixation and 39 cases required decompression of the lumbar
canal. The average sagital index was 17,5º preoperative and
3,5º after surgery. The average loss of height was 52% preoperative and 14% at the end of treatment. In 39 surgical
decompression was indicated for neurological impairment.
Excellent results were obtained in 79% of the cases, the rest
were fair and poor
Search for the Hypothetical pi -> mu x Decay
The KARMEN collaboration has reported the possible observation of a hitherto
unknown neutral and weakly interacting particle x, which is produced in the
decay pi -> mu + x with a mass m(x) = 33.9 MeV. We have searched for this
hypothetical decay branch by studying muons from pion decay in flight with the
LEPS spectrometer at the piE3 channel at PSI and find branching ratios BR(pi-
to mu- anti-x) < 4e-7 and BR(pi+ to mu+ x) < 7e-8 (95\% C.L.). Together with
the limit BR > 2e-8 derived in a recent theoretical paper our result would
leave only a narrow region for the existence of x if it is a heavy neutrino.Comment: 10 pages, TeX (uses epsf), 3 Postscript figures uu-encode
Evidence for a two component magnetic response in UPt3
The magnetic response of the heavy fermion superconductor UPt_3 has been
investigated on a microscopic scale by muon Knight shift studies. Two distinct
and isotropic Knight shifts have been found for the field in the basal plane.
While the volume fractions associated with the two Knight shifts are
approximately equal at low and high temperatures, they show a dramatic and
opposite temperature dependence around T_N. Our results are independent on the
precise muon localization site. We conclude that UPt_3 is characterized by a
two component magnetic response.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
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