POM@MOF hybrids : synthesis and applications

The hybrid materials that are created by supporting or incorporating polyoxometalates (POMs) into/onto metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have a unique set of properties. They combine the strong acidity, oxygen-rich surface, and redox capability of POMs, while overcoming their drawbacks, such as difficult handling, a low surface area, and a high solubility. MOFs are ideal hosts because of their high surface area, long-range ordered structure, and high tunability in terms of the pore size and channels. In some cases, MOFs add an extra dimension to the functionality of hybrids. This review summarizes the recent developments in the field of POM@MOF hybrids. The most common applied synthesis strategies are discussed, together with major applications, such as their use in catalysis (organocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis). The more than 100 papers on this topic have been systematically summarized in a handy table, which covers almost all of the work conducted in this field up to now

Comparison of Resistance, Aerobic and Combined Trainings Effects on the FGF21 Serum Levels in Active Elderly Men

AbstractIntroduction: The FGF-21 biomarker is an essential factor in reducing the incidence of various cancers and improving the metabolic status of individuals, and improving the metabolic of heart cells. This study aimed to assess the difference between the effect of resistance, aerobic, and combined training on the salivary levels of FGF-21 in active older men.Methods: The present study method was semi-experimental and performed with a pre-post-test design and three experimental groups. The subjects were randomly assigned to study 36 divided into three groups 1. Resistance training, 2. Aerobic training, and 3. Combined training (n = 12). The serum FGF-21 salivary value in subjects was evaluated and recorded using special sandwich analysis methods by special kits according to the kit brochure's method. The subjects then performed relevant training protocols for eight weeks, after which the post-test data training was evaluated and recorded similar to the pretest conditions. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistical tests, dependent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe post hoc in SPSS version 24. The significant level was 0.05.Results: The results showed that the number of salivary FGF-21 increased significantly after applying aerobic, resistance, and combined training, and this increase was 38.9%, 23.8%, and 14.7% for combined, resistance, and aerobic activity, respectively.Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, combined exercises should be used to improve metabolic risk factors and reduce the risk of cancer due to increased FGF-21 levels in the elderly community

Promotional effect of N-functionality on the catalytic performance of heterogeneous Ru catalysts : enhanced catalytic activity of Ru@CTF vs Ru@UiO-67 for aerobic oxidation of alcohols

C

The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on the Response of Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Factors of Hypertensive Patients to One Bout Submaximal Endurance Exercise

Introduction: Extensive evidence has shown that high intensity exercise triggers blood coagulation and improves blood fibrinolysis levels. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the response of coagulation, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic factors of hypertensive cardiovascular patients to one bout submaximal endurance exercise (OBSEE). Methods: Out of 70 men with high blood pressure, 20 men were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into two equal groups: an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). First, both groups performed OBSEE. After that, the EG performed 12 weeks of HIIT. At the end, again, both groups performed OBSEE. Blood sampling was performed just before and immediately after each session of exercise. Dependent variables were categorized into three groups including 1. Coagulation: fibrinogen(FIB), factor VIII(FVIII), prothrombin time (PT), prothrombin time activity (PTA), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), platelet (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV) 2. Anticoagulation: protein C (PC), antithrombinIII (ATIII) 3. Fibrinolytic: d-dimer (D-D), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor1 (PAI-I), tPA/PAI-1. To analyze the data, Shapiro- Wilk test, Factorial repeated measures ANOVA, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient were used at significant level (P ≤ 0.05). Results: HIIT caused significant increase in the rate of Vo2max (p = 0.001) and significant decrease in RHR (p = 0.001), SBP (p = 0.001) and DBP (p = 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in the response of FIB (p = 0.262), FVIII (p = 0.248), PT (p = 0.396), PTA (p = 0.646), INR (p = 0.408), aPTT (p = 0.856), PLT (p = 0.678), MPV (p = 0.223), D-D (p = 0.621), tPA (p = 0.381), PAI-1 (p = 0.353), tPA / PAI-1 (p = 0.069), PC (p = 0.147) and ATIII (p = 0.138) to OBSEE after 12 weeks HIIT. Conclusion: It seems that to observation of significant positive changes in the response of coagulation, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic factors to one OBSEE, more than 12 weeks HIIT are required

The effect of aerobic exercise training on the expression of genes involved in cardiac apoptosis (Caspase-3/-7) in rats with glioblastoma multiforme

Performing aerobic exercise in different disease conditions can regulate cardiac homeostasis and reduce cardiac apoptosis caused by the disease. In brain cancer, other tissues, including cardiac tissue, can also be affected. Since exercise training causes organ crosstalk, in this study, the effects of aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiac apoptosis in Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) rats are evaluated. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (n=8 in each) of healthy control, GBM, and GBM+AET. Glioblastoma was injected into the frontal cortex of rats. The training group (AET) performed aerobic exercises on the treadmill for 4 weeks, 3 days a week at a speed of 18 meters per minute, for 25-40 minutes. In the end, the rats were sacrificed and caspase-3 and caspase-7 were analyzed from the myocardium by Real-time PCR method. Considering H&E image, the GBM group showed necrosis and apoptosis in cardiac tissue compared to the healthy group. Compared to the healthy control group, GBM significantly increased caspase-3 and caspase-7 mRNA in the myocardium (p<0.05). However, in contrast to the GBM group, the GBM+AET showed a significant decrease in caspase-3 and caspase-7 mRNA at the myocardium (p<0.05). Since tumor formation in the body can affect other distant tissues in an endocrine manner, it is suggested to prioritize aerobic exercise to control the damage caused by GBM on heart tissue. However, more studies are needed, especially on human samples

Immobilization of a new (salen) molybdenum(VI) complex onto the ion-exchangeable polysiloxane as a heterogeneous epoxidation catalyst

In this study, a new recoverable catalyst for the epoxidation of olefins was developed using a layered polysiloxane as a support for immobilizing  (salen) molybdenum(VI) complex by electrostatic interaction between the surface of the solid support and the electrically charged molybdenum complex. Characterization of the heterogeneous catalyst by Fourier transform infrared, XRD,1H NMR, and atomic absorption spectroscopes as well as thermogravimetric and CHN elemental analyses confirmed successful immobilization of the (salen) molybdenum(VI) complex to the support. The prepared catalyst catalyzed the epoxidation of olefins efficiently. The effect of different factors on the epoxidation of cyclooctene was investigated. Reaction conditions including reaction temperature, solvent type, substrate amount, catalyst amount and oxidant  amount  were systematically optimized in order to achieve the highest conversion of cyclooctene. Various other olefins showed high catalytic activity and selectivity under the optimal reaction conditions. Regenerability test demonstrated that the catalyst can be recycled for at least five times without leaching of molybdenum. Moreover, the catalyst showed good stability under the reaction conditions as determined by FT-IR and ICP-OES analyses