Steelwork design guide using locally produced steel sections second edition

Aims principally at students who are following courses in steelwork design as well as at practicing professionals who are interested in the subject. The book consists of design calculations of building elements such as beams, columns, and connections, using locally produced steel sections. Step by step calculations in the design of these elements are presented here to assist civil engineering students and interested professionals alike. The design is based on BS 5950: Part1:1990 Structural use of steelwork in buildings using the dimensions and properties of hot-rolled steel sections produced locally by PERWAJA Steel Sdn. Bhd

Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency Gained by (Motion and Stability) of the Solar Cell Interface According to the Specific Angles of the Location of the Sun Disk in Diwaniyah City (Applied Climate Study)

يسلط البحث الضوء على أهمية توجيه ألواح الخلايا الشمسية فصليا وضمن ساعات النهار خلال الفصل ألواحد  في تحقيق أعلى كسب للطاقة الشمسية التي يمكن تحويلها الى طاقة كهربائية،اشتملت الدراسة على  أربعة فصول (الصيف، والشتاء، والاعتدالين الربيعي والخريفي)، تم اعتماد الدرجة المعيارية بوصفها وسيلة احصائية لبيان الفارق في الطاقة الواصلة لسطح ألواح الخلايا الشمسية في حالتي ثبات وحركة لألواح الخلايا الشمسية وفقا لزاويتي سمت الرأس وزاوية البعد الافقي، وتم بناء قاعدة للبيانات للمدة المحصورة بين (830-1230)ولكل فصل. وتم تحديد الزوايا المحددة لموقع قرص الشمس في مدينة الديوانية بدلالة موقعها الفلكي وذلك باستعمال برنامج  ( Energy 3D  programme)، وتم قياس شدة الاشعاع الشمسي المباشر والمنتشر بأستعمال جهاز(Solar power meter SPM – 1116 SD) وقد تم إعتماد موقع للرصد الميداني للإشعاع الشمسي بعيدا عن الابنية لتفادي تاثيرها على شدة الاشعاع الواصل.       توصلت الدراسة الى مجموعة من النتائج يمكن ايجازها على النحو الاتي: 1-يتحقق أعلى كسب للطاقة عندما تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية ثابتة باتجاه موقع قرص الشمس المحدد بزاوية  سمت الرأس (صفر⁰) في فصل الصيف في الساعة( 830)، ويتحقق أعلى كسب للطاقة عندما تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية باتجاه موقع قرص الشمس المحدد بزاوية  سمت الرأس (صفر⁰) في الساعة( 1030)، اما في الساعة (1230) فقد تحقق أعلى كسب للطاقة عندما تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية ثابتة باتجاه موقع قرص الشمس المحدد بزاوية سمت الرأس (صفر⁰) (1230). 2--يتحقق أعلى كسب للطاقة عندما تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية متحركة باتجاه قرص الشمس المحدد بزاوية سمت الرأس (⁰45)، وزاوية البعد الافقي(135⁰) جنوب الشرقي في وقت (830) في فصل الشتاء، أما في الساعة(1030) فأن أعلى كسب للطاقة يتحقق عندما  تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية متحركة باتجاه قرص الشمس المحدد بزاوية سمت الرأس (⁰30)، وزاوية البعد الافقي (180⁰) جنوبا، أما في الساعة(1230) فقد تحقق أعلى كسب للطاقة عندما تكون ألواح الخلايا الشمسية متحركة باتجاه قرص الشمس المحددة بزاوية سمت الرأس (45⁰)، وزاوية البعد الافقي(180⁰) جنوبا. 3- تصدر الاعتدال الخريفي بقية الفصول في نسبة الوقت الذي يشهد فرقاً(عالياً جدا) في الطاقة في حال حركة ألواح الخلايا الشمسية تزامنا مع حركة قرص الشمس بالمقارنة مكتسب الطاقة في حال ثباتها لتبلغ (22,44%)ضمن رقعة الزمن الممتد من الساعة(830-1230) بمعدل فرقاً بلغ (326,3واط /م2/ الساعة)وبزوايا البعد افقي التي تراوحت بين(112-129,08⁰)، في حين تقلصت نسبة الوقت الذي يشهد فرقاً( عالياً جدا) في فصل الصيف بلغ (14,28%) بمعدل فرق في كسب الطاقة بلغ (273,9 واط /م2/الساعة) وبزوايا بعد افقي تراوحت بين( 143,08-160,2 ⁰). The research highlights the importance of directing solar panels quarterly and within daylight hours within each single season - in achieving the highest solar gain that can be converted into electrical energy. The study included four seasons (summer, winter, and spring and autumn equinoxes). The standard score was applied as a statistical method to classify the difference in the energy reaching the surface of the solar cell panels. The specific angles of the location of the sun disk in Diwaniyah city were determined by its astronomical location using (Energy 3D program), and the intensity of direct and diffuse solar radiation was measured using a device ( Solar power meter (SPM-1116 SD) has been observed site monitoring The field of solar radiation away from buildings to avoid the impact on the radiation intensity of connecting.       The study reached a set of results that can be summarized as follows 1-The highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are stationary towards the position of the sun disk specified at the head azimuth angle (zero⁰) in the summer at 830, and the highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are towards the sun disk position at the angle specified The azimuth of the head (zero⁰) at (1030), but at (1230) the highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are fixed towards the position of the sun disk specified at the angle of the head azimuth (zero⁰) (1230) 2-The highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are moving towards the sun disk specified at the angle of the head azimuth (⁰45), and the angle of the horizontal dimension (135⁰) southeast at 830 in winter, and at 1030 The highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are moving towards the sun's disc set at the angle of the head azimuth (⁰30), the angle of the horizontal dimension (180⁰) south, and at 1230 the highest energy gain is achieved when the solar cell panels are moving towards The sun disk is determined by the angle of the azimuth of the head (45⁰), and the angle of the horizontal dimension (180⁰) southward. 3-Autumnal equinox presided the rest of the seasons in the proportion of time, which sees a (very high) difference in energy in the case of the movement of solar cells coinciding with the movement of the solar disk compared to gain energy in the case of stability to reach (22.44%) within the time span of the hour ( The difference in power gain was (326.3 W / m2 / hour) and the horizontal dimension angles ranged from (112-129.08), while the percentage of time witnessed (very high) difference in Summer to reach (14.28%) rate of difference in energy gain of (273.9 W / m2 / hour) and angles of horizontal dimension ranged between (143.08 to 160.2 ⁰)

Digitalization of mobile application in construction industry

Abstract. There is strong evidence that digitalisation offers the ability to improve or upsurge the productivity and change of information along the whole construction industry supply chain. The main purpose for this research project is to develop ways for the case company to connect its laser distance meters (LDMs) with an existing 3rd party app vendor or self-developed mobile applications to help penetrate the construction trades and respond to customer needs. The research project also represents the major pain-point of customers towards the use of existing mobile applications which support measuring in construction industries. It also aims at finding out whether measurement and data sharing in conventional methods are still used in the construction industry, and to explore the most relevant apps for each construction trade. To achieve the research objectives, key construction trade such as (Building Construction (BC), General contractors or Interior Finishing (IF), doors and windows industries or Steel Metal (SM), architecture metal and facade or Mechanical and Electrical (ME) were analysed constructed on the most relevant measuring application. Mobile apps used by construction professionals were clustered and assessed based on the correlation between app descriptions, price, rating, and popularity details from the App Store and the survey conducted and evaluated in their measuring functions. The results of this study lead to the fact that collaborating with key app developers will help to expand services and offering in the construction industry especially in the laser distance meter hardware. Due to that, it will be important to explore the existing trend towards mobile applications which support measuring applications in the construction industry

Role of Salicylic Acid in the Improvement of PEG – Induced Drought Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.) cv. Baghdad

Laboratory experiment using hydroponic culture system was conducted at plant physiology laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure  Sciences, University of Basrah, in order to study the role of seeds soaking with salicylic acid (SA) and the effect of PEG8000 induced water stress on germination and early seedling growth stages of maize (Zea mays L.) cv. Baghdad. Seeds were soaked with three concentrations of SA (0.1,0.3 and 0.5 mM) in addition to control treatment with distilled water, while PEG8000 were used at concentrations of  0% (distilled water) 1%, 2%, 3%, 6%, 9% and 12%. The data was recorded on various parameters like seeds germination percentage, seedlings roots and shoot length and seedlings roots and shoot fresh and dry weight.The experiment was designed as completely randomized factorial with three replicates for each treatment. Results indicated that SA at 0.5 mM caused a significant increase in germination percentage roots and shoot length, roots and shoots fresh and dry weight while PEG8000 caused a significant decrease especially at its high concentrations (6% and 9%) in all the previous parameters. Interaction between SA at 0.5 mM and PEG had improved significantly germination percentage, shoot and roots length, shoot and roots fresh and dry weight so it had a positive significance effect on increasing the drought tolerance in maize. Keywords: Maize, Salicylic acid, PEG8000, Hydroponic, Germination, Seedling growth.

Can pairing strategies be even more profitable? : a study on pairs trading for the U.S. Russel 2000 Index constituents

Pairs trading is considered as a profitable Wall Street strategy. We analyse the influence of K-Means clustering using EPS and book-value per share ratios on pairs trading returns in the formation period, before coupling pairs, while using 3 different ranking methodologies which include the one proposed by Gatev et al. (2006). We use data from the Russel 2000 index from January 2003 to the end of June 2013, on 3.711 stocks. We find that a strategy based on the orthogonal regression approach outputs an impressive 4.35% statistically significant average excess monthly return and a Sharpe ratio of 3.23 if the K-Means clustering is applied and 20 pairs are selected, which compares to the Gatev’s strategy holding -0.54% without clustering for the same sample. We also find that the orthogonal regression method outputs on average 94 b.p. higher monthly excess returns than the average squared deviation methodology and that using the Pearson correlation coefficient for ranking pairs outputs permanently negative returns, independently of the clustering and number of pairs. Likewise, we find that the profitability of the pairs trading strategy is not dependent on the utilities sector

Fuzzy Order Convergence of Double Sequences in Fuzzy Riesz Spaces

في هذا البحث قدمنا بعض المفاهيم حول التقارب الرتيب الضبابي للمتتاليات المزدوجة في فضاءات ريسز الضبابية, وكذلك عرفنا نوع جديد من التقارب وهو تقارب   وتقارب كوشي  للمتتاليات المزدوجة في فضاء ريسز الضبابي , ومن ثم برهنا بعض النتائج المهمة التي تتعلق في هذه المفاهيم.      In this paper, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy order convergence of double sequence, also define a new type of convergence, that is,  Convergence and  Cauchy of double sequence in fuzzy Riesz space and then prove some interesting results related to these notions.   &nbsp

The Structure of the Narrative Dialogue in Andalusian Shrines from the Fifth Century AH to the Ninth Century

Primary thalamus: ‏Dialogue is an important element of narrative narration, as it is a narrative method used in poetry, story and narrations to depict the characters and push the act forward the techniques of the old text are not hidden, as the features of storytelling appear on the ancient literary text in poetry and prose, as the sender depended on a method Tell or tell, which is called the speech If we go back to the old literary texts, especially the art of standing, and read a new reading, the data of this art are revealed, and we find that it belongs to the storytelling, as we see the clear narrative style, and hardly anyone disagrees that the old texts in general are fertile, seduce critics and attract students as they are full of energies and creativity and the literary aesthetic that nourishes the reader's thought (2). Upon entering the text the Andalusian Maqamah from the fifth century AH to the ninth century AH, we see the impact of the Andalusian civilization clearly on the style of standing in general. Through the mentioned centuries and showing the creativity of Maqamiin t he narrative of that era. DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/64-06 Publication date: January 31st 202

Measuring the determinants of capital adequacy and its impact on efficiency in the banking industry : a comparative analysis of Islamic and conventional banks

In terms of profit maximization, being efficient, is one of the key concerns of banks, the regulators are more concerned with setting the most appropriate policies and standards to optimize their role in achieving financial stability in the market. More precisely, capital adequacy standards are among the top priorities of the regulators in the banking sector. In addition, due to the unique nature of Islamic financial principles, the Islamic banks face different challenges when it comes to capital requirements and bank efficiency related issues compared to conventional banks. Therefore, this research aims to examine capital adequacy requirements and measure the key factors that may have an impact. Furthermore, this research assesses the impact of the capital adequacy requirements on the efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks in the case of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Following the existing literature related to banking, this study developed two regression models; the first one was applied to examine the determinants of the capital adequacy ratio. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to investigate the level of efficiency, and then, the second regression model was used to examine the relationship between the capital adequacy ratio and the efficiency of the banks. The examined data are obtained from 50 banks, 25 Islamic banks and 25 conventional banks, in the GCC countries over the period between 2006 and 2015. The overall results are consistent with most of the developed hypotheses indicating that liquidity has a significant negative effect on the capital adequacy of Islamic and conventional banks. The results also confirmed that credit risk has a significant positive effect on the capital adequacy of Islamic and conventional banks. Furthermore, the results confirmed that bank profitability has a significant positive effect on the capital adequacy of Islamic and conventional banks together. Net interest income remains an insignificant association with the capital adequacy requirements of the examined banks. The results confirmed that management quality stays in a positive significant association with capital adequacy requirements in the case of both Islamic and conventional banks in the GCC region over the period between 2006 and 2015. Based on the results delivered through the DEA method, the empirical results reveal that the efficiency of Islamic banks are less efficient than conventional banks in the GCC region. Such results could be due to the unique nature of the Islamic financial principles that impose more complexity to the Islamic financial products and operations that in turn leads to lower efficiency compared to the conventional banks. The empirical results, consistent with the developed hypothesis, reveal that the capital adequacy negatively affects the banks efficiency of the examined GCC banks. However, the results show that such effect is lower in the case of the Islamic banks compared to the conventional banks. The obtained result could be due to financial operations that are based on Islamic financial principles

Anti-Arrhythmic Effect of Amiodarone Against Salbutamol and Aminophylline

Tachycardia refers to an abnormally fast resting heart rate. The higher-than-normal heartbeat means there is an increase in demand for oxygen by the myocardium (heart muscle) - if this persists it can lead to myocardial infarction. There are many causes to tachycardia, and one of them is the using of ant- asthmatic drugs like salbutamol and aminophylline which are well defined to cause tachycardia. This study Used the amiodaron to overcome tachycardia that associated with use of salbutamol and aminophylline. A group of 18 New Zealand rabbits were subdivided into 3 groups; first group (G1) was control, second group (G2) was salbutamol group, and the third group (G3) was aminophylline group. G2 and G3 received salbutamol and aminophylline respectively for one day, and then administered salbutamol plus amiodaron and aminophylline plus amiodaron respectively at another day, all the drugs were administered intravenously at dose (1mg\kg). The parameters are heart rate, respiratory rate and arterial oxygen tension which were measured in each group and after 15,30,60,90,120 minutes of administration. The results shows that when salbutamol and aminophylline used alone they caused increasing in heart rate and there was a highly significant difference (P<0.01) than normal. While the mixing of amiodarone with them, the heart rate was near to normal and there was non significant difference (P>0.05)

Validating dose rate calibration of radiotherapy photon beams through IAEA/WHO postal audit dosimetry service

In external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), the quality assurance (QA) of the radiation beam is crucial to the accurate delivery of the prescribed dose to the patient. One of the dosimetric parameters that require monitoring is the beam output, specified as the dose rate on the central axis under reference conditions. The aim of this project was to validate dose rate calibration of megavoltage photon beams using the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/World Health Organisation (WHO) postal audit dosimetry service. Three photon beams were audited: a 6 MV beam from the low-energy linac and 6 and 18 MV beams from a dual high-energy linac. The agreement between our stated doses and the IAEA results was within 1% for the two 6 MV beams and within 2% for the 18 MV beam. The IAEA/WHO postal audit dosimetry service provides an independent verification of dose rate calibration protocol by an international facility